Steps and analytical skills of prose appreciation

Prose is the most suitable literary form to express the subjective feelings and hearts of sitting, and the basic feature of prose is that it is scattered in form but not scattered in spirit. Form and dispersion refers to the wide freedom of drawing materials; God's persistence is in terms of intention, that is, drawing extensively and focusing on only one theme.

second, the classification of prose

1. Narrative prose: mainly about writing notes. This kind of prose describes and depicts people and things in a concrete and prominent way, and at the same time expresses the author's understanding and feelings, and also has a strong lyrical element. It focuses on reflecting the essence of things by describing the development and change of people and time. For example, the 27 Hainan and Ningxia volumes Ye Shengtao in Sichuan are about Ye Shengtao, while the Chongqing volumes Farewell to the Three Gorges are about moving people and building dams, all of which contain deep feelings.

2. Scenery prose: This kind of prose expresses the author's love for this scene by describing the external natural scenery, or takes time as the clue, or takes space as the clue. Just grasp the characteristics of the scenery when reading. For example, Hainan Miscellaneous Memories, a national volume in 27, has both time clues and space clues, and talks about the great changes of Hainan Island in ancient and modern times. Another example is the reading of Shanghai Volume II, which talks about the beautiful scenery of Hangzhou.

3. Prose chanting things: This kind of prose often uses symbolic and analogy methods to put the author's thoughts in the external objects of the image, which is the truth of participating in life from the external images, and has universality and eternity, such as the fire in Liaoning, in which the fire symbolizes a kind of warmth and vitality, hope and courage.

Third, the basic steps of appreciation

1. Reading the meaning of the text (skimming)

When reading for the first time, try to find out the meaning, title, author, notes at the end of the text, writing time, beginning and end, etc. quickly and effectively. From these comprehensive information, you can roughly know what the article is talking about.

2. Read the structure (skimming)

On the second pass, we should purposefully find out the central sentence and summary sentence of each paragraph, which are usually located at the beginning or end of each paragraph (of course, some of them should be summarized by themselves), and also find out the transition sentences and clue sentences in the text. Generally speaking, the sentences that appear repeatedly in the text are.

3. Reading sentences (intensive reading)

As the ancients said, if you read a book a hundred times, you will see its meaning. That is to say, as long as you read it well, you will naturally understand its meaning without being interpreted. Of course, when reading, you must walk into the work. Creation is the author's narration of emotions, while appreciation is just the opposite. When reading prose, readers have to wear articles to get emotional; when climbing mountains, they are full of emotions; when watching the sea, they spill over the sea, gallop their imagination, expand their associations, and have an emotional sound with the author.

when reading for the third time, you should read carefully word by word according to the requirements of the topic, and read out the contents and emotions contained in the sentence.

Fourth, the idea of writing a question

1. Appreciation of sentences

Generally speaking, there are only three kinds of sentences asked:

① Sentences that contribute to the structure of the article.

② sentences that can reveal the center of the article.

③ Sentences with certain rhetorical devices.

The first type: Enter the 16th question of Jiangsu Volume "Wheat Day": "Although men no longer play with the sickle and waste their arms ... tiring days." What are the functions of these narratives from the structure of the full text? First of all, analyze the literal meaning of this sentence: emphasize the fatigue of the man in Maitian, and then look at the following, and write that the woman loves the man dearly. There is a sentence above, "The day of suffering is here", which shows that it echoes the above and paves the way for the following.

There is also the 14th question in Fujian Volume "Fallen Leaves Are Tired Butterflies": Connecting with the full text, point out the meaning of "fallen leaves" and its structural function. In this paper, deciduous leaves refer to the "I" who is wandering outside and misses my hometown and relatives; Second, it refers to the mother who died of aging after hard work all her life. From this, we can see that fallen leaves are the clue of this paper, which plays the role of organizing materials and running through the whole paper.

the second type: for example, the variation of fireworks in Sichuan Volume 17: The article uses "What flower can be more beautiful than such fireworks?" Please make a brief analysis of the full text. At the end of the article, this sentence should have the function of closing the full text and revealing the center. Therefore, it can be seen that this rhetorical question strongly expresses the author's desire to oppose war and love peace.

the third kind: rhetorical questions are used in the last kind, and rhetorical questions strengthen feelings. Another example is Jiangsu Volume "Wheat Day" 15: "There are bright red harvesters all the way, and they are screaming all the time. Where they pass, they leave a yellow and golden wheat flower, which exudes moist wheat straw fragrance." This sentence describes the scene of wheat harvest in Guanzhong, please analyze its expressive characteristics. The answers are as follows: (1) representative things of wheat and sky are selected and described from multiple angles of vision, hearing and smell; Using comparable rhetorical devices, language expression is full of charm. This question should consider all kinds of expressions including rhetoric.

When answering the rhetorical devices used in sentences, you should generally follow the following steps: first, make clear what method is used, then say what effect is achieved by using this method, and finally talk about what content is expressed in connection with specific sentences. The formula is: method+effect+content. For example, the answer in the title "Variation of Fireworks" (that is, the above title): This rhetorical question strongly expresses the author's desire to oppose war and love peace, and there is a title in Liang Yuchun's "Tears and Laughter" (adjusted by our school): "It is a harsh slogan under the fortress of our hearts". Let's talk about our understanding of this sentence. When answering questions, we must first clearly use metaphors and compare what to what. Here, we must understand the original meaning of "falling down" and its metaphorical meaning in the text, and then get the answer by connecting with the full text: "This article uses metaphors to vividly write out people's inner feelings: various factors in real life have made us helpless and have to admit our failure painfully."

From the answers to the above questions, it is not difficult to find that when we understand a sentence, we sometimes have to find out the meaning of the key words in the sentence. These keywords first make clear the meaning of this text, that is, the dictionary, and then connect the whole sentence with the thoughts and feelings of the whole text, such as the 21 questions in Shandong Volume "The Warmth of Lights"-the author finally said: "I am not afraid of the cold, but I am afraid that there is no light in this wilderness to call me back." How do you understand the profound meaning of this sentence in the text? When solving this problem, we should first grasp the dictionary meanings of "cold" and "wilderness", then understand their contextual meanings. Finally, we can know from the context that "cold" refers to the hardships of the external environment (life) and "wilderness" refers to the darkness of the state of mind, so it is not difficult to understand the author's point of view: the hardships of the external environment (life) are not terrible, and the terrible thing is that we cannot feel the true feelings and warmth.