Is the kingdom of Babylon dead now? Which country occupied it? Where is it now?

(1) the kingdom of Babylon. Slave city-states in southern Babylonia, Western Asia. Centered on the city of Babylon. In the 0/9th century BC, the Amorites founded the country here. History is called the Kingdom of Babylon (about BC 1894-BC 1595). The sixth king Hammurabi (about BC 1792-BC 1750) successively conquered other city-states, unified the two river basins, established a powerful centralized country, and became a typical slave country in ancient West Asia. Code of hammurabi is the first written code in ancient West Asia. Economy and culture are highly developed, especially mathematics and astronomy. Hammurabi gradually weakened after his death, and was destroyed by the Hittite kingdom in BC 1595. In 626 BC, a Babylonian tribe of Semitic nationality occupied Babylon and rebuilt a new kingdom of Babylon (626- 538 BC). Also known as the Kingdom of Chaldea. In 6 12 BC, it joined hands with Medea to destroy Assyria, covering most of the two river basins, Syria, Palestine and even northern Arabia. In the second half of the sixth century BC, the country became strong. King Nebuchadnezzar II launched many foreign wars and continued to expand. In 586 BC, he captured Jerusalem and destroyed the Jewish kingdom. Its territory includes most of the two major river basins of Syria and Palestine. Since then, coups have continued and the country has declined. It was destroyed by Persia in 538 BC.

The new kingdom of Babylon, also known as Chaldea, is located in the south of ancient Mesopotamia. Founded in 626 BC, it reached its peak under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II, and was finally destroyed by Persians in 539 BC.

build

In 630 BC, Nabopolassar, the leader of the Chaldeans, took advantage of the civil strife in the Assyrian Empire to launch an uprising against Assyrian rule. In 626 BC, a new Babylonian kingdom was established. Later, it formed an alliance with Medea in the northwest of the Iranian plateau and attacked the Assyrian Empire. Finally, Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, fell, and the Assyrian Empire perished in 6 12 BC.

Foreign sports

In 604 BC, Nebuchadnezzar II ascended the throne and began to attack Phoenicia and Palestine. Egypt, on the other hand, has ambitions in this area, forming alliances with Phoenician cities such as Tyre and Sidon and the Kingdom of Judah. Nebuchadnezzar II expanded his alliance with Mitis and married his princess.

Babylonian prisoners

In 590 BC, Egyptian Pharaoh Pushatik invaded Palestine, which made Nebuchadnezzar II invade Palestine in 587 BC and surround Jerusalem. After 18 months, Jerusalem finally fell in 586 BC due to famine and internal division. He ransacked the whole city of Jerusalem, demolished the walls, temples, palaces and houses, and ordered Zidekiah, king of Judah, to be brought to Babylon for public display, while all the residents in the city were taken into exile in Babylon, known as "Babylonian prisoners" in history.

The frightened King Itoba III of Tyre saluted Nebuchadnezzar II, while the foreign Jordan surrendered to Nebuchadnezzar II. At this point, the new Barents Kingdom became the overlord in the Middle East, and Egypt gave up its ambition to invade Palestine.

Urban development

During the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, the new kingdom of Babylon reached its peak, with relatively stable politics and great economic development. At this time, slavery has undergone great changes. Slaves can do business, rent the land of their owners or others, and sign contracts with freemen, but most of the benefits they get belong to their owners. This temple owns a lot of land and deals in commerce and handicrafts.

In terms of wall construction, Nebuchadnezzar II built Babylon into a fortress-like city, and the wall was so wide that even horse-drawn chariots could run on it. The city gates are all made of copper, relying on the Euphrates River as a moat to resist foreign enemies.

The city of Babylon was built very magnificently. It was not until 100 years later that Herodotus, a Greek historian known as the "father of history", came to Babylon and still called it the most magnificent city in the world.

For the sake of his wife Princess Medes, Nebuchadnezzar II was no longer homesick, so he built a garden full of exotic flowers and plants, and used a screw pump to continuously take water from the Euphrates River for irrigation. This garden looks like it is in the sky from a distance, so it is called the hanging garden. There is also a magnificent palace in which Nebuchadnezzar II and the Queen can enjoy the whole city. This hanging garden is famous all over the world and is praised by later generations as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Be destroyed

Belshazzar, the last king of the new Babylonian kingdom, clashed with the priests of Marduk Temple and tried to establish a new god. As a result, in 539 BC, when Cyrus II, king of Persia, invaded, the priests in the city of Babylon opened the gate and let the Persian army enter the city. As a result, the Persians captured the king and the new kingdom of Babylon perished.

List of new Babylonian kings

Nabopolassar from 625 BC to 605 BC.

Nebuchadnezzar II (604 BC-562 BC)

Amel-Marduk (Evil-Mero dach/ Amel-Marduk) from 562 BC to 560 BC.

Neriglissar/Nergal-sharezer (560-556 BC).

Nabonidus in 556 BC.

Belshazzar from 555 BC to 539 BC.