Environmental protection Sanjiang water tower poem recitation

Implement policies such as returning grazing to grassland, forbidding grazing and enclosure, and let the grassland recuperate; Implement ecological projects such as black soil beach management, artificial precipitation enhancement, wetland restoration, etc., and improve the water conservation capacity of ecological functional areas ... With the deepening of ecological protection and construction projects in Sanjiangyuan, the macro structure of the "China Water Tower" ecosystem has gradually developed in a benign direction, and Sanjiangyuan has gradually restored the scene of clear water and green mountains.

Defend 10 "China Water Tower".

Located in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region in Qinghai is the birthplace of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River. It is an important ecological barrier and water conservation area in China and even Asia, and is known as the "Water Tower of China".

Since the mid-20th century, due to the combined influence of climate change and human activities, the ecosystem here has been degraded in a large area, resulting in a serious ecological crisis. In August 2005, the state invested 7.5 billion yuan to start the implementation of the master plan for ecological protection and construction of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve, and started the emergency protection of the ecological environment of Sanjiangyuan.

"By the end of 20 14, the first phase of the ecological protection construction of Sanjiangyuan has been fully completed. The accumulated investment was 7710.2 million yuan, returning grazing to grassland was 847 1 10,000 mu, and 55,773 people were resettled. " Li Xiaonan, deputy director of Qinghai Development and Reform Commission and director of Sanjiangyuan Office, said.

"In order to solve the problems of ecological protection, the livelihood of farmers and herdsmen and the coordinated development of regions as a whole, through exploring the establishment of an ecological compensation mechanism, Qinghai has now determined the 1 1 ecological compensation policy." Li Xiaonan said.

Three rivers source reappears the scene of clear water and green mountains

1 1 years ago, as one of more than 10000 Sanjiang ecological immigrants, the family of Gengga South Street moved from Tsorima Village in Tanggula Mountain Town at the source of the Yangtze River to Changjiangyuan Village on the outskirts of Golmud, leaving the grassland where they lived for generations. Not long ago, 62-year-old Gengga Nanjie returned to his hometown after a long absence of 10.

"The grass is higher than before, and there are more wild animals such as wild donkeys and antelopes. After returning grazing to grassland, the grassland has indeed changed. " Gengga South Street said that seeing these changes, I really felt that it was worthwhile to "leave my hometown" at the beginning.

Wende Jiang Cuo, administrator of Longbao Wetland Nature Reserve in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, said: "The water is getting more and more year by year, and the wetland area is expanding year by year." More than a decade ago, there were only 20 black-necked cranes in the reserve, and now there are more than 200.

"The degradation trend of the ecosystem in the source area of Sanjiangyuan has been initially curbed, and the ecological status of key ecological construction projects has improved." Li Xiaonan said that after nearly 10 years' efforts, the area of lakes and wetlands in the source area of the Three Rivers has increased, and the biodiversity has been well protected. The number of birds such as black-necked cranes and spotted geese, as well as Tibetan wild donkeys and Tibetan gazelles in the monitoring area is increasing.

The Ecological Benefit Evaluation Report of the Ecological Protection and Construction Project (Phase I) of the Three Rivers Source Reserve in Qinghai Province completed by China Academy of Sciences and relevant departments in May this year shows that the grassland area of the Three Rivers Source increased by 123.7 square kilometers, the water body and wetland area increased by 279.85 square kilometers, and the desert ecosystem area decreased by 492.6 1 square kilometers.

At the same time, the water conservation capacity of forest and grass wetland ecosystem has also increased from 384.88 per year before the implementation of the project.

Dream green is a protracted war.

"The ecological achievements since the implementation of the first phase of the project can be summarized into three aspects: first, the trend of ecosystem degradation has been initially curbed; Second, the ecological situation of key ecological construction projects has improved; Third, the long-term and arduous nature of ecological construction is more prominent. " Liu Jiyuan, a researcher at the Institute of Geography, China Academy of Sciences, said that the implementation of the first phase of the project has gradually made the macro-structure of the ecosystem in this area develop in a benign direction, but it has not yet recovered to the level of the 1970s.

Li, a senior engineer of Qinghai Meteorological Bureau, said that the restoration of the ecosystem of the Three Rivers Source is a long-term process, which requires the combination of natural restoration and artificial engineering. Through human efforts, the process of ecological restoration can be accelerated, but the comprehensive restoration ultimately depends on the natural restoration of the ecosystem.

"The fundamental purpose of carrying out artificial rainfall, introducing wetland restoration technology research, and implementing engineering protection measures such as reducing livestock and increasing grass is to improve the natural resilience of ecosystems." Li said that although key ecological construction projects have improved the ecological situation, the ecological construction task of the Three Rivers Source is still very arduous.

In fact, the coverage area of the first-phase project of ecological protection and construction of the Three Rivers Source only accounts for about 40% of the total area of the Three Rivers Source. Most degraded and desertified grasslands have not been treated, and rodents, pests and poisonous weeds are still serious.

In June, 2065438+2004, the second phase project of Sanjiangyuan with a planned total investment of160.6 billion yuan was started, and the implementation area was increased from 152300 square kilometers in the first phase to 395000 square kilometers.

"The second phase project of Sanjiangyuan has three levels of improvement in the ecological protection mode: first, the ecological protection has been upgraded from the original emergency protection to normal and sustainable protection; The second is to upgrade from the original protection mode supported by engineering projects to the innovative protection of organizational forms and institutional mechanisms; Third, under the guidance of ecological civilization, the comprehensive experimental area will be upgraded from the original single environmental protection target protection to the overall protection of the environment, improvement of people's livelihood, and coordinated economic, social and cultural development. " Li Xiaonan said.

1 100 million cubic meters, increased to 408.95 cubic meters, and the water quality monitoring results of the main river sections all reached Class I and II standards.