The origin and evolution of Lin surname

Lin is the surname of 17 in China, especially in Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces. At present, the population surnamed Lin accounts for about 1.07% of the national population, and the total population exceeds130,000.

Lin's name and totem:

Lin, the meaning of Woods. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, seal script and regular script are basically the same. Just like two parallel trees, it is a word, and the combination of wood and wood means more trees. Trees are everywhere, leading to the convergence and aggregation of people or things. "The wood in the forest, the beauty in the forest, the wind will destroy it", which shows the power of the public from another side. The forest contains a mysterious cohesion and spirit. Lin's clan worships the primitive totem of the forest, and the family emblem formed eventually shows Lin's figure, which is called the common word of names and eventually forms the surname.

The origin and evolution of Lin surname;

There are three main sources of Lin surname of Han nationality: Zi surname, Ji surname and Cao surname.

Lin's ancestors can be traced back to the Yellow Emperor 5000 years ago. The direct ancestor is the ancestor of Shang Dynasty. At the end of Shang Dynasty, the sage Bi Gan was the ancestor of Lin. At the end of Shang Dynasty, the dynasty was chaotic, Shang Zhouwang was ignorant, and the regime was in jeopardy. Bi Gan, the son of Wushu, is Shang Zhouwang's uncle. He worshipped Shao Shi and remained loyal to the court. Bi Gan was found guilty of remonstrance and was killed. Later, people and clansmen fled and changed their surnames, including Wang and Sun. Bi Gan's wife, Chen, took refuge with her son in Changlin Mountain in the suburbs. Located in Qixian County in the north of Henan Province, Bi Gan's son Quan was born in Changlin Mountain. After the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the business, it was felt that the son of heaven was born in Lin, and his father was more loyal and unyielding than Gan, so he was named Lin, Mingjian, Boling and Shiyi, which is now Anping, Hebei. This is the most important branch of the Lin family, which has a history of more than 3000 years.

Ji Lin is also a descendant of the Yellow Emperor. The surname of Jilin can be divided into three branches: the first branch, Ji, the son of a concubine in the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was named after her by her descendants. Second, Zhou Pingwang's son is Ji Ling, king of Zhou Huan, and his illegitimate son Ji Kai is named after Wang Fu, so Lin Kai. Third, Wei Yi was the grandson of Sun in the Spring and Autumn Period and fell in love with Zi. The three branches of Jilin are all from Zhou Wenwang, and their history is over 2700 years.

Cao Lin is from Dongyi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the forest was a city in the country of Ju, and doctors in the country of Ju ate in the forest, so their descendants took the city as their surname. This Lin clan is weak and has never been heard from since, and may be submerged in the Lin clan named Ji.

Integration of foreign genes:

Like other surnames in China, since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Lin's surnames have been continuously fused with the genes of other ethnic groups. The main events are as follows: Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty changed An Hun's family who immigrated to Henan to Lin's family; In the Tang Dynasty, the ancestors of the She nationality, who took snakes as their totem, lived in Jianzhou, Fujian, where they lived with the Han nationality in the south. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jinnuzhen nationality changed its surname to Lin; Busa, the Eight Banners of Manchu in Qing Dynasty, and his surname changed to Lin. After living with the Han nationality for a long time, these ethnic minorities have integrated into the local Han nationality.

The distribution and migration of Lin surname in history;

In the pre-Qin period, Lin first lived in the area north of the Yellow River and east of Taihang Mountain. After entering the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Lin surname has spread to Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other places. Shandong is the first birthplace of Lin's surname. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Lin's surname got the best development in Shandong and formed the famous Jinan Lin's surname. In the subsequent Qin and Han dynasties, the Lin family in Jinan occupied the dominant position of the Lin family. During the Han, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the war in the north, the turmoil in the Central Plains and the chaos of regime change led the residents of the Central Plains to migrate everywhere. Lin has reached Sichuan in the southwest and Jiangsu and Zhejiang in the southeast. exist

There were about 790,000 Lin surnames in Ming Dynasty, accounting for 0.85% of the national population, and it was the 20th surname in Ming Dynasty. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the national population growth rate was 20%, and the forest population growth rate was slower than that of the whole country, with almost no growth. Fujian is still the province with the largest forest population, accounting for about 38% of the total forest population. The distribution in China is still concentrated in Fujian, Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces, among which the Lin family accounts for about 82% of the total population. Secondly, it is distributed in Jiangxi, Jiangsu and Guangxi provinces, with a concentration ratio of 10%. It can be seen that during the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the overall distribution pattern of Lin surname changed little, and the population mainly migrated from north to southwest. Fujian is still the gathering place of Lin's population.

Distribution and atlas of contemporary forest surnames;

The population of contemporary Lin surname has reached130,000, ranking 17, accounting for about 1.07% of the national population. In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population of Lin surname has increased from 790,000 to more than 14 million, and the population has increased by 18 times. The population growth rate of forest is much higher than that of the whole country. Since the Song Dynasty, the population growth rate of forest has been formed. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan Province provinces, accounting for 57% of the total forest population, followed by Zhejiang, Guangxi and Shandong provinces, with a concentration of 18%. The population of Lin surname in Fujian accounts for 23% of the total population, which is the most populous province. Fujian is still the gathering center of Lin's population.

Lin surname is one of the more common surnames distributed in the southeast coastal areas. In Fujian, Taiwan Province, Hainan, eastern Guangdong and coastal areas, Lin's surname generally accounts for more than 3% of the local population. Especially in Minnan and Taiwan Province provinces, the proportion exceeds 8%. The coverage area of this high proportion area accounts for about 4% of the total area of the country, and about 5 1% of the people surnamed Lin live there. In Guangxi, Guizhou, central and northern Guangdong, eastern Yunnan, southeastern Sichuan, southern Chongqing, most of Hunan, Jiangxi, most of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, eastern Shandong, eastern Hubei, eastern Inner Mongolia, most of Liaoning and western Heiji, the surname Lin generally accounts for 0.5%-3% of the local population, accounting for about 22.5% of the country's total area, and lives in about 39% of forests.

Traditional culture of forest;

Wang's counties are mainly Xihe, Nan 'an, Xiapi, Jin 'an and other places in Henan. Surnamed tang surnamed Lin mainly includes Jiulong, Shide, Jiumu and Xiaogan. The name "Jiu Mu" was coined by Lin Bu, a famous minister in the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Lin Bu was famous for his Confucian classics. He married three houses and gave birth to nine sons. These nine sons are all famous for their Confucian classics, and all the officials are called Zhou Mu. Because the state secretariat is also known as Zhou Mu, they are also known as Zhou Mu, and the nine brothers are known as "Jiumu". Father and son have been officials one after another, with distinguished generations, wide surnames and a long history. They are the leader in their hometown of Fujian, and they are called the "Nine Mulin Family".

Lin's important couplets have the following five pairs:

Kowloon School; A crane flies into the clouds.

Mei fengbiao; Lu, that bird.

Jinmenke; And Jing Gaofeng.

Ten deep trees and virtues; Dragon at the Gate of Kowloon.

Inspirational smoking ban, maintaining hatred for foreigners; Blood book for help, for the husband.

Family training: Lin Jiaxun was advocated by Lin Zexu, a famous Qing minister in modern times. Lin Zexu, a native of Minhou, Fujian, was a scholar of Jiaqing. During Daoguang's reign, he served as governor of Huguang, and smuggled opium effectively. Lin Zexu's family letters and instructions are full of the flavor of the times. He warned his descendants: "Don't worry about a little cigarette, and don't indulge in temporary cigarettes." It should be noted that the toxicity of this substance cannot reduce the consumption of alcohol. "With the feeling that' the higher the status, the more dangerous the life', he urged his wife to teach all philosophers to study hard and be careful." If you are in the world, you should rest carefully and step by step. ""If you are blind, you will never get a T.

From 755 to 79000, a total of 289 celebrities named Lin were collected, accounting for 0.64% of the total number of celebrities, ranking 28th among celebrity surnames. Lin's famous writers account for 0.85% of the total number of writers in China, ranking 23rd. The famous doctor Lin accounts for 0.62% of the total number of medical doctors in China, ranking 34th. Famous forest artists account for 1.07% of the total number of artists in China, ranking 20th.

Forest, which originated in the Central Plains, thrives in Shandong and Fujian and Taiwan. In the long history of more than 3,000 years, martyrs and celebrities have emerged in large numbers. The main figures are: doctor Lin, a disciple of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period, and doctor Yong He Lin Chu; Lin Hao, Prime Minister of the Warring States Period; Linzhi, Hou Pingji, literati Lin Luweng in the Western Han Dynasty; Secretariat of Xuzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty, King of Jin 'an County; Lin Bu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty; Southern Song Dynasty painter Lin Chun; Lin Hong, a poet and Lin Liang, a painter in the Ming Dynasty; Lin Chunpu, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, Lin Changyi, a writer, Lin Zexu, a politician, and Lin, the leader of the peasant uprising army in Taiwan Province Province, are famous for the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; President of the Republic of China Lin Sen; Marshal China Lin Biao, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Lin, aerodynamics expert Lin Tongji, anthropologist Lin, botanist, forensic doctor, painter Lin Fengmian, medical scientist Lin, gynecologist Lin, writers Lin Yutang and Lin Juefu.

Lin's blood type:

The blood type distribution of Lin's population is as follows: O type accounts for 38.4%, A type accounts for 28.5%, B type accounts for 25.8%, and AB type accounts for 7.3%.