Stress is also called stress. Is that correct?

Stress is also called stress in psychology. It has at least three different meanings.

First, stress is an event or environmental stimulus that makes people feel nervous. If you have a "stressful job", you will regard things that may bring tension as stress.

Second, stress refers to a physical and mental reaction. For example, someone said, "I want to take part in the speech contest, and I feel so stressed." Here he uses stress to illustrate his nervous state. Stress is his reaction to verbal events. This reaction consists of two parts. One is psychological component, including personal behavior, thinking and emotional subjective experience, which is called "feeling nervous"; The other is physiological components, including physical reactions such as rapid heartbeat, dry mouth, tight stomach and sweaty palms. These psychosomatic reactions are collectively called stress state.

The third type: stress is a process. This process includes stimuli, stress states and situations that cause stress. The so-called situation refers to the relationship between people and the environment. According to this statement, stress is not just a stimulus or reaction, but a process. In this process, the individual is an active actor and can change the influence of stimulus through behavioral, cognitive and emotional strategies. In the face of the same incident, everyone will experience different degrees of stress. This is because individuals have different interpretations of events and different coping styles.

Second, the formation of pressure.

The causes of psychological stress are very complicated, and we call these threatening or harmful events or environments that bring stress feelings as stressors. The stressors in life may exist in people themselves or in the environment. However, people's main stressor is people, and interpersonal relationship is the main source of stress.

Psychologists have analyzed various life events that lead to stress in their research, and put forward four types of stressors:

1. Social stressors: Social stressors mainly refer to situations and events that lead to changes in personal lifestyles and require people to adjust and adapt. Social stressors include changes in personal life and important events in social life. Changes in personal life often bring stress to people. The Life Change and Stress Scale compiled by psychologists Herman and Mi Zu Ki lists 43 life events that most people may experience. These life events are: widowhood, divorce, separation of husband and wife, imprisonment, death of immediate family members, injury, marriage, unemployment, remarriage, retirement, family illness, pregnancy, disharmony in sexual life, birth of new family members, job adjustment, change in economic situation, death of other relatives and friends, change in work industry, general family disputes, large loans, cancellation of mortgages or loans, change in work responsibilities, and children. Wife starts or stops working, starts or ends school education, changes living conditions, personal habits, conflicts with superiors, changes in working hours or conditions, relocation, transfer, changes in entertainment methods, changes in religious activities, changes in social activities, small mortgage loans, changes in sleeping habits, changes in living conditions of family members, changes in eating habits, vacations, major festivals, and minor violations of the law.

2. Psychological stressors: Psychological stressors refer to nervous information from people's minds. Such as psychological conflicts and setbacks, unrealistic expectations, premonitions, and stress and tension related to job responsibilities. The significant difference between psychological stressors and other types of stressors is that they come directly from people's minds and reflect psychological troubles. Stress events in life can be seen everywhere, but why are some people indifferent and others miserable? This is because people have different understandings of stress. If the threat of stress is exaggerated, it will create a self-verifying prophecy: I will fail, I can't cope. If this continues, there will be so-called long-term stress.

3. Physical stressors: Physical stressors refer to stimuli that directly stimulate the human body and cause mental and physical stress, including physical, chemical and biological stimuli. For example, too high or too low temperature, microorganisms, spoiled food, acid-base irritants, etc. This kind of stimulation is the main cause of physiological stress and physiological response to stress.

4. Cultural stressors: The most common source of cultural stressors is cultural migration, that is, moving from one language environment or cultural background to another language environment or cultural background, which makes people face brand-new living environment, strange customs and different lifestyles, thus generating pressure. If you don't change old habits and don't adapt to new changes, you will often have bad psychological reactions. For example, studying abroad or emigrating will find it difficult to adapt and communicate in a foreign cultural background if they lack psychological preparation for environmental changes and a certain level of foreign language.