Football,

The earliest rules of football

1. The site area is 150 yards long and 100 yards wide. On each sideline, 25 yards from the finish line, there are two sign posts respectively.

The goal consists of two vertical posts, which are 10 feet apart.

3. Choose the target or tee off with coins.

4. After the first half of the game, change the venue.

5. When a player kicks the ball, when any player on the same team stands in front of the ball and is closer to the opponent's end line than the other team, he shall not take part in the game to touch the ball, nor shall he hinder other players from touching the ball in any way.

6. When the ball kicked out of the sideline, it was a dead ball, and the opponent kicked the ball directly into the court at the out-of-bounds place to resume the game.

7. When a team kicks the ball out of the opponent's end line, any player who gets the ball first can serve a free kick 25 yards from the vertical end line.

8. When kicking off, players should not touch the ball behind the opponent's end line.

9. If the ball falls behind the end line and exceeds the sideline mark, the free kick should be served 25 yards from the end line.

10. When a player kicks a free kick, the player of the same team shall not stand between him and the opposing team, and the opposing team shall not stand within 10 yards from him.

1 1. Players can kick free kicks in any way.

12. If the ball passes between the poles, or passes infinitely high above the poles, you win a goal.

13. In the game, you can touch the ball with any part of your body, but you are not allowed to hold the ball or hit the ball with your hands, arms or shoulders.

14. All impacts are fair and legal, but it is forbidden to hug, push, trip or make noise with your feet.

This set of formal original rules was published by the president of the English Football Association in BELIS LIFE magazine. Three years later, the Football Association increased the goal height by 6 yards and the width by 8 yards, and pulled a rope between the two columns as the goal height.

1 1 football rules for people

Introduction of football competition venues

(1) Stadium

1, the court area must abide by the rules. According to FIFA, the venue of the World Cup finals is105m long and 68m wide. The venue of domestic grass-roots competitions can be adapted to local conditions, but in any case, the length of sideline must be greater than the length of goal line, and the area of each area in the venue shall not be changed.

2. The ground of the court must be flat and soft, with the principle of not hurting athletes and not affecting the normal operation of the ball. The FIFA World Cup Organizing Committee has instructed that the World Cup should not be held on artificial turf.

(2) Boundary line

1. All lines of the stadium must be flush with the ground, and V-shaped grooves or convex lines are not allowed to be made on the ground. The color of the lines should be clear. It is better to use lime powder or mortar to mark the land layer and hydrated lime powder to mark the natural turf layer instead of quicklime powder or mortar. In order to prevent the rain from washing away, you can also draw lines with white paint, but it is not allowed to use grooves filled with wooden strips, bricks or broken tiles as boundaries.

2. The width of each line in the site shall not exceed 12 cm (generally 12 cm is appropriate). The width of sideline and goal line should be included in the field area, and the width of other lines should also be included in the area. The goal area and penalty area should be measured from the inside of the goal post and the outside of the goal line. The width of the goal line must be equal to the width of the goal post.

(3) sideline and goal line

1. The football field delineated by the sideline and the goal line is the basic activity area of the players in the football match. After the game starts, players and other personnel are not allowed to enter the stadium without the permission of the referee.

2. When the whole ball crosses the sideline or goal line outside the goal from the ground or in the air, it is a dead ball, and the game is restarted by throwing a foul ball, kicking a goal ball or a corner kick.

3. The goal line between goals is the standard line to judge whether the ball enters the door. Only when the whole ball crosses the line in the goal from the ground or the air can the ball enter the door.

4. When penalty kick is executed, the defending goalkeeper should stand on the goal line between goals.

5. When kicking an indirect free kick in the opponent's penalty area, if the distance between the goals is less than 9.15m, the defender is allowed to stand on the goal line.

(4) Central line

1. The center line divides the whole site into two equal halves, and the width of the center line should be included in the area of each half.

2. At the kick-off, both players must stand in their own half (defenders are not allowed to enter the middle circle). When the referee blows the whistle, the ball is kicked forward and the game begins. At this time, players from both sides can enter the other half.

3. The player didn't foul offside in his own half.

(5) Target area

1, you can kick the goal ball and your own free kick at any point in the goal area.

When the ball is in the goal area, the referee orders the game to stop. If the game is resumed by dropping the ball, the ball should be dropped on the goal line closest to the position where the ball was when the game stopped, and parallel to the goal line.

3. When kicking an indirect free kick in the opponent's goal area, it should be executed on the goal area line closest to the foul place and equal to the goal line.

(6) Forbidden area

1, the goalkeeper can touch the ball with his hand in his own restricted area.

2. When a player violates any of the ten fouls that can be judged as direct free kicks in his own restricted area, he shall be awarded a penalty.

3. When kicking a goal or a free kick in our penalty area:

(1) The opponent should leave the penalty area.

(2) The ball must be kicked out of the penalty area directly before the game can be resumed.

4. When a penalty is awarded, all players must be in the penalty area, outside the penalty arc and behind the penalty spot except the referee and the opposing goalkeeper; When the ball is kicked out and moves forward, the game starts again, and then the player can enter the penalty area.

(7) Corner arc

When kicking a corner kick, the ball must be placed in the corner arc.

(8) Deduction points

When taking a penalty, the ball must be placed at the penalty spot. When the penalty spot is blurred due to heavy rain, the referee will determine the position of the penalty spot.

(9) Midpoint

The midpoint of the midline is usually called the tee point. When kicking off, the ball must be placed at this point.

(10) middle circle

When kicking off, the defender must stand in his own half outside the middle circle. This is the same as when kicking a free kick, the defender must stand at least 9. 15 meters away from the ball, and its role is to ensure that the attacker is not hindered by the other side when kicking the ball.

(1 1) free throw arc

When awarding a penalty, all players except the referee and the opposing goalkeeper must be in the penalty area, outside the penalty arc and behind the penalty spot; When the ball is kicked out and moves forward, the game starts again, and then the player can enter the free throw arc.

(12) Horn Flag

1. The corner flag is a sign around the field and should be perpendicular to the intersection of the sideline and the outer edge of the goal line.

2. The height of the corner flagpole (from the top of the pole to the ground) shall not be less than 1.50m, and the top of the pole shall be flat to avoid stabbing the players. The color of the corner flag should be obviously different from that of the flag and venue used by the assistant referee. When the lights are used in the game at night, you can use the white flag. Corner flags can be made of cloth or silk, and the specifications are generally 30cm× 40cm.

(13) central line flag

At least 1 m away from the boundary lines at both ends of the center line, a center line flag with the same size as the corner flag can be erected as the symbol of the center line. Conducive to judging offside.

(14) Objectives

The goal of the competition field should be fixed, and the width and thickness of the post and beam should be the same. The target color must be white.

(15) goal net

1. The goal net is used to help the referee see if the ball has entered the goal. Therefore, the goal net can only be hung behind the goal, firmly attached to the goal beam and column, and the lower end is nailed to the ground to prevent the ball from passing through. Hooks shall not be nailed to the side of the doorpost or the lower edge of the beam.

2, the goal net should be properly propped up, so that the goalkeeper has sufficient room for activities, and the ball will not pop up after entering the net. Generally, the method of pulling up the net with a rope from behind the goal is adopted.

(16) Around the construction site

1. According to the requirements of competition organization, a photographer's limit line can be drawn outside the goal line (generally 2 meters outside the corner flag, 3.5 meters outside the intersection of the six-zone line and the goal line, and 6 meters outside the goal post), and the photographer should be behind this line. If there is a billboard in the back.

2. The seat of the fourth official is located on the extension line near the center line outside the venue; The seats of the substitute players are located about 10 meters on both sides of the seat of the fourth official. The coach, substitutes and staff of each team should be on the bench. The number of substitute seats is determined according to the requirements of the competition organization. At present, it is determined to be 14 in China.

3. Technical field. The word "technical area" has been mentioned in Article 2 of the Resolution of the International Football Council in Chapter 3 of the Rules of Football Competition, and there are seats for team technicians and substitutes in this area.

The size and location of the technical area can be adjusted according to the site conditions. The following are general instructions for setting up technical areas:

(1) The technical area is the area outside the bench 1 m and within the sideline 1 m..

(2) It is suggested to use a marker line to define this area.

(3) The number of people in the technical area shall be stipulated by the competition rules.

(4) According to the competition regulations, the technical personnel should confirm before the competition.

(5) Only one person is allowed to conduct tactical command in the technical area at a time, and should return to the bench immediately after the command is completed.

(6) Coaches and other officials must be in the limited technical area, unless there are special circumstances, such as when physiotherapists or team doctors get permission from the referee to visit injured players.

(7) Coaches and other personnel in the technical area must be responsible for their own actions.

(17) Inspect the site.

The referee should check the playing field carefully. Before the start of the game and during the intermission, the blurred boundaries (especially those close to the goal) should be redrawn by the relevant personnel. If the site is muddy and the boundary is unclear due to rain and snow, 10 flags can be inserted at the designated position around the site, and the distance between the flags and the boundary is 1 m. The specifications of the flag are the same as those of the corner flag, so as to help the referee make a judgment.

FIFA Rules Group Resolution

(1) The maximum area of an international competition venue is: length110m, width 64m.

(2) Football associations in various countries must arrange stadiums in strict accordance with the prescribed areas. When holding an international competition, the national football association of the visiting team must be informed of the venue and stadium area before the competition.

(3) The Rules Group of the International Football Association agrees that the English and metric systems used in the rules are as follows:

One hundred and thirty yards ... one hundred and twenty meters.

120 yards ... 110 meters.

110 yards ... 100 meters.

One hundred yards, ............., ninety meters.

Eighty yards, 75 meters in .............

Seventy yards, ............., 64 meters.

Fifty yards, 45 meters in ..............

Eighteen yards ... sixteen meters and fifty centimeters.

Twelve yards, eleven meters in ...............

Ten yards ... nine meters and fifteen centimeters.

Eight yards ...............................................................................................................................................................................

Six yards ... five meters and fifty centimeters.

One yard in .............. and one meter.

Eight feet ... two meters and forty-four centimeters.

Five feet ... one meter and fifty centimeters.

Twenty-eight inches ... seventy-one centimeters.

27 inches ... 68 centimeters.

Five inches ... twelve centimeters.

Three quarters of an inch ... 1.9 cm.

Half an inch ... 1.27 cm.

Three eighths of an inch ... a centimeter.

(4) The width of the terminal line should be the same as the thickness of the doorpost and the cross beam, so the width of the line inside and outside the doorpost should be the same.

(5) In order to draw the goal area and penalty area, the distance between six yards and eighteen yards measured on the end line must be measured from the inside of the goal post.

(6) The area of the stadium, including the width of the boundaries of various areas in the stadium.

(7) Standard equipment should be provided for all competitions, especially international competitions, according to football rules, and special attention should be paid to the perimeter of the ball and other facilities. If there is substandard equipment, it must be reported to FIFA.

(8) If the crossbar trapped in a game falls off or breaks, according to the rules of the game, the game should be stopped immediately or even cancelled, unless the crossbar has been put back to its original position or the newly installed crossbar is no longer dangerous to the players. You can't use a rope instead of a crossbar. In a friendship match, with the consent of both sides, a goal without a fence can be used to continue the game, but the bad fence should be removed to avoid danger to the players. In this case, a rope can be used instead of a crossbar. If no rope is used, all the balls will cross the finish line between the goalposts. If the referee thinks they passed under the beam, he should be awarded the winning goal. When the game stops, the referee should throw the ball where it is and continue the game.

(9) Football associations of various countries may, within the scope stipulated in Chapter I of these Rules, make appropriate provisions on the maximum and minimum thickness and width of cross bars and doorposts.

(10) The goalposts and crossbars must be made of wood, metal or materials approved by FIFA Rules Group from time to time. Its shape can be square, rectangle, circle, semicircle or ellipse. Don't use other materials to make doorposts and crossbars into other shapes.

(1 1) Before the international competition, a "preliminaries" will be inserted. On the day of the competition, the representatives of the associations of the two countries and the referees of international competitions should make a decision by examining the situation of the venue at that time.

(12) The National Football Association, especially the association that holds international competitions, must limit the number of photographers and draw a line at least two meters long at a distance of not more than ten meters from the goal line, which is roughly the same as the corner flagpole. Photographers should be prohibited from crossing this line and using flashlights.

Materials and standards of football

The ball is round and made of leather or other suitable materials. The circumference of a sphere shall not exceed 70 cm (28 inches) and shall not be less than 68 cm (27 inches). At the beginning of the game, the weight of the ball shall not exceed 450g (16 oz) and shall not be less than 4 10/0g (14 oz). The pressure of the ball is 0.6 to 1. 1 atmospheric pressure at sea level (600g to1100g per square centimeter = 8.5 lbs to 15.6 lbs per square inch). Replace the substandard ball if the ball is broken or substandard during the game: stop the game.

Exercise method

Modern football

Modern football was first produced in Britain in the19th century. As mankind entered the 20th century, so did football. Whether it is the legendary head portrait of the enemy on the battlefield or the fact that ten thousand people play a football together between the two cities, it has become a thing of the past. Modern football is about to begin, and has gradually formed a professional league.

1903, Belgium, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Spain and other countries discussed the establishment of an international football organization, but Britain, as the birthplace of football, was not enthusiastic. However, football began to spread in Europe and America. In Italy, British immigrants established the Genoa team as early as 1893, 1899, and the British and Italians jointly established today's Hulk-AC Milan, 1899. Italy also founded the Federal Championship, which won six times in Genoa in the previous seven sessions, and AC Milan/KOOC-0/90/KOOC-0/won the championship.

In South America, football was also brought here by British sailor and immigrant Thomas. Sir Lipton founded the Lipton Cup, which became a competition between Uruguay and Argentina on both sides of the La Plata River.

At present, the most famous football leagues are the five major leagues in Europe (Serie A). Premier League, La Liga, Bundesliga, Ligue 1)

American football

American football or American football originated from rugby and is a kind of rugby. Rugby was introduced from England to America. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, a game similar to football was often held in the eastern part of the United States, in which players could score points by kicking the ball over the opponent's scoring line. There are as many as 30 players on the team, sometimes more. Because this kind of American FOOTBALL was originally only allowed to kick with feet, it was named football, which means football. It is still in use today, and some people call it American football.

After football was introduced to America, people changed the rules, including passing the ball forward. Because physical collisions often occur with opposing players in the game, players need to wear protective clothing and helmets to play.

American football is a popular competitive sport in America. The purpose of this sport is to bring the ball to the opponent's "touchdown zone" and score points, mainly by holding or throwing the ball. There are many ways to score, including holding the ball across the baseline, throwing the ball to a teammate behind the baseline, or kicking the ball directly on the ground between two goalposts. This is also called shooting. At the end of the game, the team that scored more points won.

American football was first started by students of Harvard University with a ball game called "-",the purpose of which was to run past opponents with the ball. After the American Civil War, American football became popular in universities. Rutgers College and Princeton University played the first college football game in history on 1869. At first, this sport was similar to soccer, but Yale University coach Kemp (-{Walter Camp}-) improved it to be closer to football. Due to the violent physical collision in the game, it is reported that some players died in the game. President theodore roosevelt ordered a change in the rules of the game, but this did not lead to the demise of the sport.

Street football

Street football and street football originated in Brazil and Europe. After a long period of accumulation and evolution, the street foot has become a unique street culture composed of one-on-one fighting, three-on-three cage competition, fancy fs performance, street dance, street music and other elements. Because Street Footprint has created unlimited freedom and imagination space for limbs and thoughts, it has been enthusiastically sought after by teenagers. It transcends race and national boundaries and is popular all over the world.

Offensive football

Offensive football refers to the tactical play in football matches. Offensive football is a relatively large defensive range, often forcibly grabbing, encircling and grabbing the opponent's half court, so it can always form a situation of suppression.

Competition in China

After the founding of New China, football developed gradually. 195 1 year, held the 1 National Football Invitational Tournament, with 8 teams from 6 administrative regions, the People's Liberation Army and the Railway, and selected and announced the first batch of 30 national players in China, who are the backbone of China football for more than 30 years. 1953 and 1954 successively held national football leagues and began to develop national competitions. After 1954, various provinces and cities set up football teams one after another, national youth teams went to Hungary to study, and invited Hungarian and Soviet coaches to coach in China or hold coaching training courses. All these have laid a foundation and created conditions for holding first-class leagues.

international incident

World Cup

The F.I.F.A World Cup, referred to as the World Cup for short, is a worldwide football competition under the unified leadership and organization of the International Football Federation. Each competition lasts for three years from the preliminaries to the finals, with nearly 100 countries participating in the preliminaries. It is the largest, most influential and highest-level football match in the world, and it is also the most concerned sports event in the world.

Introduction of previous world cup champions

In which years did you win the championship, the second place and the third place?

Uruguay Argentina

2 1934 Italy Italy Czech West Germany

3 1938 France Italy Hungary Brazil

4 1950 Brazil Uruguay Brazil Sweden

5 1954 Switzerland, West Germany, Hungary and Austria

6 1958 Sweden Brazil Sweden France

7 1962 Chile Brazil Czech Chile

8 1966 England England West Germany Portugal

9 1970 Mexico Brazil Italy West Germany

West Germany Netherlands Poland 10

1 1 1978 Argentina

12 1982 Spain Italy west Germany Poland

13 1986 Mexico Argentina West Germany France

14 1990 Italy west Germany Argentina Italy

USA, Brazil, Italy and Sweden

France France Brazil Croatia

17 2002 Japan, Korea, Brazil, Germany and Turkey

18 2006 Germany Italy France Germany

European Cup

1953, FIFA approved the holding of the European League at its special congress held in Paris. 1954, in June, UEFA was established. The following year, the European Champions Club Cup League was held, 1956, and the European national team was prepared to participate in the competition. Two years later, the first European Nations Cup (predecessor of the European Cup) qualifiers began. In 2004, the final of the 12 European Cup was hosted by Portugal. Portugal, the host team led by the golden generation, lost to Greece, the big black horse in this cup, and went home with a lot of grievances. Greece won the championship for the first time.

America's cup

The America's Cup was born in 19 16, which is the oldest football match in the United States and even in the world. This is the centenary of Argentina's independence. At the initiative of then Argentine President Irigoyen, the Cup was established. The America's Cup is the highest level competition in South America, with 65,438+00 strongest national teams participating. This game is sponsored by the South American Football Association. At first, it was held once a year. After 27 years, it will be held irregularly. To 1959, held every four years. By 200 1, the America's Cup has been held for 40 times. The best teams in history are/kloc-Argentina and Uruguay, which won the Copa America four times. Uruguay and Brazil remained unbeaten in the Copa America held at home. Among them, Uruguay hosted 8 times and won the championship 8 times; Brazil held four games and won the championship four times.

African nations cup

The African Nations Cup is the highest standard competition in the field of African football, which is held by the African Football Association every two years. The Africa Cup of Nations 1968 officially started, which was held irregularly before.

From 65438 to 0957, only three countries participated in the first Africa Cup, namely Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia. As all African countries participated, they qualified for the qualifying tournament. There are 16 seats in the last week.

asian cup

The competition organized by the Asian Football Federation is held every four years with the participation of Asian national teams.

Football term

Terms of curveball football. Kicking technique of guiding the ball to run in an arc. In the running of football, because of the strong rotation, the air on both sides is different. Because the ball runs in an arc, it is commonly known as "banana ball". When kicking a curveball, the part where the foot touches the ball should deviate from the center of gravity of the ball. Often used to bypass the defender in the middle of the passing route, or confuse the goalkeeper when shooting, making him make a wrong judgment. When a direct free kick is penalized, curveball shooting is an important way to score.

Terms of diving football. The difficult skill of the goalkeeper to save the ball. Kick hard with one foot on the same side of the ball, bend your knees and swing your other leg to make your body jump out of the air and save the ball. Because it jumps sideways, it increases the control range, so it can save the ball that is difficult to save with other actions.

Another name for a defender who undertakes a specific defensive task in a football match. 1966 The 8th World Football Championship was named after arranging a player to strengthen defense behind the back line under the influence of the tactical idea of "persisting in steady attack". The player's duty is to defend only without attacking, perform a single defensive task to make up the position, and "clear" the ball in front of his own goal.

Another name for the trailing centre-back in the "1333" formation in the free football match. There is no fixed defender in defense, so you can flexibly fill the position to save the danger, so that other players, especially the three guards, have no worries when marking people. It is the development of the scavenger's kicking method, which is not only a defense, but also an opportunity to insert into the offensive front. As a "free man" according to the requirements of duties, the players have comprehensive skills, strong tactical awareness and rich competition experience, which is the core of organization, command and defense.

One of the offensive and defensive tactics of football. A team with 10 players, except the goalkeeper, is called "all football". According to the needs of attack and defense in the game, each player can play the role of a player at any position. This tactic breaks the shackles of formation on players and can fully mobilize and give play to the enthusiasm of players. At the same time, it also puts forward higher requirements for players' physical quality, technology, tactics and will quality, and fighting style. This style of play appeared in the 10 World Football Championship in10, 974, and was hailed as the third revolution in the history of international football.

One of the attacking tactics of football in the bottom pass. Refers to the tactical method of pushing the ball near the opponent's end line and then passing it to the opponent's goal through individual dribbling or collective cooperation in sideline attack. In the rapid advance, the attacker often uses the advantage of the other defense line to outflank in order to score goals under the unstable position.

Peripheral passing is also called "45-angle passing". One of the offensive tactics of football. When the attacking player gets the ball near the sideline at an angle of about 45 with the opponent's goal, he passes the ball to his partner near the opponent's restricted area with a long pass, so that the partner can attack continuously with a header, which is called "peripheral pass". Especially when the defender has returned to the defense in time, and the road leading to the opponent's goal has been blocked in the area 30-40 meters in front of the goal, or the attacker has a tall striker with strong ability to fight for the top, this kind of play can achieve good results.

Tactical terms of cross-transposition football. In order to get rid of the opponent's defense, the attacker changed his position left and right during running. The most common ones are: the left player sprints to the right player to catch the ball, and the right player passes the ball to the left position. This tactical cooperation has changed the way players play football only in their own positions, making the tactics more changeable.

Long pass is one of the offensive tactics to break through football. Tactical methods to break through the opponent's defense by using long-distance passing. In contemporary football matches, it is often used for quick counterattack. Defender steals the ball in front of his own goal, taking advantage of the opportunity when the opponent failed to return to the defense, passed it to his partner to break through the opponent's defense before the attack.

Insert one of the offensive tactics of attacking football. Refers to the avant-garde and defender players who are located in the second and third lines and insert the first line to participate in the attack. Because of the deep distance, it is easy to get rid of the opponent's defense, and the insertion of second-and third-line players is hidden and sudden. Therefore, it is more threatening. It is an important symbol of all-attack and all-defense tactics that the defender inserts into the forward line and directly participates in the attack.

One of the defensive tactics of regional defensive football. Each player divides a certain defensive area according to his position, and within a limited range, he mainly adopts the defensive mode of standing position instead of pressing people to stare at people. This makes it easier for the attacking team to pass and catch the ball, and it is more difficult to defend when there are more than two attacking players in the same area. This defensive tactic is passive and can't meet the needs of football development, so it is rarely used now.

Tactical terms of auxiliary football. A cooperative method of collective defense in competition. Refers to a defender. When one player is broken by an opponent, another player blocks. Complementarity between the two is the basis of collective defense cooperation. Keeping a proper distance and angle between defenders is the premise of making up positions in time. In the past, it mainly refers to the cooperation of the defensive side in defense. Contemporary football adopts total football's tactics, and the content of supplementary position has also developed accordingly. In an attack, the exchange of positions between the players who are forwards and defenders has also become one of the important contents of position replacement, which puts forward higher requirements for the technical and tactical awareness of position replacement players.

One of the defensive tactics of intensive defense. The area 30 meters in front of the goal is usually called "danger zone". In the game, in order to stabilize the defense, both sides often organize a considerable number of people to guard this area and form a dense state, so as to strengthen the protection, narrow the gap and block the breakthrough of the other side. This is the so-called dense defense tactics.

Offside is a defensive tactic. According to the rules: when the attacker receives the ball, if there are less than two defenders between the opposing end lines, it is offside. Using this rule, the defender suddenly runs forward when the opponent's player touches the ball, resulting in the situation that there is a defender between the opponent's receiver and his own end line, which makes the opponent offside foul.

Anti-offside tactics This is an offensive tactic aimed at the opponent's "offside" tactics. When the attacking player realizes that the defender is sabotaging his attack by creating offside tactics, he should change the passing direction in time, let the player behind him insert the ball or directly take the ball to push the shot quickly, thus making the opponent fall behind.

Fence tactics are also called human wall tactics. In the dangerous area in front of your house, when the opponent takes a free kick, several defenders line up side by side as a "human wall" to help the goalkeeper block some angles of the opponent's shot.

A passing tactic in attacking against the wall, that is, two people pass one person, two people pass everything, and the passer who catches the ball passes the ball once, so that the ball passed by the passer seems to hit the wall, thus speeding up the passing speed, hence the name.