Causes and prevention measures of frequent geological disasters in southwest China

Geological disasters occur frequently in southwest China, which are caused by both natural and human factors. First of all, the southwest region is at the junction of plates, with active crust, frequent earthquakes and broken rocks; Mountain terrain, big ups and downs, big gravity; Monsoon climate, concentrated precipitation, summer rainstorm. Man-made reasons are mainly to prevent and protect weak, densely populated and unreasonable development activities.

Governance measures: strengthening monitoring and forecasting; Formulate emergency plans; Strengthen education and raise awareness of prevention; Take engineering measures to reinforce rocks and protect slopes; Planting trees and grass to improve vegetation coverage; Ecological migration; Regularly publicize, explain and drill to improve the self-help ability of the people in geological disaster areas.

After many adjustments, the southwest region formed a stable pattern until 1955: Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet were collectively called "the four southwestern provinces (regions)"; 1997 re-established Chongqing municipality directly under the central government and partially adjusted the zoning pattern of four provinces and one district. After that, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet were collectively called "five southwest provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities)". The southwest region under the concept of natural zoning mainly includes Bashu Basin, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and hilly areas in western Guangdong and Guangxi, and generally includes Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet.