On the obstacles to social adaptation

adjustment disorder's clinical features: generally speaking, under the circumstances of environmental change (such as immigration), status change (new job), unexpected events (illness, divorce, widowhood), individuals can't adapt to the new situation, resulting in psychological disorder, which is mainly manifested as emotional disorder, and can also be accompanied by behavioral disorder or physiological dysfunction. Emotional disorder is common in adults, while conduct disorder is common in adolescents. In children, it can show degeneration, such as bed wetting, childish words or thumb sucking. Symptoms usually appear within one month after stress events or life changes. Patients generally have personality defects, and the duration of psychological disorders is less than half a year. Clinically, there are the following manifestations:

(1) adjustment disorder, who is characterized by emotional disorder, is more common in depressed people, showing depression, frustration, disappointment, and loss of interest in everything, as well as nervousness, distraction, palpitation, and poor breathing.

(2) Adaptation disorder characterized by conduct disorder: it is more common in teenagers, and it is manifested as behaviors that infringe others' rights or violate social moral norms, such as truancy, fighting, vandalism, lying, drug abuse, alcoholism, drug abuse, running away from home, and premature sexual behavior.

(3) Adaptation disorder characterized by physical discomfort: the patient may have pain (head, back or other parts), gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea) or other discomfort, but no specific disease is found in the body after examination, and the symptoms last for less than half a year.

(4) The obvious adaptation obstacle is the decline of work and study ability: the patient used to have good work and study ability, but his work ability declined and he had difficulty in learning.

(5) Social withdrawal is the main adaptation disorder: patients are mainly social withdrawal, such as unwilling to participate in social activities, unwilling to go to school or work, often staying at home behind closed doors, but not accompanied by depression or anxiety.

adjustment disorder's therapeutic principles:

(1) Psychotherapy: as the main therapeutic method, supportive psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, mental catharsis therapy, etc. can be used, and psychological consultation should be conducted regularly when necessary.

(2) medication: antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs can be used as appropriate for those with obvious depression and anxiety.