The reasons why Shaanxi people moved to Shandong.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan government used troops year after year to carry out ethnic oppression at home. Coupled with the continuous floods, droughts and famines in the Huanghuai Valley, it finally aroused the Red Scarf Army uprising that lasted for more than ten years. The Yuan government brutally suppressed, and desperate wars for territory and land occurred from time to time. Nine times out of ten people in Huaibei, Shandong, Hebei and Henan were killed. The wounds of the war at the end of the Yuan Dynasty were not healed, and the "Battle of Jingnan" followed in the early Ming Dynasty. Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui and other places have suffered greatly, and almost all of them are uninhabited. During the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty, Shanxi, which was ruled by the Mongolian landlord Chahan timur and his son, was a different scene. It is relatively stable, good weather and good harvest every year. Compared with neighboring provinces, Shanxi has a prosperous economy and a rich population. And a large number of refugees from other provinces also flowed into Shanxi, making Shanxi a densely populated area. After the Ming Dynasty destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to consolidate the new regime and develop the economy, eight large-scale immigration activities were organized during the fifty years from the early years of Hongwu to the fifteenth year of Yongle.

Jinnan is a densely populated place in Shanxi, and Hongdong was the largest and most populous county in Jinnan at that time. According to records, there was a Guangji Temple on the west side of Jia Cun, two miles north of Hongdong in Ming Dynasty. This temple is magnificent, with many monks and pilgrims. There is a "tree surrounded by mu of shade" next to the temple, and the avenue of chariots and horses passes through the shade. The old harriers on Fenhe beach nest in the trees and are scattered all over the floor, which is very spectacular. The Ming government set up a bureau in Guangji Temple to concentrate immigrants, and the locust tree became a gathering place for immigrants.

In late autumn, the locust tree leaves, and the old crow's nest is very eye-catching. When the immigrants left, they stared at the tall ancient locust tree, and the old harrier who lived among the branches kept moaning, which made the immigrants who had left their hometown burst into tears and could not bear to leave. Finally, they can only see the old crane nest on the big locust tree. To this end, the big locust tree and the old crane nest have become symbols for immigrants to bid farewell to their hometown. "Ask me where my ancestors came from, Shanxi Hong Tong Sophora japonica. What is the name of the hometown of ancestral home, the old man's nest under the big locust tree. " For hundreds of years, this folk song has been widely circulated in many areas of our country. According to the villagers in my hometown, it was at that time that our village moved out of the big locust tree to enrich the northern border defense, and the genealogy of the village was also remembered from that time. )

In the early Ming Dynasty, the immigrants from Hongdong and other places in Shanxi mainly distributed in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Beijing, Anhui, Jiangsu and Hubei, and a few moved to Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia. Immigrants who moved from Shanxi to the above places later moved to Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Xinjiang and northeast provinces. It is rare to have organized large-scale migration for such a long time in the history of our country, and it is only a case that people on one side are scattered around. Although the Ming government carried out the policy of resettling wasteland to revitalize agriculture, its purpose was to consolidate the rule of feudal dynasty, but it objectively eased social contradictions, mobilized farmers' enthusiasm for production, gradually restored agricultural production, consolidated border defense and maintained social stability.