What are the characteristics of Sichuan Opera?

Scope: Sichuan Opera is not limited to Sichuan. Introduction: Sichuan Opera is a bright pearl in the treasure house of China Opera. It has a long history and has preserved many excellent traditional plays, rich music and exquisite performing arts. It is a folk art loved by people in southwest provinces such as Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. In the aspect of opera vocal cavity, Sichuan opera is composed of four major vocal cavities: high cavity, Kunqu cavity, Huqin cavity and weak cavity, plus a folk lantern opera in this province. These five categories, except Lantern Opera, were introduced to Sichuan in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.

Sichuan opera is a major feature of Sichuan culture. Chengdu is the hometown of drama. As early as the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying that "Shu Opera was the best in the world". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, on the basis of the local car light drama, the voices of Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places were absorbed and integrated, and a "Sichuan Opera" sung in Sichuan dialect was formed, with five parts: tenor, huqin, Kunqu opera, lantern and Tanxi. Among them, Sichuan opera is the main singing form of Sichuan opera with rich tunes, beautiful singing and the most local characteristics. The auxiliary cavity of Sichuan opera is leading cavity, combining cavity, chorus, accompaniment and duet, which means meaningful and fascinating. The language of Sichuan Opera is vivid, humorous, full of distinctive local colors, full of life breath and has a broad mass base. There are hundreds of common plays on the stage, including complete singing, doing, reading and playing, humorous quips, instrumental music, unique "face changing", "fire breathing" and "sleeves", and freehand stylized movements, which imply endless wonderful taste. Sichuan opera is deeply loved by the world and spread all over the world. The famous Sichuan opera The Legend of the White Snake. Jinshan Temple is widely circulated at home and abroad. Sichuan Opera is very popular in Sichuan Province and parts of Yunnan and Guizhou. Originally, five vocal arts imported from other provinces, namely, Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang Opera, Huqin Opera (Pihuang Opera), Tanxi Opera and Sichuan Folk Lantern Opera, have been performed all over Sichuan. During the Qing Dynasty (1736- 1795), these five vocal arts often performed on the same stage, and gradually formed the same style over time, collectively known as * * *.

Gao, Kun, Hu and Dan Deng have their own situations in the process of merging into a unified Sichuan opera. Kunqu Opera, which originated in Jiangsu, flowed into Sichuan and evolved into "Chuankun" with local characteristics. High notes play a major role in Sichuan Opera. Originated in Yiyang Opera in Jiangxi, it flowed into Sichuan in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and was called "Qing Opera" between Chu and Shu. On the basis of maintaining the tradition of "one person singing in harmony, collective response, tight board and adagio", it also absorbs a lot of nutrition from Sichuan yangko, chant, divine comedy and Lianxiang, enriching and developing the characteristics of "helping, beating and singing" closely, forming a Sichuan high-pitched tune with local characteristics. Huqin Opera, also known as "Si" Opera, originated from the harmony between Hui and Han, and also absorbed the elements of "Hanzhong and Huang Er" in Shaanxi. Through the combination of "singing Huqin" and stage performance with Sichuan dialect and Sichuan opera gongs and drums, it has changed greatly in timbre and music, forming a Huqin opera with Sichuan flavor. Tanxi, or random playing, is also known as "cover plate" and "Sichuan Bangzi". It is named after playing the cover-plate huqin and clapping the clappers, and originated from Tongzhou Bangzi in Shaanxi. After Shaanxi Opera flowed into Sichuan, it merged with Lantern Opera and Gaoqiang Opera in northern Sichuan for a long time, and adopted Sichuan language, gradually forming a unique Sichuan Bangzi-Tan Opera.

In the process of the popularity of the above four foreign vocal cavity arts in Sichuan, they have been combined with Sichuan pronunciation and people's appreciation habits, and gradually evolved into five vocal cavities of Sichuan Opera in later generations, namely, Kunqu Opera, Gao, Hu, Dan and Deng.

The difference between Sichuan Opera and other operas lies in its particularly high tone.

The most famous technique of Sichuan Opera is changing face. In Sichuan, Wang Daozheng is known as the king of Sichuan Opera. [Edit this paragraph] Schools of Sichuan Opera have gradually formed some schools because of the relationship between singing areas and artists. Among these schools, there are four major schools, which are mainly divided according to popular regions, except Dan Hanghuan (Hua Xian), Ugly Hangfu (Sangan) and Cao (Jun Chen). First, the "Western Sichuan School", including counties in Wenjiang area with Chengdu as the center, mainly formed a unique "Northern Transfer"; Second, the "Ziyang River School", including Zigong, Neijiang District, counties and cities, is dominated by high-pitched tunes and has the most rigorous artistic style; Third, the "Northern Sichuan School", including parts of Nanchong and Mianyang, is mainly composed of singing and acting, and is influenced by Shaanxi Opera. The fourth is the "East Sichuan School", including the East Sichuan area centered on Chongqing. Because Chongqing is the commercial center of Sichuan, many foreign operas are performed here. It is characterized by miscellaneous operas and diversified vocal cavities.