Let me talk about the information of the National Grand Theatre first.

Directory introduction

general situation

lighting equipment

stage

audience

The National Grand Theatre is the best.

List of Art Committees of National Grand Theatre

Designer profile

Debate and criticism

brief introduction

The National Grand Theatre is located on the west side of the Great Hall of the People and south of West Chang 'an Avenue. It consists of the main building of the National Grand Theatre, the underwater corridor, the underground parking lot, the artificial lake and the green spaces on the north and south sides, with a total area of 1 18900 square meters and a total construction area of about 16500 square meters, including the main building 105 square meters and underground ancillary facilities of 60000 square meters. The total investment is 2.688 billion yuan. The main building consists of external steel structure envelope, 24 16-seat opera house, 20 17-seat concert hall, 1040-seat theater, public hall and supporting rooms. The shell of the outer steel structure is semi-ellipsoid, with the long axis length in the east-west direction of 212.20m, the short axis length in the north-south direction of143.64m, the building height of 46.285m, and the deepest part of the foundation of-32.5m. The ellipsoid roof is mainly decorated with titanium plates, and the glass curtain wall is gradually opened in the middle. Around the ellipsoid shell is an artificial lake with an area of 35,500 square meters, and all kinds of passages and entrances are located underwater. The National Grand Theatre is 46.68 meters high, 3.32 meters lower than the Great Hall of the People. But its actual height is much higher than the Great Hall of the People, because the underground height of the National Grand Theatre is as high as 10 floor, and 60% of its buildings are underground. Design completed in 2008: PaulAndreuandADP.

The National Grand Theatre was designed by French architect paul andreu, and the Paris Airport Company was responsible for the design. The roof of the National Grand Theatre is semi-oval, the surface is covered with soft and shiny titanium, and there are two triangular glass curtain walls on both sides. The whole building floats on artificial water, and pedestrians need to enter the performance hall from an 80-meter-long underwater passage. The Grand Theatre is a combination of tradition and modernity, romance and reality. The planning of "the theater in the city, the city in the theater" appears with an unimaginable "pearl in the lake" and is dedicated to the new century.

general picture

The main building of the National Centre for the Performing Arts consists of the external envelope and the internal opera house, concert hall, theatre, public hall and supporting rooms. There are three buildings on the ground floor: opera house, concert hall and theater, which are separated by roads and connected by suspended walkways. The ground building on the water seems to be a huge shell, which covers, shields, surrounds and illuminates all the halls and passages. The reflection of the building in the water constitutes the external landscape of the Grand Theatre.

The outer protective structure is a steel shell, which is semi-ellipsoidal. The east-west major axis is 212.20m, the north-south minor axis is143.64m, the total height of the building is 46.285m, and the deepest part of the underground is-32.50m. The oval roof is mainly made of titanium plate, and the middle part is a gradually opening glass curtain wall. The main building is surrounded by an artificial lake, which is surrounded by a cultural and leisure square composed of large green spaces. The artificial lake covers an area of 35,500 square meters and its water depth is 40 cm. The whole swimming pool is divided into 22 compartments. Compartment design is not only convenient for maintenance, but also saves water and is beneficial to safety. Each grid is relatively independent, but it maintains the overall consistency in appearance. The "underwater corridor" at the south entrance and north entrance of the Grand Theatre extends to 6 meters underground, and the audience enters the Grand Theatre through the underwater corridor. The main entrance on the north side is an 80-meter-long underwater corridor, and the entrance and other passages on the south side are also located underwater. When the audience enters the Grand Theatre, they will find a shallow water area overhead. There is a ticket office at the entrance, and there are service places such as art exhibitions and art shops on both sides of the underwater corridor. The north entrance of the National Grand Theatre is connected with Tiananmen West Station, and the underground parking lot can accommodate 1 0,000 motor vehicles and 1 0,500 bicycles.

There are three theaters in the Grand Theatre, with an opera house in the middle, a concert hall in the east and a theater in the west. The three war zones are completely independent and can be connected with each other through air corridors. There is a large lounge on the roof platform of the Opera House, a library and audio-visual materials hall on the roof platform of the concert hall, and a press conference hall on the roof platform of the theater. The internal opera house mainly performs opera, ballet and ballet, with an audience of 24 16 seats; The concert hall mainly performs symphonies, folk music and concerts, with an audience of 20 17 seats; The theater mainly performs drama, Peking Opera, local operas and folk songs and dances, with an audience of 1040 seats. Each theater has a dressing room, a command lounge, a piano practice room, an actor waiting area, a dressing room, a clothes ironing room, a prop room and an actor lounge. The stage technical room is equipped with audio control room, lighting control room, dimming equipment room, audio equipment room and camera room.

There are five rehearsal halls in the Grand Theatre, which are located between the three theaters and can be used separately. The large rehearsal hall is mainly used for synthetic rehearsal; Two rehearsal halls, one for dance rehearsal and the other for band rehearsal; The two small rehearsal halls are mainly used for division rehearsals. The Grand Theatre has a centralized audio-visual production center, including a large recording studio, a simultaneous recording studio, a television relay studio and an audio-visual post-production studio. The Grand Theatre has a large painting room, set up scenery hanging and painting equipment, scenery, props renovation room and scenery warehouse, and two lifting platforms for container transportation.

lamplight

On the shell structure of the National Grand Theatre, 506 "mushroom lamps" were installed. Unlike other buildings on Chang 'an Avenue, which are brightly lit at night, the "mushroom lamp" on the shell of the National Grand Theatre emits a little light, just like the twinkling stars in the night sky. Whenever night falls, the night sky, starlight, still water, ball curtain, lamp bank and reflection will present its unique and beautiful night scene.

stage

The National Center for the Performing Arts consists of an opera house, a concert hall and a theater. When you enter the Opera House, the first thing you see is the huge stage. This stage consists of a main stage, two side stages and a backstage, and each stage can be further divided into six pieces, which can be stepped up and down, staggered and rotated up and down into an inclined plane according to the needs of the repertoire. Due to the limitation of dome height, the stage and part of the auditorium are located underground. There are more than 60 suspenders and curtains at the top of the stage, which can create different performance scenes. 60 curtains can be quickly switched within 5 seconds at the earliest, and the audience hall of the Opera House can accommodate more than 2,400 people at the same time.

Audience?Seats?

In the theater, the audience has the closest contact with the audience. According to reports, there will be air conditioning outlets under each seat. When watching the performance, the audience can not feel the existence of airflow, but can enjoy the comfort brought by air conditioning. Moreover, downward flow's design can adjust the air temperature within two meters from the ground. Compared with the traditional central air conditioning, it not only saves energy greatly, but also does not produce the noise of central air conditioning.

In addition, the seat is equipped with a silencer, so even if the audience leaves the seat and folds the chair in half, it will not make a sound.

The National Grand Theatre is the best.

The largest dome in the world

The steel structure of the whole shell of the National Grand Theatre weighs 6,475 tons, and the east-west long axis spans 2 12.2 meters, which is the largest dome in the world at present.

The deepest building in Beijing

The deepest underground of the National Grand Theatre is -32.5 meters, which is equivalent to digging a 10 floor underground. It is the deepest building in Beijing.

The largest organ in Asia

The organ in the concert hall has 6,500 sound pipes, which is the largest organ in Asia and costs 30 million yuan.

List of Art Committees of National Grand Theatre

List of Artistic Directors of National Grand Theatre

Drama director: Xu; Dance director: Zhao Ruheng; Music Director: Chen Zuohuang;

Designer profile

Paul andreu (1938) was born in Gondion near Bordeaux. He graduated from French Institute of Engineering (196 1), French Institute of Road and Bridge (1963) and Paris Academy of Fine Arts (1968). 1967, he designed the circular terminal of Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport. Since then, as the chief architect of Paris Airport Company, he has designed international airports such as Nice, Jakarta, Cairo and Shanghai, and the basic concept of Kansai International Airport in Japan also comes from Andrew. He participated in the construction of many large-scale projects, such as the Grand Arch in the Paris Defense Zone and the French terminal of the Anglo-French Cross-Harbour Tunnel. From 65438 to 0999, the Paris Airport Company led by Andrew cooperated with Tsinghua University, and after several rounds of competition, it won the bid in the international competition of the National Centre for the Performing Arts.

Debate and criticism

The construction scheme of the National Grand Theatre has been criticized by some academicians, architects and architects. The huge cost and the artistic form of architectural design are worrying. The giant shell covers four theaters, which is unnecessary from the performance function and causes great consumption; Big pool is also an uneconomical behavior.

The National Grand Theatre is nicknamed "Eggshell" by Beijing residents. This project of the National Centre for the Performing Arts can be said to be one of the most amazing works. Before bidding, the jury put forward three principles: the theater at first sight, the Grand Theatre in China and the Grand Theatre near Tiananmen Square at first sight. These three principles are inconsistent. Moreover, the "disharmony" between its appearance and the architectural style of the nearby Forbidden City and the adjacent Great Hall of the People is also the focus of debate and criticism, which is considered to be abandoning "tradition" and competing for "modernity". In addition, it is dusty and windy in Beijing, and it is difficult to clean large-arc buildings.

The total investment of the National Grand Theatre is 2,688.38 million yuan, and the number of seats in the three major theaters of the Grand Theatre project has been determined to be 5,473, with an average cost of nearly 500,000 seats. According to the average cost of each Hope Primary School of 250,000 yuan (according to Zhejiang standards), the total investment of the National Centre for the Performing Arts can build 5,473× 2 =10496 Hope Primary Schools. According to the statistics of experts' experience, the operation and maintenance cost of the National Grand Theatre after its completion is extremely alarming. The monthly electricity bill alone needs 4 million yuan, which can build 16 Hope Primary Schools.

Since the establishment of 1989, China Youth Development Foundation has received more than 2.2 billion yuan in donations from home and abroad in 15 years, helping more than 2.5 million poor students to go to school and building 9,508 hope primary schools. Out of every 65,438+000 rural primary schools, 2 are Hope primary schools. (February 24th, 2004 (China Youth Foundation NewsletterNo. 1). By comparison, it can be seen that the investment in the construction of the National Centre for the Performing Arts is more than the fund-raising of Project Hope 15. If this money is invested in rural education, it can be equivalent to the results of 15 "Hope Project".