Departing to India is a last resort. Why would the President of Bhutan prefer to follow India rather than establish diplomatic relations with other countries?

The relationship between Bhutan and India is very much like a picture of mother and child. Bhutan at present is like a baby in swaddling clothes. It has not yet separated from its mother. The ability to act alone must continue. It relies on breast milk to thrive, otherwise it will die.

Every child needs to go through a long process of "custody" from weaning to entering society. Therefore, Bhutan still has a long way to go to break away from India, and its foreign policy is largely subject to India.

Bhutan has a very small national border, with only 38,394 square kilometers of land and a population of just over 800,000. However, it is located in the eastern section of the Himalayas, between the two super-populous countries of China and India. The location is very awkward, so they have no choice in many things. We must rely on one of them and not dare to turn against the other. This is the tragedy of a small country that is trying to survive in a crack.

Currently, Bhutan is one of the poorest countries in the world, and its domestic economic development is entirely nourished by India. India is their largest trading partner, aid country and creditor country. As long as it is out of Indian control, it will immediately declare bankruptcy.

In fact, during the British colonial period, Bhutan’s next development trend was already destined.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Bhutan was a small tribe in Tubo. After the Yuan Dynasty unified Tibet, the various tribes in Tubo came under the jurisdiction of the Xuanzheng Yuan. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that they declared independence. In 1772, Bhutan was invaded by the British and was forced to sign the Treaty of Hinchula in 1865, ceding 2,000 square kilometers of land.

In January 1910, during the British colonial period in South Asia, they forced Bhutan to sign the "Punakha Treaty", which stipulated that Bhutan's foreign relations should be guided by the United Kingdom. In other words, since the British colonial period, Bhutan has not had the power to conduct independent diplomacy.

After World War II, Britain's power declined sharply, and it was unable to continue to control the colonial areas in South Asia, and it gradually withdrew from its colonial rule in South Asia. But not wanting the British colonization to happen, Bhutan, which had been guided by the British for a long time, panicked, like a weaned child. With the British colonists gone, South Asia was in chaos, and India assumed hegemony in South Asia in a short period of time. There is war all around Bhutan. They began to face the danger of being annexed by India.

India is very busy at this time, and its eyes are full of the land of Pakistan, and it has no time to take care of the small Bhutan next to it. In 1948, Bhutan took the initiative to send representatives to India for negotiations, demanding that both parties reach a friendly agreement. In 1949, the two sides signed the "Permanent Treaty of Peace and Friendship" agreement, which continued British diplomatic control over Bhutan.

To date, Bhutan still needs India’s nod to establish diplomatic relations with India, and there are only 21 countries that have diplomatic relations with it in the world. At the same time, they are also the only country in the world that has not established diplomatic relations with the five permanent members of the Security Council. It is also the only country among China's neighboring countries that has not successfully established diplomatic relations.