The life of Freud

South Freud, Sigmund)

1856- 1939)

Jewish psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis. Born in Freiburg, Moravia, Czech Republic, he studied medicine at the University of Vienna in 1873, and received his doctorate in 188 1 year. 1882 cooperated with psychiatrist J. Bleuel to treat and study hysteria with hypnosis. During 1885 and 1886, I went to Paris to study J.M. Shaker first, and then I went to Nancy to visit hypnotherapy. After returning to Vienna, I realized the limitations of hypnotherapy. After 1895, I used my original psychoanalysis or free association method to explore patients' forgotten ideas and desires, especially their childhood. In the process of treatment, he found that patients often resisted, and realized that this was evidence of repressed desires, so he founded psychoanalytic theory with subconscious as the basic content. The original concepts were defense, resistance, repression, venting and so on. In the process of clinical treatment, patients also show empathy for doctors, thus thinking that most of people's neural activities are based on sexual desire, while most of the repressed desires are sexual, and sexual dysfunction is the root of neurosis. 1909, at the invitation of S hall, president and famous psychologist of Clark University in the United States, he and Jung went to the United States to attend the 20th anniversary of the school and met with famous American psychologists W James, E B Teachenor and J Mike Cartel. He made a speech with psychoanalysis as the theme and gained great reputation. After returning to China, some of his disciples, A. Adler, C. G. Jung and O. Rank, opposed his universalism and left him for their homes. During and after the First World War, he constantly revised and developed his own theory, and put forward three important theories, such as narcissism, life and death instinct, ID, ego and superego, which made psychoanalysis a method to understand the motivation and personality of all mankind. His theory reached its peak in the 1930s. 1930 was awarded the Goethe Prize. On 1936' s birthday, he was awarded the honor of being a member of the Royal Society. He struggled with oral cancer in the last 16 years and kept on working. 1938 was forced to leave Vienna for London under the coercion of the Nazis. 1939 died of cancer in London on September 23rd.

His main works are: Interpretation of Dreams, Psychopathology of Daily Life, Introduction to Psychoanalysis, Introduction to New Psychoanalysis, and Autobiography of Freud.

Freud, Sigmund (Sigmund, France)

1856— 1939)

Austrian psychiatrist, neurologist, founder of psychoanalysis school, 1856 was born in Moravia on May 6, and moved to Vienna with his family at the age of 4. He showed extraordinary intelligence when he was in middle school, and his grades have always been among the best. At the age of 65,438+07, he was admitted to the Medical College of Vienna University, and 65,438+0,876-65,438+0 studied under the guidance of the famous physiologist Ernest Brooke. 188 1 year started private practice, clinical neurologist. 1886, he married Martha Burroughs and gave birth to three men and three women. His daughter a Freud later became a famous psychologist. 1938 moved to London because of Nazi persecution, 1939 moved to London.

Freud's interest in psychoanalysis came into being during his cooperation with J. Bleuel in 1884. They worked together to treat a 2 1 year-old hysteria patient named Anna ou. He first learned catharsis therapy from Blair, then hypnosis from J. Shaq, and then he proposed free association therapy and founded self-analysis in 1897. His greatest contribution to psychology in his life is to reveal the unconscious process of human beings and put forward the theory of personality structure, human sexual instinct and psychological defense mechanism.

His main works are: Research on Hysteria.

( 1895)、

Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams

( 1900)、

Three theories of sexual desire

( 1905)、

About the unconscious

( 19 15)、

Self and id

( 1923)、

Anxiety problem

( 1926)、

Self and defense mechanism

( 1936)。