What is john keats's occupation?

JohnKeats (English: John Keats,1795 65438+1October 31-18265438+February 23, 0),/kloc-0, an English poet in the early 9th century, was a major member of the Romantic School.

18/kloc-studied at king's university London in 0/5, and started writing in 0/8/kloc-7. From 18 18 to 1820, Isabella, The Night of Saint Agnes, Growing on the Seawall, Ode to a Nightingale, Ode to an Ancient Greek Urn and Ode to Autumn were completed successively. 1821February 23rd, died of tuberculosis in Rome, Italy, at the age of 25.

Keats, Shelley and Byron are considered as the representatives of the romantic movement in Europe.

Chinese name: john keats.

John Keats

Alias: Keats

Nationality: UK

Place of birth: London, England

Date of birth:1795 65438+1October 3 1.

Date of death: 182 1 February 23rd.

Occupation: poet

Graduate school: King's University, London, UK

Faith: Christianity

Masterpieces: Endymon, Ode to a Nightingale and Ode to an Ancient Greek Urn.

Character experience

1October 3 1 day, john keats was born in London, England. Keats received a traditional formal education at Delphi School, and his teacher Clark encouraged him to read and write. Young Keats likes Virgil very much. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he translated Virgil's Latin poem Aeneas into English.

18 10, Keats was sent as an apprentice to a pharmacist. Keats was admitted to King's College, University of London on 18 15, but within a year, Keats gave up his wish to be a doctor and concentrated on writing poetry. Most of his early works are imitations.

18 16 years, he met Li Hunter, Shelley and other poets and was influenced by them. In May, he published his first poem "Ah, Loneliness" in The Explorer edited by Hunter. 1 1 In June, he gave up practicing medicine and devoted himself to writing poetry despite the opposition of his guardian, and then embarked on the road of writing poetry without practicing medicine.

18 17 In March, with the help of Shelley, the first book of poetry was published, which included Keats' first poem "Imitating Spencer" and other sonnets. This collection of poems was very popular, but some extremely harsh and offensive comments were published in the influential magazine Blackwood'smagazine at that time. Undeterred, Keats published a new collection of poems, Endymand, the following spring.

18/kloc-in the summer of 0/8, Keats traveled to northern England and Scotland. On the way, he got the news that his younger brother Tom was suffering from severe tuberculosis, and Keats immediately rushed home to take care of Tom. At the end of the year, Tom died, and Keats moved to a friend's house in Ted, Hampus, which is now regarded as Keats' home.

18 18 years, he created the original Jiao Ren Hotel with seven syllables per line; 18 19, ode to autumn, ode to cruel girl, ode to nightingale, ode to ancient Greek urn, ode to fatigue, ode to melancholy, Isabella, the night before Saint Anne Festival, the sonnet "Gone Days", the long poem "Endimang" and "Lang on the Sea Wall", etc.

/kloc-0 March, 820, Keats coughed up blood for the first time. 182/kloc-0 died of rapidly deteriorating tuberculosis in Rome, Italy on February 23rd, 2008. His letters, manuscripts and other works are mainly collected by Hutto Library of Harvard University, and some are collected by British Library and Keats Memorial Hall in north London.

Personal life

family background

When Keats was a teenager, his parents died one after another. He has three younger brothers (one of whom died) and a younger sister, but the sadness of losing his parents prematurely always affects Keats.

mood

18 18 At the end of this year, Keats moved to a friend's house in Ted, Hampus, where he fell in love with his neighbor Fanny Brown. Fanny Brown is a beautiful, lively, kind-hearted 18-year-old girl with quick thinking and smart wit. She really loved Keats. The following year, Keats got engaged to Fanny. However, his deteriorating health and meager economic income prevented him from getting married, which brought him great pain. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/820, the doctor advised him to live in a warmer place. Keats went to Rome accompanied by friends. 182 1 February, Keats died in Rome. Fanny Brown was heartbroken after receiving the news. She mourned for Keats for seven years and wore the engagement ring Keats gave her until her death.

epitaph

Keats' epitaph is: hereliesonewohosenamewriteninwater.

English: Those who sleep here are called water books.

This is the epitaph Keats wrote for himself before his death.

Main work

Creative characteristics

Thought of works

Love and beauty are john keats's spiritual pursuits all his life. John keats's persistent pursuit of eternal love and beauty in his five narrative long poems, Endyman, lamia, Lang on the Sea Wall, Eve of Saint Yani's Day and Isabella, represents the artistic achievements of Keats' poems. These five long poems not only play a vital role in Keats' poetry creation, but also show unique artistic characteristics compared with the romantic poets Byron and Shelley of the same period. Although Keats' short life was full of "fatigue, fever and anxiety", he still constructed a world full of love and beauty in his long poems.

1. Love in Keats' works: First of all, it shows the description and pursuit of romantic love. Love in Keats' poems can also be understood as concern and reflection on the universal spiritual dilemma of mankind.

2. In his short life, Keats did not give a clear and detailed explanation of the essential meaning of "beauty". Perhaps similar to Plato's understanding of beauty, the beauty in Keats' long poems is a kind of "the highest idea that covers everything and dominates everything". This concept of beauty includes both works of art and human behavior thoughts. Beauty is both concrete and abstract.

Keats constructed a world of love and beauty in his long poems, which enabled him to face the difficult reality optimistically. Keats lost his parents when he was a child. When I grew up, my third brother died unfortunately. His sister lives in another place and is unhappy. His second brother immigrated to America and found it difficult to survive. Keats contracted lung disease while taking care of his younger brother. After his poems were published, they were viciously attacked by critics. The following hardships damaged Keats' physical and mental health, and eventually he died young in poverty and disease. However, facing the sufferings in reality, Keats did not give up the pursuit of love and beauty. It is the suffering in reality that urges him to pursue love and beauty in an artistic way. Therefore, it can be said that the miserable life is the catalyst of his poetic thought, which urges Keats to construct an artistic world intertwined with love and beauty.

Creative technology

In Keats' works, conflicts in life are directly expressed. The author doesn't just talk about his troubles, but presents his world full of "fatigue, fever and anxiety" to readers. With resentment, the author paints a bleak picture. The sadness of the world is in sharp contrast with the joy of the nightingale, which strongly sets off the theme of the author's praise for this eternal beauty and shows the author's humanistic tendency and viewpoint. In his works, the combination of reality and ideal constitutes his unique creative style. Keats pursued beauty all his life. He let his imagination pursue in mystery, so he never forgot his responsibility to the whole society. Many of Keats' works express the tragedy of life most profoundly. He denounced the society and tried to show the evil side of human nature and the real tragedy of that period.

In his early poems for George Keats and Ode to Peace, there are descriptions of reality. In his later works, such as Endyman and lamia, this sense of reality is more obvious. Especially in Ode to a Nightingale, it vividly shows the conflict and grief in reality. In this work, Keats begins with the wonderful world full of songs and laughter that describes the hero's life. Nightingale sings happily in nature and expresses the beauty of life with euphemistic songs. Hearing the birds singing, the hero was overjoyed at first, and then sad. He was tortured by illness, and when he heard the nightingale's cheerful singing, he was inevitably sad by comparing his situation.

In the early days of his writing, Sleep and Poetry was one of his successful works. With profound observation and deep thinking, he showed the conflict and correlation between sleep and writing. Sleeping is the brain out of control, and writing poetry is a conscious higher-order mode; The two are completely different and seem to have nothing to do with each other. However, Keats regards them as two interrelated and inseparable aspects in artistic creation from a unique perspective. In his view, imagination in sleep is extraordinary and can be regarded as poetry.

In his later works, especially the six outstanding "Odes to Melancholy", Keats' philosophical views are vividly displayed, and Ode to Melancholy is one of them. Keats used incisive and unique comments and various literary rhetorical devices to naturally integrate his feelings into the poem, making the whole work unique, meaningful and thought-provoking; At the end of the work, he left a unique and touching saying: she and "beauty"-doomed "beauty". The author vividly shows three kinds of personalities: "beauty", "joy" and "comfort" by personification, which is amazing; "Joy" always says goodbye to people and shares it with sadness; "Happiness" and sadness coexist, so "pain and joy". The author further demonstrates the duality of life-depression and happiness are interdependent. Only by pursuing happiness all the time and having the courage and strength to take risks can we truly understand the true meaning of life. Although the ending of the work is pessimistic-those who have the courage to try the "happy fruit" eventually become another kind of "melancholy", readers can still feel the author's pain: why a person's life is so precious is because happiness and sadness coexist and are inseparable from each other.

Form of works

Keats' works are full of philosophical colors, and the author draws his own opinions with his own wisdom and profound observation and thinking about life. Keats has been trying to innovate and improve the style of poetry all his life, hoping that the expression and content of poetry can be perfectly integrated to create beautiful masterpieces. Therefore, when he is creating, he will definitely choose a creative form consistent with the content, and strive to combine form and content to express his thoughts. Sonnet is a form often used in his early creation. This poetic style is divided into the first eight lines and the last six lines to express completely different views. Keats' The Bright Star adopts this poetic style, which is far-reaching and profound in conception. The contrast between the two viewpoints is obvious, and it can be called an outstanding masterpiece in sonnets.

Keats paid special attention to the form of poetry, and he carefully improved it and adopted the form of poetry consistent with the content. For example, in The Cold Witch, he adopted the form of medieval folk songs, simplifying the last line of each paragraph, making the rhythm of the work faster and the rhythm of the poem more beautiful. Moreover, the meaning of twists and turns is implied in the short sentence, which mainly shows the cunning of the witch and the misery of the knight in the work, which is consistent with the gloomy and sad atmosphere in the poem. In The Night Before Agnes, he added numbers to the last line of each section, which made the rhythm of the whole work slow and powerful, and the narrative and description of the poem became profound and delicate, showing a multi-angle life scene.

Keats, through constant innovation, developed the expressive forms of lyric poetry, including lyricism by borrowing scenery, lyricism by events and lyricism by chanting things. The former is more common in his narrative poems. There are many lyrical chapters in Isabella. For example, the thirtieth section tells the tragic scene after the hero's lover was killed. The author's description of these contents is very impactful, expressing his deep hatred for the sins of the world and his deep sympathy for the poor. Although his poems about objects are few, they occupy a very important position in his works, including Ode to an Ancient Greek Urn. This work not only describes the shape characteristics of the ancient urn, but also focuses on the paintings carved on it. Keats integrated chanting, scenery description and lyricism, which made the whole work show unique artistic charm.

Personality influence

Keats put forward the proposition that "beauty is truth and truth is beauty" in Ode to an Ancient Greek urn, which had a great influence on the creation of lyric poetry in later generations.

Keats exerted a great influence on English literature in the second half of the19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. He influenced many poets and artists from three aspects: rich sensory description, comfortable and quiet expression of medieval ideals, related art and thought, or the paradox between thought and secularity. The poets and artists deeply influenced by Keats mainly include: Romantic poet Thomas Hood, British Victorian poet Alfred Tennyson, pre-Raphael poet and painter D·G· Rossetti, symbolic poet w·B· Ye Zhi and young poet Wilfred Owen who died in World War I, etc. Keats provided creative inspiration, writing skills, story content and theme style for their poems.

Keats not only provided rich spiritual food for the British people and the people of the world with his beautiful poems, but also made important contributions to the development of English literature (poetry) with the influence of his poems.

Personality assessment

British poet percy bysshe shelley: He was originally a part of "beauty", and this "beauty" was made more lovely by him.

Lebanese writer Haji Ji Bolun: Keats should say that his fame was written in the sky with fire.

Tu An, a China writer: It's hard to predict what he will achieve if the weather is bad. But it is recognized that when he stopped writing at the age of 24, his contribution to the poetry world has greatly surpassed that of Chaucer, Shakespeare and Milton of his contemporaries.

Daniel S. Burt, American writer: Except Milton, no English poet has had such a far-reaching influence on later generations as Keats.

Commemoration of future generations

Keats House

Keats' former residence in London is located in Ted District, northwest of Hampus. In Keats' time, it was a remote suburban village with jungles and grasslands nearby. Keats lived here for some time. 1818/2 Keats' younger brother Tom died of tuberculosis, and his good friend Brown took him to live in his home, which is now Keats' former residence. Keats left the house and moved in until he went to Italy on September 1820. Here, he wrote his most important works, such as Eve of Saint-Yanni's Day, Lang on the Sea Wall and so on.

Main work

Keats' letters, manuscripts and other works are mainly collected in Hutto Library of Harvard University, and some are collected in British Library and Keats Memorial Hall in north London.