Some historical introductions about Yunnan!

Yunnan, southwest of China, is inhabited by various ethnic groups, and their names are very complicated. The so-called "group is too numerous to remember" in the "Errenzhuan" is really true. Han people entered Yunnan, established many settlements and began to spread advanced culture:

During the Warring States Period, Chu Jiangzhuang led troops to Dianchi Lake to establish the Dian State, and later generations successively became kings. According to legend, it was built by Zhuang.

The State of Qin often opened a five-foot wide road from Shutong to Yunnan (Zhuge Liang began to widen the road).

BC 109, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent general Guo Chang to destroy Yunnan and set up Yizhou County. Yongchang County (Zhibuwei, north of Baoshan County, Yunnan Province) was added in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Zhuge Liang pacified the south and added Xinggu (Malong County, Yunnan Province) and Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province. Since then, successive dynasties have successively added counties and expanded their ruling power. For non-Han residents, they all adopted Zhuge Liang's policy of "discipline is rough, foreigners are rough", that is, "because of their customs, they are not allowed to go" in order to live in peace. Of course, some ethnic groups have more contact with the Han nationality and improved their economy and culture, but more ethnic groups are still backward, even very backward.

In 62 1 year, Tang Gaozu established Yaozhou (north of Yao 'an, Yunnan) and took charge of Jimmy for 32 years.

In 632, Emperor Taizong established the viceroy mansion in Rongzhou (bó Road, Yin Bo, southwest of Yibin County, Sichuan Province).

During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the Governor's Department was in charge of 36 states and 137 counties, and later it was extended to 92 states. Liberation means coming and going as you please, without interfering with each other. This state of imprisonment is not conducive to backward ethnic groups, because the ruling class of the Han nationality can slowly extend its influence, resettle counties and counties, and force ethnic groups to gradually retreat. On the other hand, for example, at the end of the Southern Liang Dynasty, the rulers of the Liang Dynasty withdrew from Yunnan, and all the counties and counties were occupied by aristocratic chieftains, which was not conducive to the people of all ethnic groups, because it was a retrogression to restore the rule of aristocratic chieftains and expand the backward forces of counties and counties.

During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, the Nanzhao State was established in Yunnan, which changed the above two unfavorable situations and greatly promoted the people of all ethnic groups.

Na Man is the oldest indigenous people in China. It is the creator of world rice civilization and marine civilization; Inventors of tea, pottery and lacquerware ... handicrafts; Sacrifice to the goddess of the world, the disseminator of shaman culture! Nanman deserves to be the first ancient nation in the world!

Na Man calls himself Man Jing and comes from "Japanese". Because Nanman first invented "japonica glutinous rice" and "japonica rice", he called himself "Qinman". Nan Man created and formed a relatively systematic and accurate "language culture" and "writing symbols". For example, the words "He" and "Mi" in Chinese characters are all specific symbols of "Mi language", and the words related to "He" are: He, Mi, Grain, Waxy, Japonica, Indica, Straw, Autumn, Home, Seconds, Rent and so on. The words related to rice are: rice, porridge, essence, essence, glutinous rice, coarse rice, glutinous rice, glutinous rice and bran. However, crops such as millet, millet, millet, sorghum and wheat, which are abundant in the north, do not have their own "writing symbols". Millet, millet, sorghum and wheat are all derived from "grain" and "rice", which shows that they are "derived cultures" attached to "rice language".

Pu 'er tea in Yunnan is world-famous. Pu 'er tea is named after its distribution center and origin Pu 'er County. In the Tang Dynasty, Pu 'er was named Buli, belonging to Yinsheng Festival (now Simao and Xishuangbanna). Yinsheng tea is the predecessor of Pu 'er tea. It was called Pu 'er tea in Yuan Dynasty, and it was called Pu 'er tea only in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. Its heyday was in the Qing Dynasty. According to the record of Pu 'er Er Fu, "Pu 'er is one of the six major tea mountains ... it took 800 miles to make tea. Simao and Xishuangbanna are the main raw materials producing areas, and Pu 'er and Simao become processing distribution centers. In the Ming Dynasty, six ancient tea-horse roads were radiated with Pu 'er as the center. Pu 'er tea was exported to China, Tibet, Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand and other places, and shipped to Hong Kong, Macau, Southeast Asia and even Europe. After the 23rd year of Guangxu (AD 1897), France and Britain successively set up customs in Simao, which increased the export of Pu 'er tea, and the ancient tea-horse road of Pu 'er flourished. Today, there is an ancient tea-horse road in Simao Kafang with a width of 1.5 meters, which is intermittent for several kilometers: there is an ancient tea-horse road outside Simao Sanchong Village and an ancient tea-horse road in Nakori, which is intermittent for 30 kilometers; The remains of the ancient tea-horse road in Antang, Pu 'er tea12.5km. Horseshoe prints on the stones record the history of the tea caravan.

Cangshan Mountain, also known as Diancang Mountain, was called Cangshan Mountain and Diancang Mountain in ancient times. It is the main peak at the southern end of Yunling Mountains. It consists of north-south 19 peaks, with Erhai Lake in the east, Heihuijiang River in the west, Eryuan Deng Chuan in the north and Xiaguan Tiansheng Bridge in the south. It is about 50 kilometers long and stands like a green barrier on the west bank of Erhai Lake. Cangshan * * * has 19 towering peaks, the top of which is covered with snow all year round, which is called "No snow on a hot day". What's even more amazing is that there is a stream between every two peaks, which flows eastward from top to bottom into Erhai Lake. The 19 peaks of Cangshan Mountain are magnificent, which is in sharp contrast with the beautiful scenery of Erhai Lake. The order of their peaks from north to south is: Yunnong, Canglang, Wutai, Lotus, Baiyun, He Yun, Sanyang, Lanfeng, Snowman, Le Ying, Guanyin, Zhonghe, Longquan, Jade Bureau, Malone, El Nino, Buddha Peak, Horse and Sunset. These peaks are generally above 3500 meters above sea level. The seven peaks are all above 4000 meters above sea level, and the highest Malong peak is 4 122 meters above sea level. There are 19 peaks in Cangshan Mountain, and a stream flows downstream between every two peaks into Erhai Lake. This is the famous eighteen streams. The order of streams is: Xiayi, Wanhua, Yangxi, Mangyong, Jinxi, Lingquan, Baishi, Shuang Yuan, Yinxian, Meixi, Taoxi, Xi Zhong, Emerald, Longxi, Qingbi, Mocan and Yangxi. These 19 peaks and 18 streams constitute Cangshan's unique and colorful landscape.

Cangshan Mountain is both a nature reserve and a scenic spot. 1992, the local government opened a new jade belt cloud tour road at the source of jade belt cloud at an altitude of 2600 meters. The tourist highway starts from Malong Peak in the south and ends at Leying Peak in the north, about18km long, connecting many scenic spots in Cangshan. Visitors can see the strange peaks and rocks in Cangshan Mountain, the waterfalls in Linquan and the magnificent scenery overlooking Xanthium sibiricum. In the 8th century A.D., Wang Yimou Xun of Nanzhao imitated the practice of the Central Plains regime, naming Nanzhao famous mountains and rivers as Five Mountains and Four Shames, and Diancang Mountain as Zhongyue. At the foot of Cangshan Mountain, there are many landscapes full of Bai cultural characteristics, such as the famous Three Pagodas of Chongsheng Temple, Fotu Pagoda, Wuwei Temple, Taoxi Zhonghe Temple, Qilong Nvchi, Qingtan Temple and Gantong Temple. Cangshan Mountain is magnificent and beautiful, vast and deep, and the natural landscape composed of clouds, snow, forests, springs, stones and flowers is fascinating. The mountain scenery is ever-changing, and the most famous ones are "Wang Mi Yun" and "Jade Belt Cloud". Wang Fuyun often appears at the peak of Jade Bureau in winter and spring every year. After this cloud appeared, Erhai Lake was immediately stormy and set off huge waves, making it impossible for fishing boats to go out to sea. Therefore, Wang Fuyun is also known as the "five capitals". Legend has it that the daughter of Nanzhao King fell in love with a hunter and fled to Jade Bureau Peak to get married. The princess couldn't stand the cold mountain area, so the hunter went to Luo Haidong Spring Temple to steal the monk's robes. It was warm in winter and cool in summer. After being discovered by Master luoquan, he broke into Erhai Lake and turned into a stone mule. The princess watched her husband die of depression and turned into a cloud. Whenever such clouds appear, Erhai Lake will be hollowed out by turbid waves. This is when the princess wants to blow open the sea and sees her husband buried at the bottom of the sea.