Where is the specialty of Lanxi watermelon?

Lanxi watermelon is a geographical indication product of agricultural products.

Lanxi watermelon

Watermelon production in Bei 'an Township has a long history and is an old brand here. More than 3,000 mu of common watermelons are planted in the early, middle and late stages every year. Watermelon yield per mu in normal years is about 1 10,000 kg, which can be put on the market10.5,000 kg. The net income per mu can reach 1.500 yuan. The largest watermelon wholesale market around accounts for 32,000. Farmers here not only plant ordinary watermelons for the market, but also plant watermelons and gift melons for foreign markets and export them to Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and other places. /kloc-for 0/0 years, it has become a climate for farmers to cultivate watermelon kings. More than 200 large watermelons weighing more than 50 kilograms are produced every year, and the largest watermelon reaches more than 78 kilograms. In the "Watermelon King" competition held all over the country, 52 awards were won, and the extra-large watermelon cultivated by Li Zhiguo was praised as "the crown of watermelon" by former Vice Premier the State Council. Liu Guangju Tun, which is famous for its "watermelon king", is known as "watermelon king Tun", and Bei 'an Township is also known as "hometown of melon king".

Lanxi County is located in the northwest of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, in the south of Songnen Plain, and the Hulan River runs through the whole territory. It belongs to the mid-temperate continental monsoon climate zone, and the soil, accumulated temperature, precipitation, sunshine and frost-free period are suitable. Watermelon planting has a long history, and the watermelon produced has the characteristics of good quality, sweet taste, high sugar content, large size, thin skin, storage and transportation resistance, etc. The county has strong self-research ability and high-yield cultivation techniques. Liu Guangju Tun, which is famous for its "watermelon king", is known as "watermelon king Tun", and Bei 'an Township is also known as "hometown of melon king".

From 1950s to 1980, the giant watermelon varieties in Lanxi county exhibited in Harbin Seed Expo mainly included Zaohua, Mi Bao and Xinhongbao. Cultivation techniques such as one ridge, one bead, two vines, one ridge, one vine and one vine were adopted in 1960s and 1980s respectively. After the 1980s, with the introduction of plastic film mulching technology, watermelon production developed rapidly and became the main variety and specialty of melons and vegetables in Lanxi County. In 2007, the seventh set of "Zhi Fu Jing" of CCTV reported the watermelon industry in Lanxi for 7 minutes. Governments at all levels also attach great importance to the development of watermelon industry, and have successively registered "Yulin", "Linjiang" and "Kangrong" watermelons, and all of them have passed the certification of pollution-free agricultural products. Established Yulin Town, Kangrong Township melon and vegetable wholesale market and Bei 'an Township watermelon wholesale market, which effectively promoted the sales of watermelon products. Every year, people come to Lanxi to visit and study in an endless stream, which promotes the development of watermelon industry in local and other provinces and cities across the country and becomes a veritable "hometown of watermelon". Products are sold to Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Dalian, Liaoning, Harbin and other places, becoming a major local industry.

territorial scope

Lanxi County is located in the northwest of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, and in the south of Songnen Plain. Lahagang, the remaining vein of Xiaoxing 'anling, runs through the north and south of the county along the west bank of Hulan River. Watermelon geographical indication reserves are125 42 ′10 ″-126 38 ′10 ″ and 46 ″ north latitude. Protected areas include Linjiang Town, Bei 'an Township, Lanxi Town, Yulin Town, Kangrong Township, Hongguang Township, Fendou Township, Yuanda Township, Changgang Township, He Lan Township and Liaoyuan Township, bordering Qinggang County and Wangkui County in the north, Linganda City and Zhaodong City in the west, Hulan District in the south and southeast, and Beilin District in the northeast.

Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors

(1) Soil landform: the whole county is a plain landform with high northwest and low southeast, with an altitude of 122-206.8 meters ... Due to the unique topographic characteristics, the crops have sufficient light and good photosynthesis, which makes the crops have good quality and forms the unique quality of watermelon production in Lanxi. The cultivated land in Lanxi Watermelon Reserve is mainly black soil, chernozem and meadow soil, with high fertility, pH value of 7-7.5 and average organic matter content of about 3.45. Excellent ecological environment, good quality of soil, agricultural irrigation water and air, and no industrial "three wastes" pollution.

(2) Hydrological situation: There are Nihe Reservoir in China, with a storage capacity of 70 million cubic meters, and the annual transit water volume of Hulan River is 33 1.8 billion cubic meters. Through the joint efforts of the people of the whole county, a large number of irrigation, flood control and waterlogging control projects have been built, and a water diversion, storage and lifting engineering system has basically formed. At present, there are 8 small reservoirs, 34 ponds, 340 reservoirs, 800 drought-resistant wells, 4,500 medium wells, and flood levees 1 10 km. Now the water supply capacity of water conservancy projects has reached 1.32 billion cubic meters. Adequate water source, good water quality and no industrial drainage pollution are beneficial to the growth and development of watermelon.

(3) Climate: Lanxi County is located in the middle and high latitudes and belongs to the mid-temperate continental monsoon climate zone. Southeasterly winds prevail in summer, which is humid and rainy; The northwest wind prevails in winter, which is dry and cold. The annual average temperature is 2.9℃, and the annual active accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ is 27 1 1℃, which can meet the demand of crops for heat. The average annual precipitation is 456 mm, and the average annual sunshine time is 2738 hours. The average frost-free period over the years is 132 days, which is especially suitable for watermelon growth.

(4) Human history: Lanxi County belonged to Fuyu land in Qin and Han Dynasties, and successively belonged to Xuantu County and Liaodong County in Han Dynasty. Sui and Tang dynasties were under the jurisdiction of Heishui _ _ and Heishui. Liao period belonged to Wanyan Department and was under the jurisdiction of Tokyo Road. During the Jin dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Huining government in Beijing. The Yuan Dynasty was a nomadic area of Soren Department, which was under the jurisdiction of Wan Hu Prefecture of Zhaozhou. In the seventh year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1409), it was under the jurisdiction of the slave owner and martial artist Youwei. In the 12th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1734), it was under the jurisdiction of the guards of Hulan City (deputy commander-in-chief of Qing Dynasty in the 5th year of Guangxu). 190565438+1October 29th (December 24th, 30th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty) established Lanxi County, which was named after its location on the west bank of Hulan River and was under the jurisdiction of Hulan Prefecture. During the Republic of China, it belonged to Suilan Road, Heilongjiang Province.

Watermelon, also known as cold melon, is native to Africa. After being cultivated in ancient Sudan and ancient Egypt, it spread to ancient Greece and the Roman Empire and became popular in the Roman Empire. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, watermelons were introduced to Xinjiang from Iraq, Iran and Afghanistan, then to Uighur from Qidan, then to Jin State from Qidan, and finally to the Central Plains in the Southern Song Dynasty. Jinshangjing area is the hometown of watermelon in China. Lanxi began to eat watermelon as early as 1 1 15. However, because it was originally a nomadic area, watermelon planting should have started at 186 1 after the Qing government banned it. A large number of Guanzhong immigrants settled in the wasteland, which has a history of 150 years. Since the establishment of New China to 1980, the main varieties planted are Zaohua, Mi Bao and Xinhongbao. In 1960s and 1980s, cultivation techniques such as one ridge, one pearl and two vines, and one ridge, two plants and one vine were adopted respectively. After the introduction of plastic film mulching technology in the 1980s, watermelon production developed rapidly, and now it has become the main variety of melons and vegetables in Lanxi County, which is a specialty of Lanxi County. Lanxi watermelon embodies the hard work and wisdom of several generations of melon farmers in our county. With the continuous improvement of planting level and the gradual expansion of planting area, Lanxi watermelon has gradually formed the characteristics of good quality, sweet taste, high sugar content, large size, thin skin and storage and transportation resistance. Since the 1990s, high-yield cultivation techniques have been developed, and the participating watermelons have won gold and silver awards at the National Agricultural Expo for many times. Lanxi Watermelon from 65438 to 0998 was praised as "the crown of watermelon" by former Vice Premier the State Council. It has the self-propagation ability of excellent watermelon varieties, wide sales range and strong adaptability. For example, excellent varieties such as Zhiguo 1No. to 10, Zhiguoguan, disease-resistant Shen Lei, Shuangkang Landmine and Bai Chen Landmine have strong adaptability, and watermelon seeds sell well, which promotes the development of watermelon industry everywhere. The effect of helping agriculture and increasing income is remarkable. With high planting technology, a variety of melon experts have emerged and won awards such as national model workers, advanced scientific and technological workers and provincial model workers. Won the gold medal of the national agricultural fair and the reputation of watermelon king. In 2007, the seventh set of "Zhi Fu Jing" of CCTV reported the watermelon industry in Lanxi for 7 minutes. Governments at all levels also attach great importance to the development of watermelon industry, and have successively registered "Yulin", "Linjiang" and "Kangrong" watermelons, and all of them have passed the certification of pollution-free agricultural products. Established Yulin Town, Kangrong Township melon and vegetable wholesale market and Bei 'an Township watermelon wholesale market, which effectively promoted the sales of watermelon products. Every year, people come to Lanxi to visit and study in an endless stream, which promotes the development of watermelon industry in local and other provinces and cities across the country and becomes a veritable "hometown of watermelon". Watermelon brand products in our county are sold to Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Dalian, Liaoning, Harbin and other places. And become a major local industry.