Where did keitel people develop into a race?

"keitel" is one of our least common ancient races, and keitel, together with Germans and Slavs, is called the "three ancient barbarians" in Europe. However, compared with Slavs, Germans are familiar with keitel, but I am not familiar with keitel. Where did they originate?

Keitel people also have a specific title: the oldest indigenous people in western Europe. At present, the most official view about the birthplace of keitel people is that its tribes mainly originated in the upper reaches of the Royal River and the Seine River in eastern France; ② The upper reaches of the Rhine and Danube rivers in southwestern Germany. Although keitel people in history suffered a very unfortunate "fate" in the later period, fortunately, there are still some surviving descendants of keitel, who are probably Irish and Welsh today. Then, let's take a look at how keitel people have risen, and how they have gone from prosperity to decline step by step.

The first stage: rise

The earliest appearance of keitel people can be traced back to around 10 century BC. At that time, they also set off a storm of aggression in western Europe and even the whole of Europe with their strong strength and national creativity. Keitel was the "only nation superior to iron" in Western Europe at that time, that is to say, keitel was the first nation in Europe to master the manufacture and use of iron. At the same time, keitel people waved iron weapons and stepped into countries that were still immersed in bronze civilization, and with their powerful power, they were above the eternal countries. From the 7th century BC, keitel conquered French, Portuguese, Spanish and other regions, and was once called "Gaul" by the Romans. Of course, this is also their most powerful stage.

The second stage: expansion

In 500 BC, the Celts conquered Italy again (not ancient Rome, but today's Italy) and took advantage of it to conquer some small countries along the Mediterranean coast of Europe. From then on, keitel people no longer confined their expansion to this area. Nowadays, keitel people, full of arrogance, have turned their aggressive eyes from the island countries of Great Britain and the Mediterranean to the prosperous ancient Rome and ancient Greece. In 387 AD, keitel captured ancient Rome, burned and looted it. In 279 AD, keitel plundered ancient Greece.

The third stage: decline

In 59-49 BC, with the rise of Roman civilization, the Roman "revenge plan" began. During this period, Julius Caesar launched a genocidal conquest of keitel. Over the decades, more than 1 10,000 Celts died in the war with Rome, and another 1 10,000 people became slaves of the Romans. In 449 AD, the Germans launched an attack on keitel who occupied the island of Great Britain, which was known as the Teutonic Conquest. This battle made hundreds of thousands of keitel people slaves of the German army.

After the baptism of war, keitel people gradually merged together in the "European Middle Ages" and were forced to narrow their sphere of influence under the powerful situation, thus forming a country with modern significance in the European feudal era. But the process of keitel people from birth, development to rise, and finally decline can also be called fear! However, although keitel people suffered genocide because of the previous aggression, their descendants are still alive. Although the time of keitel people has passed, it was once strong and prosperous.

Interesting! Is it Celtic? Or keitel people are completely different concepts!

It is said that the indigenous people in western Europe are Celts, and the whole history description is chaotic, rambling and mostly speculative. On the one hand, the language family is not a family; On the other hand, Irish, Scots, Welsh, Cornish and bretons all belong to Celts.

It is said that the Seine River in eastern France, the upper reaches of the Royal River, the Rhine River and the upper reaches of the Danube River in southwestern Germany are the cradles of Celts? I only know that Germanic history is a bit! Today's Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Sweden and so on.

Archaeologists discovered two large Celtic tombs in 1953 and 1978, respectively, in Burgundy in central and eastern France and Baden-Wü rttemberg in Germany, and similar Mediterranean artifacts were unearthed in the tombs? Since there is a dagger in the grave. Archaeologists speculate that its owner may be a Celtic prince?

February 20 15, French archaeologists discovered a Celtic royal tomb in the 5th century BC in Lavo town, Aubrey province, France, and unearthed a large number of precious objects from ancient Greece and Etruscan period.

This tomb is considered as one of the most important archaeological discoveries about Celtic culture in the Iron Age so far.

Please note that it belongs to ancient Greece and Etruscans, not Celts, which does not prove that the owner of the tomb is Celts.

There is no historical record or archaeological evidence about the origin of Celts.

1, Celts, Slavs and Germans are called "Three Barbarians" by the Romans, with a long history and footprints all over France, Germany and Spain today. Because the ancient Celts originated from primitive society, there are few written records about their own history. In addition to the myths and legends handed down from generation to generation under its tribal system and archaeological excavations unearthed in modern times, the main documents and materials for studying the Celts come from the research of Herodotus, the father of history, Dior Dorus's historical series and Caesar's Gaul War.

2. Many scholars generally believe that in the late primitive society, in ancient Europe, Celts were a loose group with the same language (Celts of Indo-European family) and religious belief (Trojans), and created the same material culture (Hallstatt culture and bin Laden culture).

Herodotus described the Celts in his book History as living near the source of the East River (now the Danube), or "outside the column of Herak" and "the westernmost inhabitant of Europe".

In the middle of the 3rd century BC, the Celts reached the peak of their geographical expansion. They are widely distributed from Ireland in the west to Carpathian Mountains and Bohemia in the east, Iberian Peninsula in the southwest and Central Asia Minor (Anatolia) in the southeast. Later, due to the prosperity and expansion of the Roman Empire and the pressure from the large-scale migration of Germanic tribes to the north and west, the Celtic forces gradually declined.

After thousands of years of war and other factors, Irish, Scots, Welsh, English Cornwall and French bretons all belong to Celtic descendants. Of course, with the national integration and cultural exchange, the Celts gradually merged into the mainstream of European civilization, and gradually merged with the Romans, Germans and other ethnic groups. Celtic can only be regarded as a language family at present.

3. As Kuhn thought in the book Race in Europe, what is the exact composition of the Celts and where they came from is still a mystery that puzzles many historians. Therefore, we need further historical exploration and discovery by future generations.

References: Shen Jian, A Preliminary Study of the Gukhel People.

An analysis of Celtic social structure

So now some people say that Iberians (Spain and Portugal) are Celts, while others say that Celts are Iberians.

Of course, this will be further studied by anthropologists.

But there are too many Celtic descendants. More than half of the French are Celts, with a population larger than that of Scotland, Ireland and Wales combined. What about Scotland? Scotland is called highland Celts, a minority of Celts, and Wales and Ireland are called Celtic Iberians.

Let's talk about France: Celts romanized earlier than Germans. The first tribes in France were assimilated by Rome, and now these people have another name-Gaul.

Gaul is the main body of the French, that is, the Romanized Celtic was assimilated by the Germans. It can be seen that the German father married a Roman-Celtic mixed-race Gaul and then became a "nation" in France. There is no such thing as a French nation. However, since the Renaissance, the French culture of fraternity has developed greatly, abandoning the concept of nation, so they rarely trace back to their ancestors, but some people still admit their pure Celtic ancestry in appearance.

Therefore, the origin of Celtic is still controversial, mainly different from Iberian views, but the descendants of Celtic are not only rare, but also very common.

Compared with Germans and Slavs, Celts have a better figure, a three-dimensional face with a high nose and high ears, and black hair and Kurome. If the eyes and hair colors are mixed, the blue pupils and blond hair, together with the Celtic facial features, will look like the elves in cartoons.

In addition, the legend of the famous knight of the Round Table, King Arthur, is the legend of the Celts, who have their own myth system. Of course, it copied the pan-Germanic Nordic mythology, but only Scottish Gaelic was left in the language, which should be a relatively pure Celtic ancient language, belonging to the Celtic language family. Other Iberian and Celtic descendants have given up their original language and used Romanesque language, but Celtic genes are still the majority.

Although the unyielding Scots, Irish and others (in fact, they have not been wiped out on the British Island) have retained Celtic language and customs, they are only a part of Celtic in their blood.

Celtic is a huge nation living in France, southern Germany and Italy. They are more developed than the Germans and use Celtic in Indo-European languages. Their race is characterized by red hair or orange hair and light eyes. Now the Celts slash and burn, wandering all over the European continent. In the East, they invaded the Greek world and even burned the tombs of Macedonia, and once settled in Asia Minor and other places. In other words, Mitridatis VI, the favorite heavy infantry and swordsman of the Hellenistic Kingdom, was helped to end his life by the nearby Celtic swordsman. These people then established a national Gaul similar to a tribal alliance in France. Then a group of Celts gradually entered the British Isles and Ireland, and the remaining Celts also defeated the indigenous Iberians (Spain) in the Iberian Peninsula and entered the Iberian Peninsula. Some Celts entered the Apennine Peninsula, which was once the most terrible enemy of early Rome. The Celts have two characteristics. First of all, they like to sacrifice the living and use the heads of their enemies as house decorations. Second, they are brave and good at fighting, advocating battlefield death, and are terrible swordsmen.

This is an interesting question. My first reaction when I saw the Celtics was the American nba team, but to be honest, the Celtics are not only a team, but also a nation. So where is the national origin of Celtic?

In ancient Europe, there was a saying that Celts, Germans and Slavs in ancient Europe were called the "three savage peoples" in Europe. This statement appeared during the Roman Empire, and the ancient Romans looked down upon these three peoples very much. Ironically, the Roman Empire has long since disappeared, but these three barbaric peoples have become the main ethnic groups in Europe.

Speaking of Germans, you may think of Germany for the first time. In fact, the main ethnic group in Germany is Germans.

Slavs are divided into Eastern Slavs, Yugoslavs and Western Slavs, and their present position is in today's Eastern Europe (Poland to Russia).

Finally, the Celts, mainly distributed in today's British Isles. In addition, some French, Luxemburgers and Belgians are of Celtic descent.

Today, Celtic is almost everywhere in western society. Even many Americans are of Celtic descent. This is because America is an immigrant country. Among the early immigrants to the United States, a large number of people came from the British Isles, which also meant that many Celts came to the United States and became the main part of the early American nation.

Being in the downtown area, my heart is towards the green hills.

Celts, together with Germans and Slavs, were called "Three Barbarians" by the Romans. They all migrated from the plains of Eastern Europe and the coast of the Black Sea, and they all have the same name-Indo-Europeans. Their names are different only because they migrated in different times, in different directions and in different destinations.

1, Indo-Europeans as the destroyer and creator of civilization

Beginning around 2000 BC, Indo-Europeans on the plains of Eastern Europe began to migrate to all parts of Asia and Europe.

The Aryans who entered the Indian peninsula to the south established the Ganges civilization that continues to this day.

The Aryans who entered today's Iran westward were later Persians.

About12nd century BC, an Indo-European Dorian entered the Balkans and destroyed the Mycenae civilization in ancient Greece (that is, during the Trojan War). By about 800 BC, ancient Greece began to enter the era of city-state civilization.

In addition, the Romans are also a branch of Indo-European language family and the founders of ancient Greek and Roman civilization. Compared with the Three Barbarians, they actually came to Europe at different times and places.

Wang came first, and then he was pretty, but he who laughs last is often not the first to arrive.

3 barbarians entered Europe.

When human civilization is in the primary stage, the geographical environment has almost played a decisive role in the development of civilization.

The ancient Greeks and Romans moved to the Mediterranean coast and quickly entered the civilized society under the influence of the two rivers civilization and the ancient Egyptian civilization, while the three barbarians, including the Celts, moved to northern Europe and became nomadic peoples.

Among the three barbarians, Celtic was the first to enter Europe. Northern Rome has long been a Celtic territory, including Germany, France, Italy, Spain and Britain. But the Germans and Slavs laughed last.

The typical feature of "Celts" is red hair, which is Caesar's Latin name for this group of "barbarians". In fact, this name is the same as what China people call the nomadic people in the north-"Xiongnu" and "Xianbei".

Celts could do business with the ancient Greeks and fight the Romans.

The Romans called the area where the Celts lived "Gaul", and the Seine River in eastern France, the upper reaches of the Royal River, the Rhine River in southwestern Germany and the upper reaches of the Danube River were considered as the birthplace of the Celts.

The Celts used to be an important military force in Europe, but in the end they did not form a country. With the rise of the Roman Empire, the Celts inevitably declined.

From 59 BC to 49 BC, Caesar conquered Gaul in ten years and turned Gaul into a province of the Roman Empire. It is said that after Caesar conquered Gaul, he slaughtered 6.5438+million Celts, and 6.5438+million Celts became slaves.

From then on, the Celtic territory was only Britain.

In 43 AD, it took the Roman emperor Claudius another three years to finally conquer the central and south-central parts of the British Island, which is today's England.

Therefore, the Celtic territories are only Scotland and Ireland.

3. Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire.

After the fall of the Roman Empire, Western Europe became the German world, and Eastern Europe became the territory of Slavs.

In order to stop the Celtic attack, Roman survivors on the island of Great Britain recruited Germanic mercenaries, that is, Anglo-Saxons.

Since then, England has become the territory of Anglo-Saxons, and the Celtics can only retreat to Scotland, Ireland and Wales. This pattern has not changed.

The Seine River in eastern France, the upper reaches of the Royal River, the Rhine River and the upper reaches of the Danube River in southwestern Germany are the cradles of Celts. They first appeared in these areas around the beginning of the tenth century BC.

The early Celts were always tribal, and they never formed the concept of a country. In Roman times, barbarians, always regarded as disrespectful names, were called the three barbarians by the Romans, Germans and Slavs.

However, the Celts were one of the earliest tribes to use iron. In Europe, where bronze was still popular, the Celts continued to expand and migrate with sharp iron. In the seventh century BC, some tribes settled in eastern and central France. In the fifth century BC, it gradually spread throughout Europe. It was also during this period that the Celts landed on the island of Great Britain and settled in Ireland and Scotland today.

Most of France is inhabited by Celts. The Romans called Celts in France, Belgium, Switzerland, the Netherlands, southern Germany and northern Italy Gauls.

During the prosperity of the Celts, in 387 BC and 279 BC, the Celts invaded and looted Rome and Greece respectively, and migrated as far away as today's Turkish generation. Spain, Italy, Portugal and other regions are also the back gardens of the Celts. The Celts in this period were almost as bad as the later Roman Empire, but the Celts never formed a unified country, and the tribes often fought endlessly.

This led to the decline of the Celts after the rise of the Roman Empire.

As early as the third century BC, the Celts looted Rome on a large scale, which made the Romans always remember this painful shame. From 59 to 49 BC, the Roman emperor Julius Caesar defeated the Celts in Gaul and made Gaul a Roman province.

The Celtic culture on the European continent was gradually melted by Roman culture, and the Celtics who landed on the island of Great Britain were also facing the invasion of the Roman Empire. At that time, the Roman emperor Claudius landed in present-day Britain in 43 AD and once conquered the central and southern parts of the island of Great Britain, but he never really occupied Scotland, let alone Ireland, although the Roman Empire conquered most of the island of Great Britain for 400 years.

With the disintegration of the Roman Empire, Roman rule on the island of Great Britain began to disintegrate. In 407 AD, the Roman army retreated, and the Celts began to establish their own order and life.

However, the good times did not last long. In 449 AD, new invaders landed in Great Britain, and three Germanic tribes began to attract the attention of the Celts. It was also during this period that the most famous "King Arthur" story in British history was born. According to textual research, King Arthur is based on the story of a general who fought against the Germans.

The Germanic invasion, which lasted for a century and a half, was a Germanic conquest in British history, also known as the Teutonic conquest. During this period, the Celts living in England either fled or died, and almost disappeared.

The Celtics in Ireland gradually began to accept other fleeing tribes and began to integrate with each other. In 759 AD, the Vikings rose, occupied Dublin as a base and invaded Ireland. Around 1000, Brian Boluo became the first king of all Irish people, and led the Irish army to defeat the Danes in Dublin in10/4. Since then, the Irish (that is, the Celts living in Ireland) have a real Celtic country with Dublin as their capital.

Picts originally lived in what is now Scotland. In the 6th century, at the end of the Germanic conquest, a tribe from Ireland, Scotland, conquered the Picts and named these lands after its own tribe. 1 1 century, the king of England took a fancy to Scottish land, and England conquered Scotland in 1296. But then in 1297, under the leadership of william wallace (the hero of the brave heart in the film), Scotland won the battle of Sillington and almost made Scotland independent. King Edward I of England of England made a comeback on 1298. After Wallace's defeat, he continued to lead the Scottish people in guerrilla warfare until he was betrayed by a traitor and executed by Edward I of England in England in 1305. 1306, Bruce Robert proclaimed himself king of Scotland. Robert was badly beaten by King Edward I of England of England, and his wife and children were arrested, so he had to insist on playing video games. After Edward I of England's death, II was mediocre. Robert completely drove away the English army in 13 14, and Edward III did not recognize Scottish independence until 1238.

Wales is also a descendant of Celtic, but it has been occupied by England for a long time, and it was Edward I of England of England who completely incorporated Wilson into the territory of England. However, Wales often wants independence. The joint decrees of 1536 and 1542 unify the administration, politics and laws of England and Wales (which is why the British Crown Prince is called "Prince of Wales").

Today, Irish, Scots, Welsh, English Cornwall and French bretons all belong to Celts.

Invited! Celtic is a representative nation in Europe. During the Roman Empire, it was called the three barbarians in Europe together with Germanic and Slavic, which shows that the folk customs are tough. The definition of Celtic in foreign countries is still controversial. Some people think that the Celts are a nation, but others think that the Celts are just a group of people who speak the same language, not the same nation.

From now on, Celtic is not a single nation, but a language group formed by the great integration of different nationalities, which is easier to understand. Broadly speaking, Irish, Welsh, Scots, English Cornish and French bretons can all be included. This is a concept.

The early Celts refer to the tribal peoples who use Celtic. It originated in eastern France and southwestern Germany. In 500 BC, it began to spread like the whole of Europe. According to some historical records, it can be considered that Celtic was used before English appeared in the British Isles. Until today, the Gaelic people in the mountains of western Scotland still use this language, which is considered to be ancient. The ancient Celts did not have the concept of a national capital, but all existed in the form of tribes. They are called barbarians, because this nation is quite bellicose and is born a warrior. The whole of Europe left traces of their fighting, but after the great ethnic integration, the definition of today's language ethnic groups was finally formed, not a single ethnic group, not a single ethnic group!

Celts, together with Germans and Slavs, were called the three barbarians in Europe by the Romans during the Roman Empire, and they are also one of the representative nationalities in Europe today.

Today, the Isle of Man, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Cornwall, England and Brittany, France all belong to Celts. Among them, Welsh, Cornish and Irish are the representatives. Many of them have made great achievements in academic and scientific fields, as well as arts and crafts, and are proud of their Celtic ancestry.

The Seine River in eastern France, the upper reaches of the Royal River, the Rhine River and the upper reaches of the Danube River in southwestern Germany are the cradles of Celts. They first appeared in these areas around the beginning of the tenth century BC. In the following centuries, Celts spread and migrated to the surrounding areas in the form of armed tribal alliances, and carried out military immigration. They were the first people in Europe to learn how to make and use iron and gold ornaments. They defeated the tribes still in the Bronze Age with iron weapons and settled in eastern and central France in the seventh century BC.

From the 5th century BC, they began to infiltrate and expand all over Europe.