How to Answer Sentence Questions in Modern Chinese Reading

Looking at the Chinese test questions in the college entrance examination in recent years, the examination of "key sentences" in the text is 100%. However, many students wrote for a long time when answering such questions, failing to answer the key points, wasting time and not scoring. To this end, let's analyze the relevant questions of the 2007 college entrance examination. Skill counseling: The so-called "meaning" refers to the "meaning" contained in speech, which should refer to the content, and generally refers to the implicit information of speech rather than the explicit information (literal meaning). The important sentences that proposers often choose are: short sentences with rich meanings, sentences that have a great relationship with the center of the article and the author's thoughts and feelings, and sentences that play an important role in the structure of the article. Context analysis and metaphorical stippling are the main methods to solve the problem. Context analysis refers to the method of understanding according to the context, because the meaning of an important sentence may be fully explained in the sentences before or after it. If you focus on analyzing these sentences, it is easy to get the answer. Figurative stippling is to understand the meaning of a sentence by understanding the corresponding relationship between figurative figures of speech, that is, it can be used to explain the vehicle or ontology. The key to using this method is to find the corresponding relationship accurately. Misunderstanding of thinking: far-fetched; Doping skills; Generalization is one-sided. Example 1: Explain the meaning of the following two sentences. (1) Children who don't grow up will grow up after a trip to the northwest. (2) The heaven and earth in the south are too delicate to stand the fight. (Question 15, Volume I of the National College Entrance Examination in 2007) Related paragraphs: (1) Traveling on the Gobi Desert is full of great sadness. Take a trip to the northwest, people will be strong; Traveling to the northwest will make children grow up. (2) Maybe one day, everyone will suddenly wake up: the world in the south is too delicate to stand a fight. It is crowded with people, buildings and cars. People will find the northwest calling us. Although the wind is dry and the water is salty, there is a sky where birds can spread their wings and soar, and there is an oasis where life can thrive. Problem solving analysis: The paragraph where the sentence (1) is located is the author's comment after describing the harsh environment in northwest China, which is divided into two levels. One is that the northwest is full of tragedies, and the other is that you can feel strong and learn to be strong here. Analyzing the sentence "children who don't grow up will grow up", the so-called "growing up" means that they are immature in the northwest and have no spiritual character, and "growing up" means that they have these characters. Answer: (1) The harsh environment and tenacious struggle of living in the northwest will strongly shock foreign children and let them learn to be strong and mature as soon as possible. (2) This sentence is selected from the penultimate paragraph. Through the comparison between the northwest and the south, it shows that the north has a vast sky and a rich oasis of life. From this, the author thinks that the south is not as rough as the north. The answer is: the south is too delicate and fragile, far less rugged and tough than the northwest. Related paragraphs: (1) However, when the flood that has been pursuing freedom since ancient times was finally locked up, people suddenly felt pity, disappointment and loss. ..... At this time, it is only a few days before the closure of the Three Gorges Open Channel. The supply will be cut off at that time, and the urgently needed goods should be shipped out as soon as possible. Visitors from all over the world should take a last look at the original Three Gorges. At that time, I, like all tourists, looked sad and melancholy. (2) Millions of immigrants have made great sacrifices for the construction of the Three Gorges Project. They abandoned the story of their ancestors living in a land far away from home, moved away the scene of a village crying when drinking farewell wine in the open air the night before, and kowtowed to the hometown of the surging Yangtze River before leaving, which touched me again and again and made me pay tribute. At that time, I really felt that they were the protagonists who bid farewell to the Three Gorges. Problem solving analysis: Although this question examines the understanding of sentences, it also implies the comparison of different emotions between "tourists" and "immigrants" when bidding farewell to the Three Gorges. The former is just a "last look" farewell, while the latter is a nostalgia for "leaving home for everyone" and a sacrifice of "leaving home for everyone". The answer is: (1) The farewell of vagrants only bid farewell to the "primitive Three Gorges of the Yangtze River", which only gave birth to pity, melancholy and loss. (2) The farewell of millions of immigrants is the pain of leaving their homes and the great sacrifice of abandoning their homes. Skill guidance: when answering important sentences that need "appreciation", we should start from two aspects: artistic techniques and ideological content. Context analysis, structural analysis and explanation can be used. When reading a paragraph, there is often a more important sentence in front of it, and then explain it with examples or other ways. To understand this sentence, it is natural to find the answer through these illustrative examples or explanatory statements. Misunderstanding of thinking: one-sided answer, speculation. Example 1: Please enjoy the sentence "Seeing so many small creatures, persevering in this snow, my eyes are dyed bright". (Question 19 of Tianjin College Entrance Examination in 2007) Related paragraphs: The sentry carefully opened the snow layer with both hands in front of a boulder next to the edge of this green carpet and told me to watch. When I was walking under the boulder, someone gave me a beautiful little flower. Small flowers, one by one, cluster by cluster, saving and squeezing, fighting for their heads. These small flowers are only slightly larger than rice grains, white, purple, blue, red and yellow, colorful and dotted. Seeing so many small creatures, living tenaciously and vigorously in this snow, my eyes were dyed brilliant. I looked at these little creatures in surprise. They seemed to stare at me with affectionate eyes ... These rice-sized lives seemed to tell me that hope, longing, love pursuit and yearning are the essence of all life. Even if it is freezing, everything in the universe is cold, and they will stubbornly raise the buds of beauty, and will never easily land the sails of life. Problem-solving analysis: when answering questions, we should start with the understanding of the key words in the sentence itself, and analyze the expression skills used in this sentence and the author's feelings contained in this sentence. Perseverance and exuberance uses personification rhetoric to show the tenacious vitality of Xiaohua. The word "brilliant" indicates that the author is in a happy mood. The answer is: using anthropomorphic methods, the tenacious vitality of small life is written. In vivid language, I wrote down my surprise and touch when I saw these little lives. Examination method 3: The author explains the reasons and skills of important sentences in the text: the so-called "important sentences" generally refer to: in the text structure, the opening sentence, the closing sentence, and the transitional sentence; In the sentence content, we can summarize the central sentence of the paragraph, reveal the central idea of the article, the main idea sentence of the argument, the central argument sentence, and the implied sentence with rich connotation and profound meaning. Analysis of the reasons why the author said important sentences in the text is usually only from the content, not involving artistic techniques. Misunderstanding of thinking: copying from east to west, incomplete generalization, and summing up mistakes. Problem solving analysis (Guangdong Volume 17, 2007): Throughout the whole text, the article is written around the thoughts and feelings of "I love mud", so the sentence "I love this natural mud" is obviously the theme sentence of this article. The fourth paragraph describes the muddy mountain village life scene in early spring from the perspective of text structure, and expresses the emotion of "I love this natural soil" with independent paragraphs. Then, expand the association ("Mud often reminds me of ……"), so this sentence is a transitional sentence connecting the preceding with the following in the text structure. Answer: Because mud brings a simple and natural life atmosphere to the countryside; Mud gave birth to a "trekker"; Mud makes people naturally recall the hard history of the nation; "Mud" naturally reminds people of the vastness of the land and the significance of the motherland. Problem solving analysis (Jiangxi Volume,No. 18, 2007): Reading through the whole paper, it is not difficult to find that the author adopted the method of restraining first and then promoting, highlighting his unique feeling and profound feeling after visiting Mount Tai. At the end of the article, the author said with emotion: "In a sense, Mount Tai is a mirror, reflecting everyone's value." To understand the meaning of this sentence, it is necessary to make clear who has written in the article and what their thoughts, talents, personalities and values are, and then outline them, which becomes the answer to this question. A: Whether it is a scholar, an emperor or a tourist, Mount Tai shows their differences. From Du Fu's and Li Bai's poems describing Mount Tai, we can see their different thoughts, talents, styles and temperament. From Qin Huang's and Wu Han's meditative behaviors, their exaggerated and weak personalities are revealed. From the author's second visit to Mount Tai, it shows that he is extreme and finally content with smallness and mediocrity. Examination method 4: Skills of explaining important words and sentences in the text: To explain the meaning of words in the text, we need to try to figure out and analyze the words examined according to the specific context with the help of relevant word knowledge. Generally speaking, it does not involve expression. Specifically, it is 1. Based on the original meaning of words, the specific temporary meaning of words is determined by combining the language environment. 2. Confirm the scope of relevant context, analyze the content of relevant context and reveal the meaning of words. 3. Use context to distinguish the referential meaning of words. To distinguish the meaning of a pronoun, we should start with the upper and lower sentences of the pronoun, and find the specific object it refers to from the upper and lower sentences from near to far, so as to understand its meaning. Context should also be used to distinguish the referential meaning of those non-pronoun words. Generally speaking, in the context of such words, there are usually sentences that explain these words. Find these explanatory sentences and the answer will come out. Misunderstanding: misunderstanding, inaccurate generalization. Problem solving analysis: The question is at the end of the first paragraph, but the answer is in the penultimate paragraph. We can know from Shen Congwen's "dream" that the following is an explanation of his "life ambition" or "ideal". We can extract useful information from this article to form an answer. Answer: Call back some healthy memories and beautiful dreams for the nation with the beauty of nature, humanity and ancient civilization.