Migration and distribution of Chao surname

Chao is an ancient surname, but in today's list of surnames in Chinese mainland, it is not in the top 500, ranking1222nd in Taiwan Province Province. Although the total population is small, there are many counties, mostly Runan, Guo Pei, Chenliu, Xunyang, Linchuan, Lujiang, Taishan, Huainan, Yong 'an, Hejian, Linru, Huayin, Hedong, Qinghe and Linru. The birthplace of hipsters is the Weihe Plain in Shaanxi Province today.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Chao clan mainly lived in Henan, Shaanxi and other places, and then gradually became a local noble family. During the Qin Dynasty, the Chao family in Linru, Henan moved to Pei County, Jiangsu Province. During the Western Han Dynasty, some members of the Chao family in Ye County, Henan Province moved to Pingyu County, Henan Province. By the end of the Han Dynasty, some members of the Chao family had moved to Lujiang, Anhui Province, and Chao Yan from Henan Province had moved to Shandong, where he served as the prefect. During this period, hipsters have been active in Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Anhui and other provinces, among which Henan is the main ethnic stream.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were frequent wars and social unrest, and large-scale southward migration involved Chao's family, so there were traces of Chao's activities in Hubei, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and other places. During the Jin Dynasty, Chao toured Liangzhou, Xunyang and Jiangxi as secretariat; In the Southern Song Dynasty, Chao Gai was appointed as the prefect of Linchuan County, Jiangxi Province.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, hipsters were widely distributed and developed. In the early Tang Dynasty, hipsters followed Chen Yuanguang into Zhangzhou, Fujian, which was the first time that hipsters entered Fujian. During the period of Tang Xizong, some hipsters entered Fujian with Wang Chao, and then moved to Guangdong. During this period, hipsters were more widely distributed in southern China.

During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the most striking feature of the Chao family was still moving to the south, so that most of the celebrities of the Chao family came from the south, such as the philosopher Chao Dunyi, the lyricist Bang Yan and the phonologist Chao Deqing.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chao people developed more prosperously, and there were also Chao people living in Taiwan Province Province, Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou. According to historical records, in the early Ming Dynasty, the five brothers moved from Jiangxi to Mayang, Guizhou. In the early Qing Dynasty, Fujian people moved to Taiwan Province Island, while Guangdong people lived in Taiwan Province Province. From then on, the Chao people can be described as mountains and rivers all over the motherland.

According to the genealogy document "Anhui Huaichao Genealogy", "In the early Ming Dynasty, good people moved to Anhui, and saw Longshan Wei Zhi, Changjiang Haozhi and Nanling Yangzhi, who were full of energy and vulgar, and gave up this, and their children were grandchildren and had families." The truth of Chao Dong's shift is far from poetic. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Anqing, as a battleground for military strategists, fought bloody battles for 19 years. In the 24th year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1363), Zhu Yuanzhang frequently fought bloody battles with the two armies of Chen Youliang, and the fertile land here was already deserted and overgrown with weeds. In this context, more than 100,000 Jiangxi immigrants took Waxieba as the migration port, left their homes and sought a way out in Anqing. At present, the historical materials we can see describe Jiangxi immigrants roughly the same: First, most immigrants are single and unmarried young people, and occasionally brothers walk together; Second, before settling in Anqing, the immigration history was completely blank. According to the records of Chao's genealogy in Anhui, Chaoshan Chang had a genealogy when he moved abroad, but it was later destroyed by soldiers. With these two points, it is enough to explain the compulsory immigration. The ancestor of Chao family in Anqing is no exception. It's good that a person can find a foothold on the vast Yangtze River as soon as possible, squeezed in the hungry and cold immigrant team. How to choose your future home in leisure? With the feelings of despair and hope, Chaoshan Chang stepped onto the strange land outside the Bagua Gate in Anqing step by step. Chaoshan's diligence and wisdom are different. He came from Hongdufu and was an excellent jade craftsman in Hongdufu, which made Chaoshan Chang not only gain a firm foothold under Wansongshan Mountain, but also made a small fortune, married and had children, and established a family. Due to the long history, the identity of the "Jade Craftsman" in Chaoshan is just a guess, because his two sons are Zhuo Qiong and Zhuo Gong. How can a jade craftsman have such a rich imagination?

The second ancestor of the Chao family, Zhuo Chaoqiong, was also very good at Zhuo Chao's work. The elderly "live in seclusion as a scholar after the provincial examination" and concentrate on business. Young people studied in western Sichuan and became officials. From then on, they lived far apart. And the descendants of Joan, that is, the three ancestors and four ancestors of Chao family, are even more "loyal and honest, and their career is Jia Xiaoyang". Since then, chaozhou people has thrived here and passed down from generation to generation. With the concerted efforts of several generations of Qi Xin, by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, more and more Chaozhou clan houses were built around the second ancestor's old house, gradually forming a narrow lane. The surrounding residents used to call it "Jia Chao Lane". During this period, the business district outside Baguamen in Anqing, due to the prosperity of Anhui seaport pier, has been extended to the King Temple to the west and expanded into a bustling Ximenwai Street. As a place name, Chaojiaxiang has lasted for about 200 years. By the forty-eighth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 17 10), Zhao Kangshu, the ninth ancestor of Zhao's family, had begun to compile the genealogy of Zhao's family in Anhui. In the preface, it had been written that "the mountain chief moved to Anhui from Waba and lived at the foot of Baiyun Mountain (Wansongshan Mountain), that is, it was now peaceful and its old name was Jia Chao Lane." Why did Taiping Jing replace Chaojiaxiang? Taiping xingguo temple, referred to as Taiping Temple for short, was originally located at the foot of Song Wanshan outside the Zhengguan Gate in the west of the city. According to legend, it was built in the Xianhe period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (326-334 AD). When Chao Shan Chang, Zhao's ancestor, moved his capital to Anqing, Taiping Temple had a history of nearly a thousand years. With Taiping Temple as its neighbor, Chaoshan people often built their first house in Anqing. While the Chao family developed slowly and eventually formed a lane, Taiping Temple also experienced two key periods: the reconstruction of the old system at the end of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty and the large-scale reconstruction in the following year. Over the past 200 years, with the attention of officials of past dynasties, Taiping Temple has successively built buildings such as Wanshou Pavilion, Ancient Building Hall, Wenshuyuan and Huazang Building. , initially formed the momentum of the great Zen forest. During these 200 years, Jia Chao Lane declined due to the continuous migration of Jia Chao's descendants, and was annexed due to the expansion of Taiping Temple. An old immigrant street quietly disappeared on the map of the old city. Taiping Temple, on the other hand, has continued its glory for 200 years. On the west side of Dong Si Temple, Baiyi Temple and Zhuxi Temple were built, becoming one of the four largest temples in Anqing. The old street in front of Taiping Temple is also called "Taiping Land", in which "land" means land boundary, which shows the scale and momentum of Taiping Temple in that year.

Today, the proportion of Chao family in provinces and cities in the Yangtze River valley is relatively higher than that in other regions. There are hipsters in Hefei, Anqing, Huaining, Changfeng, Beijing, Zhangzhou, Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces.