Immigrating to Mars in 2030

The national aeronautics and space administration announced that it would send humans to the earth in the 265438+30s. Although this goal is likely to be delayed, only one goal is moving forward. Since the beginning of the Mars program, scientists have been exploring the potential impact of long-distance space flight on the human body.

Just like a long-term car ride will cause backache, astronauts need to face six major challenges when traveling in space for a long time.

On the earth, the human body is used to the gravity of the earth, and there are a lot of reference objects around it. When we exercise, the brain will judge the current position and action, so as to maintain a good sense of balance.

But in space, astronauts face a zero-gravity environment, and there is no reference around them, which will make the brain lose its sense of balance and lead to "seasickness". 1968 during the Apollo mission, astronauts suffered from severe seasickness, but it did not affect the mission in the end.

Because there is no gravity in space, astronauts basically float in the air. If they don't walk for a long time, their legs and feet will change. Moreover, because astronauts need to hook the fixed rod with their toes when sleeping and going to the toilet, their toes will be deformed. After astronauts return to earth, they often need long-term recovery training to get their legs and feet back to normal.

At present, the spacecraft can't be fully functional as in science fiction movies. In the process of space travel, astronauts basically have no open space for activities. They can only see the dark world outside through the small window on the spaceship, and may occasionally see a few lights. Being in this closed and dark environment for a long time may have a bad influence on the psychology of astronauts.

On earth, if we are in a bad mood, we can vent it by exercising and drinking. However, in space, astronauts only have teams. If the astronauts' mood deteriorates gradually, they may bear each other's anger, which may lead to unexpected accidents. However, according to the survey, human beings tend to become more active after entering space, because seeing the world from the universe will make people feel calm.

Of course, in order to make astronauts have better psychological quality, all astronauts need to receive very systematic teamwork learning, and long-term space travel may require emotional stability with drugs.

On the earth, because of the gravity of the earth, muscles and bones have been helping us to fight against gravity and exercise our bodies invisibly. If we go to a planet with stronger gravity, we can get stronger if we live for a while.

But in space, or Mars, gravity will be greatly weakened. Even if it reaches the surface of Mars, the gravity is only one-third of that of the earth, which means that the muscles and bones of the body will be irregularly exercised and gradually worn out. If astronauts go into space, they must exercise for three hours every day to avoid the loss of muscles and bones.

In addition, due to the lack of gravity, the food eaten by astronauts will also float in the stomach, thus creating a feeling of fullness earlier. If astronauts can't eat according to quality and quantity, it may also lead to malnutrition.

There are many floating particles in space. Because there is no wind, these particles are not round, but basically angular. This space particle may scratch your eyes and cause scratches.

The lack of gravity in space will also affect the vision of the eyes. Due to long-term weightlessness, the brain will gradually accumulate fluid, which will make the back of the eyeball bulge, thus changing the shape of the lens. This effect is an irreversible vision problem. At present, no solution has been found, and making the spacecraft have gravity is the best way.

If we catch a cold on earth, we will often ventilate and wash our hands, but in space, ventilation and hand washing are very extravagant.

Long-term space travel, as long as one astronaut is sick, in a closed spaceship, it is basically a public space, and the air is basically unable to circulate. It is very likely that all astronauts will be sick. Spaceships that travel in space for a long time in the future may be equipped with isolation cabins, and even the smallest cold needs isolation. After all, the medical capacity in space is limited, and it is basically impossible to return to the earth hospital.

In order to prevent astronauts from getting sick, astronauts need to be isolated several weeks in advance before the space mission to avoid getting sick.

As long as you go into space, most emergencies can only wait for death.

I believe that most people have experienced acute gastrointestinal diseases, and this kind of pain is simply unbearable. On earth, we can get to the hospital quickly and help us to relieve. But in space, there are no hospitals and professional large-scale equipment, and astronauts can only help each other.

According to the possible emergencies in space, researchers have prepared a variety of coping strategies. At present, astronauts can perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in space, and even set up an operating table and perform simple minor operations within 20 minutes.

Although astronauts will face many dangers when entering space, the screening of astronauts is also very strict. The physical condition of all astronauts in the world is basically perfect, so the probability of abnormal situation is very low.

Knowing the six challenges of astronauts, are you still interested in visiting space?