Can I apply for marriage registration when I apply for immigration to the United States and receive the notice from the Immigration Bureau?

That depends on what notice you receive. As long as you get a green card, you can get married. If you don't get a green card, don't get married, because if you get married, your priority will be downgraded. If you are the first priority, you will be reduced to the second priority and the scheduling will start again. For example, I am waiting in line now, and being an unmarried child over 2 1 year old is the second priority. If I get married before getting a green card, I will automatically become a married child when I am over 2 1 year old. This is the third priority, and the schedule will be delayed by about 8 years, which means you will have to wait for 8 years before getting a green card. And if you want to get married as soon as you get a green card, you must provide proof of love between two people, such as previous intimate photos, because you are afraid of fake marriage, and now the investigation is very strict.

If the embassy comes for an interview notice, it will be very quick to apply for a visa, 3-5 months.

Going back to China before getting a green card depends on how you go abroad. Now student visas can go back to China without re-visas, and other visas need to be certified.

You can help your spouse apply for a green card, and the priority is the first. The specific application time depends on the schedule. You can search the American curriculum online, but it will take several years. But once you are naturalized, you don't have to wait. You can go in about a year. Naturalization is to take a citizen exam after getting a green card for 6 years, with a passing rate of about 60%. You can become a citizen through naturalization.