How to do a good job of soil and water conservation

First, respect the laws of nature, give full play to the function of ecological self-repair, persist in returning farmland to forests and grasslands, comprehensively manage small watersheds, unswervingly build agricultural infrastructure, combine the ecological construction of soil and water conservation with the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, and strive to achieve simultaneous improvement of ecological, social and economic benefits.

Grasp the work in four aspects: 1 is to adhere to the small watershed as a unit, unified planning, comprehensive management, and achieve the unity of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits. 2. Regard vegetation restoration as the top priority of soil erosion control in the Loess Plateau. According to the characteristics of drought and lack of rain in the Loess Plateau, the scientific allocation of grass first and then irrigation is implemented. 3. Combine management with protection, actively implement measures such as closed management and resettlement, and rely on the joint efforts of man and nature to restore vegetation. 4. Combine governance with development, adjust the land use structure, promote the development of leading industries in rural areas, increase farmers' income, and strive to achieve a win-win situation for ecological construction of soil and water conservation and farmers' income increase.

Two, closed management is a major change to the traditional soil and water conservation work and agricultural production mode, involving all aspects of soil and water conservation ecological construction, and do a good job in the following aspects:

1, do a good job in combining large-scale enclosure with comprehensive management of small watersheds. It can be said that the two are an organic unity. Small watershed management requires large-scale vegetation restoration, and vegetation restoration is inseparable from small watershed management. According to the ecological construction strategy of soil and water conservation, we should strengthen fence protection and continue to do a good job in comprehensive management of small watersheds. And we should adjust measures to local conditions, treat them differently, and optimize the proportion of prohibition and manual management. In this way, the close combination of human and natural forces is a powerful guarantee to accelerate the ecological construction of soil and water conservation, and only in this way can the control achievements be maintained and the benefits be high.

2, grasp the combination of closing hillsides to grazing and building basic farmland. Building high-standard basic farmland and solving the problem of farmers' eating are the basic conditions for closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation, building soil and water conservation ecology and realizing beautiful mountains and rivers. Vigorously develop high-standard terraces, ditches and dams, Sichuan terraces, floodplains, flood diversion and siltation. Especially in northern Shaanxi, harnessing ditches and dams and developing agriculture on the dam are important contents of basic farmland construction, with good benefits and quick results, which are well received by the masses.

3, do a good job of closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and house feeding. Animal husbandry is the main way for people in mountainous areas to solve the problem of spending money. However, the predatory management of traditional sheep industry has caused devastating damage to natural vegetation resources. In order to keep the achievements of enclosure and not rebound, it is necessary to closely combine with the reform of feeding methods and adjust the structure, layout and varieties of rural animal husbandry by means of administrative, economic and market regulation. The full implementation of "closing hillsides to prohibit grazing and raising sheep in houses" has achieved the goal of protecting the achievements of fences, greatly improving the efficiency of raising sheep and increasing the income of the people.

4. Do a good job of closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and ecological migration. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the development of rural small towns and the needs of ecological environment construction, the gradual implementation of ecological migration is an effective means to ensure the implementation of closing hillsides for afforestation, which must be closely combined. For the alpine and deep mountain areas that rely on steep slopes for land reclamation, serious soil erosion, difficulty in draught and poor living conditions, various ecological migration methods such as overall migration, scattered migration and relocation migration are actively adopted, and the population is appropriately concentrated in places with better conditions. At the same time, we should do a good job in fencing barren hills and slopes to reduce and put an end to man-made damage.

Third, the closure and control is a new topic of soil and water conservation ecological construction, a major strategic decision to speed up soil erosion control, a concrete measure to implement "prevention first, protection first", an effective combination point for ecological environment construction to follow natural laws and economic laws, and a grand systematic project.

First of all, we should unify our understanding and strengthen our leadership over the work of eliminating pornography and illegal publications. Closing hillsides to facilitate forest (grass) and restoring vegetation by relying on ecological self-repair ability are important measures to accelerate the pace of ecological construction of soil and water conservation under the new situation. Leaders at all levels, especially water administrative departments at all levels, must stand at the height of the overall situation and strategy, fully understand the necessity and importance of implementing the ban, unify their thinking, strengthen their leadership, implement their responsibilities, and work hard.

Secondly, scientific planning, including closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation into the comprehensive management plan of soil and water conservation, and unified organization and implementation. Combined with the adjustment of rural industrial structure, taking small watersheds as a unit, scientifically determine the scope and area of artificial afforestation land, grassland and natural forest enclosure area and the layout of other soil and water conservation measures, make unified planning, unified design and unified implementation, and truly improve the comprehensive management and the "three major benefits" simultaneously.

Third, innovate the mechanism, do a good job in policy guidance, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties to participate in enclosure management. First, earnestly implement the auction and contract management policy of "five wasteland", adhere to the principle of "whoever builds, owns, manages and benefits", separate the "two rights", clarify the ownership, let go of the right to use, and implement the right to use forests and grasslands to households by means of bidding or contract management, which will remain unchanged for 70 years. The second is to encourage workers and urban residents of various ownership economic entities, party and government organs and institutions to contract, participate in closing hillsides for afforestation and house-feeding breeding, and enjoy the same policies as local farmers. Third, support policies such as tax reduction and exemption, loans, etc. should be adopted for individuals and units contracted to treat the "three wastes" and control the development of small watersheds to promote their development.

Fourth, strengthen publicity to promote the smooth implementation and management of the ban according to law. Make full use of various media to increase publicity, and conscientiously implement laws and regulations such as soil and water conservation law, sand prevention law, forest law and grassland law. For closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation, it is necessary to define the scope, set up fences and landmarks, organize full-time or part-time management teams, implement the responsibility of management and protection, formulate township rules and regulations for closing hillsides to prohibit grazing and protecting forests and grasses, and incorporate them into township management.