Regional differences of Pudong dialect

Pudong dialect is widely used in the east of Huangpu River. Nanhui and Chuansha (except Chuansha riverside area in Qing Dynasty) are typical "Pudong gossip", but the whole Pudong area is also slightly different. According to the phonetic features, the typical Pudong dialect in the whole region can be divided into three large areas. (1) Huinan area, including most of the former Nanhui County (including the vast area south of the former Chuansha County), is a typical Nanhui dialect; The film is divided into small pieces of Mud City with blunt pronunciation, including towns such as Mud City and Luchaogang along the southeast coast of Nanhui and areas such as Situan, Ping 'an and Shaochang in the southeast of Fengxian District.

(2) Zhou Pu film (Chuansha film), including Zhou Pu, Kangqiao, Zhangjiang, Beicai, Hua Mu, Tang Zhen and other towns, Chuansha City and the former Huanglou Town.

(3) Tuanpian, including datuan town, Datuan Township, Sandun Township, Hangtou Township, Xinchang Township and the area south of Dazhi River in Xuanqiao Township, has the characteristics of tone sandhi in Fengxian and Songjiang. Chuansha County was established late. Most areas in the Qing Dynasty belonged to Shanghai and Nanhui counties, and their dialects were similar to those of Shangnan county. Modern Chuansha phonology, represented by the old school phonology in Chengxiang Town, still retains many basic features of 100 years ago, such as the integrity of initials б, б, rich entering phonology, and [ts]: [t? The correspondence between the two groups (divided into sharp tone groups), the convergence of tone sandhi between the rising tone and the rising tone, and the different tone sandhi behaviors, and so on. But since 1930s, especially after liberation, the communication between Chuansha and Shanghai has become more and more frequent, and the pronunciation of Chuansha dialect has also changed. For example, the fricative sounds of lips and teeth [f] and [v] have been widely used by people of all ages, and the initials of "opposing, attacking, eating and punishing" are no longer [φ] and [b], but [f] and [

The regional differences of Chuansha dialect are mainly vowels and tone sandhi in marginal areas, which are slightly different from those in southern areas. For example, Tang Jia and coastal areas still retain traces of the mother tongue of Qidong and Haimen immigrants; The vowel in the north and along the Pujiang River is [O], which is the same as the urban dialect. At the end of Qing Dynasty, the areas along the Yangtze River belonged to Shanghai, such as Yang Jing, Yangsi and Tangqiao. The local aborigines speak a local dialect between the urban dialect and Chuansha and Nanhui dialects, which is basically consistent with the traditional accent of the old city of Shanghai before the 1920s. Six tones (five new dialects in the urban area, seven dialects in Chuansha and Nanhui) sound soft and waxy. In terms of tone sandhi, there are obvious differences between the northern part of Gao Qiao (ancient Taicang Prefecture, Jiading dialect area) and the south along the Pujiang River, such as Old Leg, 22-53 along the Pujiang River, which is in tune with the urban area; Gao Qiao 23-33, South 13-2 1.