How to transfer the historic sites on both sides of the Three Gorges?

The Yangtze River basin is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization. 1084 square kilometers of the Three Gorges Project reservoir area was once an important area for ancient ancestors to work and recuperate, with rich cultural relics resources. Up to now, there are still many ancient buildings standing on the ground, and a large number of ancient cultural sites and tombs are buried under the first and second terraces. On the ground here, there are inscriptions on Baiheliang in Fuling, the world's first ancient hydrological station, Fengdu Mountain, a world-famous ghost town, Shi Baozhai, a pearl of the Yangtze River in Zhongxian County, a rare and precious "Double Que in Han Dynasty" in the south of Zhongxian County, a magnificent Yunyang Zhangfei Temple in the temple and colorful stone carvings in the Three Gorges. Underground there are the famous Wushan Daxi ancient cultural site, the Fengdu Yandunbao Paleolithic site, one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China from 65438 to 0996, and the Zhongba cultural site in Zhongxian County. After the Three Gorges Project is completed and impounded, these rich cultural relics will be submerged or seriously affected. Timely protection and rescue of these ground cultural relics, systematic excavation of underground cultural relics, and good protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River are a cause that benefits the present, future generations and mankind. It is the responsibility entrusted to our generation by the country and history. This is the requirement of the Three Gorges Project itself and the common aspiration of people. It is also an important aspect to measure the success or failure of resettlement work in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

The party and the state have always attached importance to the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area. Since 1950s, the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources has cooperated with the cultural relics department to carry out cultural relics resources investigation in the Three Gorges reservoir area. 1990, the Feasibility Report on the Migration Demonstration of the Three Gorges Project of the Yangtze River specially listed a chapter on the protection and relocation planning of cultural relics and historic sites, and it was approved by the State Council and the National People's Congress together with the 1992 migration report. 1993, National Cultural Heritage Administration organized national cultural relics experts and

About the author: Liang Fuqing, male (1952-), a native of Chongqing, director of the Immigration Management Consulting Center of the State Council Three Gorges Office, professor of Three Gorges University, and tutor of master students, mainly engaged in reservoir resettlement management and research on sustainable development of regional economy.

Relevant cultural relics workers went deep into the Three Gorges reservoir area for investigation, survey and trial excavation, and began to plan the collection and arrangement of relevant basic data. Subsequently, the cultural relics departments of Hubei and Sichuan provinces set up protection workstations for the cultural relics departments of the Three Gorges Project in Yichang and Wanxian to carry out specific cultural relics protection work such as investigation, survey, excavation and relocation. The State Council 1993 issued the Regulations on Resettlement for the Construction of the Three Gorges Project, which clearly stipulates: "If the professional facilities and cultural relics submerged by the Three Gorges Project need to be rebuilt, they should be rebuilt on the submerged line in advance according to the construction plan of the resettlement area and the principle of economy and rationality." The Outline of Flooding Treatment and Resettlement Planning for the Three Gorges Project of the Yangtze River also points out: "Cultural relics and historic sites in flooded areas and resettlement areas should be protected in accordance with the provisions of the Cultural Relics Protection Law and the principles of key protection and key excavation." According to the arrangement of the State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee Office, entrusted by Hubei Provincial Immigration Bureau and Sichuan Provincial Immigration Bureau (now Chongqing Immigration Bureau), 1995, China History Museum and China Institute of Cultural Relics sent hundreds of scientific workers from more than 30 universities and scientific research units across the country to visit and investigate the Three Gorges reservoir area. 1996, the planning report on the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the flooded and resettlement areas of the Three Gorges Project was initially compiled. After 1997, the office of the State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee and the people's governments of Hubei and Chongqing attached great importance to and made great efforts to do a good job in the protection of cultural relics in the reservoir area, and invested hundreds of millions of yuan in cultural relics protection every year, which promoted the gradual and in-depth development of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area.

2. Characteristics and effects of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River

2. 1 Quantity and characteristics of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River

2. 1. 1 Quantity and funds of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River

Approved by the the State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee, there are a total of 1087 cultural relics protection projects in the Three Gorges reservoir area, including 346 surface projects and 723 underground projects (752 in Chongqing and 335 in Hubei). The archaeological excavation area of 723 underground engineering is 1, 7 1 ,000 square meters, of which Chongqing 1.27 million square meters and Hubei 440,000 square meters.

In 2003, according to the Reply of the Construction Committee of the State Council Three Gorges Project on the Report of Total Funds for Cultural Relics Protection in Submerged Areas and Resettlement Areas and Total Cut Calculation, the total funds for cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were 505.87 million yuan (static funds, excluding the funds for the four key projects of Baiheliang, Shi Baozhai, Gunhou Temple and Quyuan Temple), including 6,543,800 yuan for ground cultural relics protection and 356.28 million yuan for ground cultural relics protection.

2. 1.2 Features of Cultural Relics Protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River

The cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River are a system with its own characteristics, mainly including underground cultural relics and above-ground cultural relics. Its importance and uniqueness can be summarized as follows:

2. 1.2.65438+

2. 1.2.2 There are more than 80 Neolithic sites, which are the key areas to solve the boundary between the eastern and western cultural systems from Jianghan Plain in the Yangtze River Basin to Sichuan Basin.

2. 1.2.3 Cubans, including more than 100 sites and cemeteries in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, are the main areas to solve the mystery of Cuban history.

2. 1.2.4 There are more than 500 sites and cemeteries in Chu, Qin, Han and Six Dynasties, which are important plates to explain how Chu, Qin and Zhongyuan cultures entered the Three Gorges area and gradually merged with the local Ba culture.

2. 1.2.5 Six ancient low water inscriptions and dozens of flood inscriptions since the Song Dynasty constitute a rare hydrological record corridor of ancient stone carvings in the world.

2. 1.2.6 There are several stone tombs in the Eastern Han Dynasty and dozens of cliff statues, inscriptions and cliff poems in the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are not only world-renowned precious works of art, but also historical relics that can explain the important local historical situation.

2. 1.2.7 includes nearly 300 Ming and Qing buildings, such as temples, houses and bridges, which have the distinctive natural features of the Three Gorges and the characteristics of combining traditional culture.

2. 1.2.8 Several ancient plank roads and fiber roads are the largest ancient maritime sites in the world.

2.2 Effectiveness of Cultural Relics Protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River

2.2. 1 Progress of Cultural Relics Protection in the Three Gorges Project Reservoir Area

/kloc-in the past 0/0 years, the the State Council Three Gorges Construction Committee Office, the National Cultural Heritage Administration Cultural Relics and Immigration Department, Hubei Province and Chongqing Municipality have actively organized and implemented the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area. The cultural relics departments of Hubei Province and Chongqing Municipality have formulated a phased countdown plan for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites, signed letters of responsibility and related work contracts with county-level governments and cultural relics protection units respectively, formulated various management rules and regulations for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and carried out the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area in an orderly manner. By the end of 2005, Hubei and Chongqing had implemented 9 13 cultural relics protection projects (323 in Hubei and 590 in Chongqing), accounting for 84% of the planned tasks, including 334 surface projects and 579 underground projects. The accumulated fund is 650 million yuan (dynamic fund). The same below. Four major projects, including Baiheliang, were converted into static funds of 565,438+065,438+080,000 yuan, accounting for 84.5% of the planned funds, and the dynamic investment was 463 million yuan. In terms of underground archaeological excavation, the cumulative excavation area is 6.5438+0.43 million square meters, of which Hubei has completed 400,000 square meters, accounting for 90% of the planned tasks; Chongqing has completed 1.03 million square meters, accounting for 79% of the planned tasks. According to incomplete statistics, thousands of precious cultural relics, tens of thousands of ordinary cultural relics and more than 65,438+10,000 specimens have been unearthed. In the protection of ground cultural relics, hundreds of acres of land have been requisitioned, and more than 300 ground cultural relics have been relocated, rebuilt or preserved. Among them, Hubei Province has completed data retention 7 1, relocation and reconstruction 40, and in-situ protection 5. Except Quyuan Temple, which is being rebuilt as planned, other ground protection projects have been basically completed. Chongqing has completed 96 reserved materials, accounting for 90% of the planned tasks; 46 sites were protected in situ, accounting for 90% of the planning tasks; Demolition of 76 buildings, accounting for 90% of the planned tasks, including relocation and reconstruction of 16 buildings (including Zhangfei Temple). At present, the progress, quality, investment and safety of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area are generally good, and no major quality and safety problems have occurred. Investment in cultural relics protection is basically controlled within the scope of the contract.

2.2.2 Effect of Cultural Relics Protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River

2.2.2. 1 Effect of excavation and protection of underground cultural relics

The underground archaeological excavation project in the Three Gorges reservoir area is progressing smoothly, the construction progress is basically connected with the plan, the investment is controlled within the limit, the construction management is relatively standardized, the excavation work can be carried out in strict accordance with the relevant national regulations on field archaeology, the excavation quality is good, and some new discoveries with high academic value have been made. After nearly 65,438+00 years of archaeological excavations, the academic exploration of ancient historical information in the Three Gorges area has achieved a series of important achievements:

First, the excavation of middle Paleolithic sites such as Gaojia Town and Yandunbao in Fengdu promoted the Paleolithic culture in Chongqing to 554.38+10,000 years ago. The site of Lu Heng and Yufupu in Fengjie is 7000-8000 years ago, which is of great value for studying the transition from Paleolithic to Neolithic.

Secondly, the "Shao Peng Mouth Culture" discovered at Shaopeng and Zhongba sites in Zhongxian County, Chongqing may be the representative of Neolithic culture before Longshan era in Xiajiang area of Chongqing. The appearance of "the lower culture of Laoguan Temple", "Weijialiangzi Culture" and "Shaopengzui Culture" in the Three Gorges area reflects the gradual understanding of the late Neolithic culture in Chongqing. The early cultural remains discovered at the Yuxi site in Fengdu, about 7000 years ago, are of great significance to the establishment of the primitive cultural sequence in Chongqing. Nanmuyuan Site in Badong County, Hubei Province has a well-preserved cultural layer in the period of Chengbei Creek Culture, which is the richest site of Chengbei Creek Culture in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area of Hubei Province. Abundant cultural remains and tombs of Daxi culture period were found in Dushizi site in Zigui county, and Qujialing cultural stratum was found in Guanzhuangping site in Zigui county, which further enriched the cultural connotation of Neolithic age in Xiajiang area.

Thirdly, the remains of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties unearthed from Zhongba Site in Zhongxian County, Shaopengzui Site, Zhongbazi Site in Wanzhou District and Lijiaba Site in Yunyang County have greatly changed the situation that people know little about the early Ba culture in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties in Chongqing. After the Neolithic Age, the archaeological cultural sequence of this period was initially revealed, and the known Ba culture from the tombs in the late Warring States period was pushed to the Spring and Autumn Period, which made the Ba culture form an uninterrupted and complete sequence from Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Warring States period. The Ba people's settlements contain all kinds of information, from functional layout and architectural structure to Ba people's architecture, metallurgy, salt industry and kiln industry, which can be said to open the mysterious door for in-depth study of Ba people's society. Due to the discovery of many Chu tombs, Baishuihe site, Liulinxi site and Guanzhuangping site in Zigui County, Hubei Province, the remains and relics of Shang and Zhou Dynasties were discovered, which provided important physical evidence for studying the relationship between Ba and Chu.

Fourth, after the Qin and Han Dynasties, a large number of city sites, military camps, settlements, tombs, buildings, kiln sites, agricultural relics and a large number of precious cultural relics were unearthed, which supplemented a large number of irreplaceable physical historical materials for the civilization process, war events and environmental changes in Xiajiang area.

Fifthly, the excavation of Jiuxianping site in Yunyang County, Chongqing and Li Jiajie site in Dongmentou, Zigui County, Hubei Province has enabled us to have a further understanding of the county towns in Xiajiang area in Han, Song and Ming Dynasties.

Sixthly, the excavation of Qin, Han, Tang and Song cemeteries provided new data for the study of ancient funeral customs in the Three Gorges area.

At the same time, all districts and counties in the reservoir area have strengthened the construction of cultural relics warehouses, the storage conditions of unearthed cultural relics have been significantly improved, the cultural relics management system has been standardized, and no major security problems have occurred.

Effect of Relocation and Protection of Ground Cultural Relics in 2.2.2.2

The protection of ground cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area is being implemented as planned. The protection of ground cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area has been carried out smoothly, the preliminary work such as the design of cultural relics protection project and land acquisition has been basically put in place, the demolition of buildings has progressed smoothly, the construction of the project has been carried out smoothly, the reconstruction of the project has been strictly controlled, and the quality is good. The task of ground cultural relics protection can be completed as planned. Among them, a number of key ground cultural relics protection projects, such as Zhangfei Temple in Yunyang County of Chongqing, Shuangque in Han Dynasty in Zhongxian County, fengjie county Qutang Gorge Stone Carving, Jing Qing Temple, Yong 'an Palace, Qingfeng Pavilion in Badong County of Hubei Province, Qingtan Residential Building in Zigui County, Jiangdu Temple, Quziqiao Temple and Shuifu Temple, have been completed, and the quality of protection projects is good. They have been put into use in tourism and cultural relics protection and development, and have played a good social benefit. A number of key ground cultural relics protection projects, such as Baiheliang Hydrological Stone Carving in Fuling District, Shi Baozhai in Zhongxian County, Dachang Ancient Town in Wushan County and Quyuan Temple in Zigui County, Hubei Province, are progressing as planned, with normal progress and good quality, and the related tasks of ground cultural relics protection can be completed as scheduled.

The smooth development of the protection of ground cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area has preserved the ancient folk architecture in Xiajiang, displayed the ancient folk culture and historical features in the reservoir area, and created material conditions for the development of folk tourism in the reservoir area in the future.

The Effect of Cultural Relics Protection and Management in 2.2.2.3

The protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area took the lead in implementing the policy of "double responsibility" for the completion of cultural relics protection tasks and the completion of fund use, which effectively improved the efficiency of fund use. At the same time, the people's governments of Chongqing and Hubei Province promulgated the Measures for the Protection and Management of Cultural Relics and Monuments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, which is the first local government in China to issue the Measures for the Protection and Management of Cultural Relics and Monuments. In the protection of cultural relics and historic sites, the Three Gorges reservoir area has innovated single supervision (including underground archaeological excavation and ground cultural relics relocation and reconstruction) and comprehensive supervision, which has promoted and ensured the normal work of cultural relics protection, improved project quality, safe use of funds and improved management efficiency. The single supervision and comprehensive supervision of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area have also been extended to the "South-to-North Water Transfer Project" and the national cultural relics protection work. At the same time, the daily inspection and inspection of cultural relics protection have effectively promoted the healthy and orderly work of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and ensured the normal use of cultural relics protection funds and the implementation of the "double contract" policy for cultural relics protection.

The practice and experience of strengthening the protection and management of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area have been fully affirmed by the the State Council Three Gorges Construction Committee Office, National Cultural Heritage Administration and other relevant departments, and have been popularized and applied in the national cultural relics protection work.

3 Countermeasures to further improve the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River

Protecting and rescuing the cultural heritage and cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River is of great and far-reaching significance for carrying forward Chinese national culture, improving people's national self-confidence, carrying out patriotic education and revolutionary tradition education, strengthening the construction of socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization, and then establishing the image of the Three Gorges civilization project and improving China's international image. At the same time, the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area also has irreplaceable comprehensive value in historical research, art research, natural science research and tourism development. Therefore, we should take effective measures to further improve the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area in accordance with the principles of law and science.

3. 1 Carry out the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area according to laws and regulations, and earnestly strengthen the systematic coordination of cultural relics protection.

We should resolutely implement the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Cultural Relics and the Regulations on Resettlement for the Construction of Three Gorges Project, and at the same time, standardize and guide the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area in strict accordance with the outline of resettlement planning, the use of all-in-one resettlement funds, and the management of resettlement funds. As well as the responsibilities of provinces and cities, so as to ensure the scientific, orderly and smooth protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

The protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River is a systematic project involving many aspects, and it is also a subsystem project of the Three Gorges resettlement project, which needs to be closely linked, coordinated and unified with the construction of the Three Gorges Project and the resettlement project. The construction of the Three Gorges Project is characterized by one-time completion, water storage by stages and continuous migration. As a subsystem of resettlement, the cultural relics protection project in the flooded area and relocation area of the Three Gorges reservoir area must also be synchronized with or ahead of the resettlement work, so as not to delay the construction of the Three Gorges project and the cultural relics protection work in the reservoir area. Therefore, the excavation of underground cultural relics and the migration and protection of ground cultural relics should follow the principle of priority arrangement from low water level to high water level. In order to do a good job in the protection of cultural relics, we should also pay attention to the coordination with the construction activities of resettlement areas.

3.2 Vigorously strengthen positive publicity and guidance, and organize and mobilize the whole society to care for and support the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

3.2. 1 We should make full use of newspapers, television, radio, conferences, materials and other forms and methods to strengthen the positive publicity on the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area: publicize that the party and the state have always attached importance to the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area; Publicize the present situation and development prospect of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area; Actively guide people to correctly understand the positive role of national large-scale construction projects in cultural relics protection, and see that the rapid development and brilliant achievements of cultural relics archaeology in China in the past 50 years after liberation are due to the close dependence on national large-scale construction projects, and the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area will also develop rapidly due to the construction of the Three Gorges Project; Correctly guide public opinion and clarify and eliminate some misunderstandings; Guide people to understand, care for and support the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and form a "Qi Xin Cooperation" to do a good job in the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

At the same time, all localities can also organize and mobilize the whole society to offer suggestions, technical support and economic sponsorship by holding reports, symposiums, organizing on-the-spot visits by investigation groups and other forms and methods. Care, support and help the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

3.2.2 Organize and mobilize all social forces in the Three Gorges reservoir area to carry out and do a good job in the protection of cultural relics.

3.2.2. 1 Strive for the attention, support and leadership of governments at all levels in the Three Gorges reservoir area, strive to make the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the reservoir area a major event for governments at all levels, earnestly strengthen leadership, study, coordinate and solve major problems in the protection of cultural relics at any time, and give the greatest help and support from policies, manpower, material resources and financial resources to ensure the smooth progress of the protection of cultural relics and historic sites.

3.2.2.2 should strive for the understanding, cooperation and support of the construction committees at all levels, land, immigration, geology and other relevant departments in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and then actively cooperate and help in the planning, construction norms, land acquisition, financial guarantee and geological exploration of cultural relics protection, so as to promote the normal development of cultural relics protection.

3.2.2.3 should earnestly strive for the understanding, concern and support of the cadres and masses in the Three Gorges reservoir area for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites, and strive to turn the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area into a matter for the whole society in the reservoir area. It is necessary to take various measures to publicize the great significance of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area widely and deeply, organize and mobilize the whole society in the reservoir area to provide suggestions, technical support, economic sponsorship and action support, and care for, support and help the cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area, such as actively providing relevant clues in underground cultural relics excavation, and actively cooperating and supporting in land occupation, young crops compensation, and providing excavation labor force. At the same time, timely exposure, stop and crack down. In the relocation and reconstruction of ground cultural relics, when the houses with cultural relics value are relocated, the cultural relics departments are offered components with cultural relics value at reasonable prices, and help and support are given in the planning, land occupation and infrastructure provision of ground cultural relics reconstruction.

3.3 Multi-channel and multi-faceted fund raising for cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

The protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River is costly, and the future maintenance cost will be high. Therefore, it is necessary to raise funds for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River through various ways and channels.

3.3. 1 The funds for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area should conscientiously implement the principle of giving priority to national resettlement funds and active support from all parties. Priority should be given to resettlement funds for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and the insufficient part should be solved by the state, cultural relics departments and provincial and municipal finances.

3.3.2 Specially apply to the state for a part of the funds for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area to solve the problem of insufficient funds for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites.

3.3.3 Establish a fund for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and organize and mobilize social forces such as the people, social organizations, non-governmental organizations and relevant foreign organizations throughout the country to care for and support the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area. And through donations, sponsorship, issuing bonds and other ways to widely absorb and raise funds for the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area, for the future rescue and protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges reservoir area and related cultural relics maintenance.

3.4 Further implement the principle of key excavation and key protection, firmly establish the academic awareness of cultural relics protection, and strive to improve the scientific and technological content of cultural relics protection in the reservoir area.

3.4. 1 There are a large number of cultural relics and historical sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area of the Yangtze River, with insufficient protection power, tight time, heavy tasks and limited manpower. Therefore, it is necessary to further implement the principle of "key excavation and key protection", give priority to the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the reservoir area, highlight key protection points, make choices and do things differently, and achieve limited manpower and time.

3.4.2 Firmly establish the academic consciousness of cultural relics protection, and strive to establish the original features and cultural context of the Three Gorges culture. The purpose of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area is not to protect cultural relics, but to protect and establish the original style and cultural context of the Three Gorges culture through the excavation and relocation of cultural relics. First, the excavation of underground cultural relics should firmly establish the awareness of academic topics and focus on forming the academic context of the Three Gorges reservoir area. Through the excavation and research of underground cultural relics, we can understand and explore the formation and development of Ba culture, the exchange, blending and development of Ba culture, and so on. Second, the protection of the above-ground cultural relics should systematically and comprehensively reflect the original features of the culture in the Three Gorges reservoir area. Through the protection, relocation and reconstruction of the above-ground cultural relics, the cultural landscape and historical features of the Three Gorges reservoir area can be reproduced, and the characteristic culture of the Three Gorges reservoir area can be reproduced.

3.4.3 Efforts should be made to increase the scientific and technological content of cultural relics protection in the reservoir area. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of the protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area, the protection of cultural relics in the reservoir area should strive to introduce and apply new theories, methods, technologies and materials to increase the scientific and technological content of the protection work. For example, physical exploration, 3s technology and systematic methods are applied in underground excavation, environmental system theory is vigorously applied in ground cultural relics relocation, and new materials, new processes and new technologies that are safe and environmentally friendly are adopted to achieve the purpose of saving money and achieving great benefits.

3.5 Improve the management system of cultural relics protection in the reservoir area, and constantly improve the efficiency and benefit of cultural relics protection.

3.5. 1 It is necessary to further improve the scientific implementation management system of planning, planning, project approval, consultation and evaluation, construction management (project legal person responsibility system, bidding system, contract management system and construction supervision system), comprehensive supervision, achievement completion acceptance, financial audit and project sales number, so as to promote and guarantee the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

3.5.2 Attach importance to improving the supervision information system for the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area. Efforts should be made to improve the statistics and information work of cultural relics protection briefings, reports, monthly reports, quarterly reports and annual reports, establish archives of cultural relics protection work, and establish an information system with comprehensive and detailed information collection and timely reflection through computer networking, so that cultural relics management departments and relevant leading departments can fully grasp the situation, find problems in time and make timely decisions and solutions. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen the daily inspection and inspection of cultural relics protection, find and solve major problems in time, and ensure the normal and smooth completion of cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area.

3.6 Use Scientific Outlook on Development to promote the protection of cultural relics in the reservoir area.

Using Scientific Outlook on Development to promote the protection of cultural relics and historic sites in the Three Gorges reservoir area means persisting in reform and opening up, emancipating the mind, constantly pioneering and innovating, closely combining the protection and development of cultural relics, giving full play to the comprehensive benefits of cultural relics protection, archaeology, education, tourism and local economic development, and striving to achieve a "win-win" situation in the protection and utilization of cultural relics and promoting the sustainable development of local economy.

The reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River is rich in natural resources, with outstanding people and talented people. In the beautiful natural scenery, various human landscapes are scattered all over the world, forming a world-famous tourist attraction. Tourism is the advantage of the Three Gorges reservoir area. Promoting tourism with cultural relics and developing local economy are concrete manifestations of implementing Scientific Outlook on Development in the protection of cultural relics and historic sites. Therefore, under the premise of strictly distinguishing and using the funds for cultural relics protection and development, we can fully protect and utilize the cultural relics resources in the reservoir area, reproduce the historical features of the Three Gorges through the restoration and relocation of the ground cultural relics, and improve the popularity of the Three Gorges cultural relics in combination with the excavation and display of underground cultural relics, so as to supplement the new cultural and natural landscape of the Three Gorges, systematically develop the tourism industry of the Three Gorges and promote the sustainable development of the local economy. Specific methods are:

3.6. 1 When moving and protecting temples, towers, bridges, stone carvings and other monuments or memorial buildings, we should seriously consider the organic combination of their cultural relics value and tourism development;

3.6.2 During the relocation and protection of traditional houses, folk streets and villages can be built for people to visit while completing the relocation and protection tasks;

3.6.3 Combining the financial and material resources of relevant state departments and localities, we will build cultural relics storehouses or museums and museum areas to preserve and display all kinds of cultural relics, or restore or concentrate some temples, halls and streets with their own characteristics in the Three Gorges reservoir area to reproduce the historical elegance, cultural landscape and natural landscape of the Three Gorges reservoir area for people to enjoy and visit;

3.6.4 Some cultural relics with little value can be sold to domestic and foreign tourists by cultural relics shops approved by the state after being identified and screened by experts, and can also be copied and sold to tourists, so that the cultural relics protection in the Three Gorges reservoir area can better serve the "four modernizations" construction.