Allende socialism is also called "Chile Road". What is Allende Socialism?

In Chile's general election from 65438 to 0970, salvador allende, the leader of the Socialist Party and the presidential candidate of the People's Alliance, composed of the Socialist Party, Radical Party, Producer Party, Social Democratic Party, United People's Action Movement and Independent People's Action Party, was elected president. After taking office, Allende claimed: "My government will not be Marxist", but "move towards socialism through democracy, multi-party system and freedom", which he said was the second mode of transition to socialism.

His "socialist reform" mainly includes three aspects: first, nationalization. Allende government nationalized all the copper mines occupied by American monopoly capital, iron and saltpeter controlled by American capital and other foreign capital; It also enforced, took over, expropriated or nationalized more than 70 monopoly enterprises or enterprises with strategic significance; And nationalized 16 foreign and domestic private banks. The Chilean people excitedly called it "the second independence". Second, implement land reform. In rural Chile, the big manor system is dominant, and about 1.35 million big manor owners control 87% of the country's cultivated land. Allende government expropriated more than 40 hectares of farmland occupied by farm owners, distributed them to farmers, and organized agricultural production cooperatives among farmers. In Allende's first year in power, * * * expropriated 2.4 million hectares of cultivated land from 1328 large manor owners. Third, the implementation of welfare policies. For example, workers' wages are greatly raised, the living conditions of poor households are improved, food and daily necessities are sold at low prices, and half a kilogram of milk is provided free of charge to pregnant women, lactating women and children of families with many children every day.

In foreign policy, Allende government adheres to the position of anti-imperialism, anti-colonization, safeguarding national sovereignty and defending national independence. It is proposed to establish an anti-imperialist front in Latin American countries, support the national liberation movement in Asian, African and Latin American countries, emphasize the coexistence of multiple ideologies and actively develop relations with socialist countries. 197 1, declaring recognition of the people of China.

Allende government is a progressive and democratic government. The reforms it implemented reflected the wishes of the Chilean people and played a progressive role, but they did not go beyond the scope of bourgeois democratic reforms. Allende's government didn't and couldn't break the old state machine, but relied on the old army to realize the so-called economic, social and political reforms in accordance with the bourgeois constitution and current laws, and advocated opening up a new road to realize socialism through legal channels in Chile.

In September 1973, 1 1, the commanders of the three armed forces and police chiefs of Chile staged a coup with the support of the United States. The coup forces demanded that President Allende resign immediately and promised to provide a plane to send him and his family and collaborators out of Chile, but President Allende flatly refused. The coup forces launched an attack on the presidential palace. In addition to using tanks, they also dispatched planes to bomb and strafe the presidential palace. President Allende led more than 30 soldiers of the Presidential Guard to resist and fight until they died heroically. The Allende government, which had been in power for less than eight years, was overthrown by a military coup launched by the right wing, and Chile suddenly fell into white terror. The failure of Allende government's experiment of "moving towards socialism through democracy, multi-party system and freedom" left us a profound lesson.