Why is Portugal so poor?

Why is Portugal the poorest country in Europe?

The economies of southern and eastern Europe are relatively poor. It is said that Spaniards have lunch at 3 pm and dinner at 9 pm. I didn't go to work until 1 1 in the morning.

It is indeed the poorest outside eastern European countries, and now it has been surpassed by Slovenia in eastern Europe.

Albania and Bulgaria are at the bottom, and Portugal can't be poor without being the poorest old-fashioned power? During the period of Alexander the Great, Macedonia was still a powerful country alongside the Han Empire.

Now look at Macedonia, which is similar to Portugal.

Portugal is so poor, why is Macao, once ruled by it, so prosperous now?

Portugal is not poor, okay?

Why is Spain one of the poorer developed countries in Europe?

Mainly in the three waves of scientific and technological revolution, Spanish workers failed to seize the opportunity and lacked the ability of scientific and technological innovation, which is the main reason why Spain lags behind Britain, France and Germany. Anyone who has been to Spain knows that Spain is not very poor, but its heavy industry foundation obviously lags behind Britain, France and Germany.

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Why did Portugal rise as a big country in history and how did it decline?

The most fundamental reason is that these two countries first became nation-states in the modern sense.

Portugal and Spain have been ruled by foreign countries for a long time in history, and the people of the two countries, suffering from aggression, have carried out long-term indomitable resistance, achieved reunification in the resistance and established a modern nation-state. The mobilization ability of this new national form is much higher than that of other countries.

For almost the whole16th century, these two countries monopolized the overseas trade and colonies in Europe. The rich profits of overseas trade and the wealth of the New World continue to flow into these two countries, thus making these two small countries take the lead in dominating the world.

Reporter: Did the Renaissance have an impact on the rise of these two countries?

Opinion: The Renaissance had a direct impact on the rise of the two countries. The humanistic spirit of the Renaissance liberated people from the absolute worship of God in the Middle Ages, established people's supreme position in the world, and greatly enhanced people's courage and confidence to challenge nature and dare to explore. At that time, the discovery of some scientific achievements in ancient Greece and Rome and the new development of science and technology also played a role in opening the eyes of ignorant Europeans. For example, in 1406, the discovery of the ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy's book "Geographical Guide" had a direct effect on the navigation discovery of the two countries.

It was the rise of the Renaissance that made the rulers of Portugal and Spain and European explorers dare to explore overseas, and finally pushed Europe out of the ignorance of the Middle Ages.

Reporter: Both Portugal and Spain have the problem of over-expansion. Have they taken any measures to remedy it?

Opinion: Portugal and Spain have a small territory and a small population, but both countries have vast colonies in Asia, Africa and America. Due to the shortage of national strength and population, they can only control some points, but they can't rule the colonies comprehensively and effectively. Moreover, Portugal and Spain could not bring new modes of production and technology to the colonies like later countries such as Britain and France. They just plundered the wealth of the colonies.

When other European countries ended their campaigns and established a modern nation-state, the great power status of the two countries inevitably declined. Under the conditions at that time, the two countries did not and could not take effective measures to remedy it.

Although expanding reading is the first step to become a world power, the road to becoming a big country in Spain and Portugal is not smooth.

Social upheaval and the decline of the national movement led to the annexation of Portugal by Spain, constant wars with emerging countries and rigid economy, which also made Spain decline day by day.

/kloc-In the 6th century, Iberian Peninsula was far ahead of European overseas undertakings, and gained great wealth from oriental spice trade and American silver mines.

However, by the end of this century, they have rapidly regressed from their respective leading positions. Britain, France and the Netherlands began to infringe on the rights and interests of the Portuguese Eastern Empire and the western American colonies.

Spain and Portugal, two colonial empires that once firmly controlled the eastern trade, easily ceded the maritime leadership to the Netherlands and Britain.

The decline of Portugal

As early as 1580, Portugal appeared before it was annexed by Spain. First of all, the spice trade that made them rich brought a series of chain reactions. Portugal itself does not produce raw materials for trade, nor does it want to produce those handicrafts. The end of spice trade is not Lisbon, but Antwerp. The operating cost of spice trade is also increasing gradually. Portugal needs to spend money for the war in the east, and it also needs to spend money to maintain its alliance with local tribes. More importantly, sailing to India is still full of risks and the mortality rate at sea is extremely high.

The Portuguese expansion in the East can be said to be a bit "excessive" and spread to many places. Portugal has no corresponding population to undertake so many "territories". British historian Charles Boscha said that the Portuguese are "hungry" and want to "eat" everything, but they can't digest it. Portugal has also made efforts to moderately separate the country from trade and hand it over to some companies for operation. But it's no use.

While Portugal's industrial production capacity has not been improved, Portugal's eastern trade has promoted the production of industrial products in other European countries such as Britain and the Netherlands. Once they realized that the Portuguese only sold what they made, they used their fleet to deprive the Portuguese of their strongholds in the Far East step by step and replace them themselves.

The decline of Spain

On the one hand, it is relatively inferior because of the enhancement of the opponent's strength; On the other hand, Spain's rigid economy has laid a hidden danger for this decline from the beginning.

Supported by powerful kingship and fanatical religious belief, Iberian Peninsula conquered the ocean and gained the world. However, almost all the wealth coming in like the tide has been used ... >>

Why is Portugal's economy particularly backward?

Although Portugal is a developed country, it is one of the countries with relatively backward economy. The industrial base is weak, and the pillar industries of the national economy are textile, shoemaking, tourism, wine making and so on. Cork production accounts for more than half of the world's total output, and its export volume ranks first in the world.

Portugal joined the European Union on 1986, and its economy developed rapidly. However, due to the economic recession in Europe in the 1990s, the national economic growth rate declined year by year, and 1995 began to gradually recover. From 65438 to 0999, Portugal joined the euro zone as the first EU country. At present, Portugal is facing a huge credit crisis, and the market is pessimistic about Portugal's economic prospects. The yield of Portuguese government bonds is rising, and the financing cost of Portugal is increasing. Portugal became the third EU country to fall into debt crisis after Greece and Ireland.

Who knows? Why is Portugal so poor now?

The place is small and resources are scarce. Historically, Portugal has been going downhill since it lost its colony.

Why did Spain and Portugal decline?

These two countries should be treated differently. Portugal is really beyond the power of the country. At that time, the population of the whole country was only one million, but it was necessary to defend large areas of densely populated land in Africa and Asia, and it was necessary to constantly open up new territories. Although several commercial stations have been successfully established, such as Altun Island and Macau. However, after all, it was lack of strength, which eventually declined after experiencing many events such as Spanish occupation of the mainland, intensified competition from overseas commercial colonial rivals, and fierce resistance by colonial people. In fact, the decline of the Netherlands is somewhat similar.

Spain is a typical example of complacency. After winning a large area of land and mountains of gold and silver in America, the aristocratic ruling class in Spain became corrupt sharply. With the influx of precious metals into Europe, there have been commodity shortages and currency depreciation. Britain, France and the Netherlands have successfully developed their economies through currency revolution and mercantilism. The measures taken by Spain actually prohibited the export of domestic goods to the colonies, which directly killed the domestic manufacturing industry. Coupled with political tyranny and corruption, gold and silver flowed into western Europe in large quantities. The luxurious life of the royal family is becoming more and more extravagant! The huge wealth we have is only used for consumption, not for production. As a result, instead of developing ourselves, we hindered our progress.

Since Carlos I, five Habsburg family members have become kings of Spain: Carlos I, Felipe II, Felipe III, Felipe IV and Carlos II. Because Carlos I and Felipe II fought in Europe for many years and made enemies everywhere, the national treasury was empty and heavily in debt. In order to make up the fiscal deficit, the tax burden is getting heavier and heavier, and people's dissatisfaction and centrifugal feelings are getting bigger and bigger. The gold and silver returned by Spain from Latin America were plundered by pirates or flowed into Britain and France through trade, which promoted the economic development of these countries, while Spain was declining due to the low competitiveness of industry and agriculture. Due to economic and religious conflicts, Felipe II crusaded against Britain in 1588. However, the equipment of the western navy was backward, and the Spanish Armada was defeated by the storm, so Spain lost its position as a maritime power. 1648, the western front lost the battle against France, and the military superiority on land came to an end. After that, in the war of succession to the throne, Gibraltar was ceded to Britain, Portugal, Italy and the Netherlands fell one after another, and the West gradually declined.

As the inflow of precious metals in the United States decreased, these two countries that make wedding dresses for others finally slowly declined.

Macao was occupied by Portugal so early. Why don't people in China pay attention to it?

Because Portugal was a European power around the16th century, it still couldn't beat the Ming and Qing dynasties, so it never dared to act rashly. They were rented by North Korea with money. With the connivance of some corrupt officials, this situation has been preserved. Portugal has always been the territory of China, and it was not until the end of 19 that it lost its land because of the cowardice of the Qing Dynasty. But at that time, Portugal did not have the strength to push its luck, so it did not continue to invade with other countries.

Why is Portugal's economy the most backward among western European countries?

A place, a custom, Portugal and Spain are famous for their courage and adventurous spirit, which started the era of great navigation, but at the same time, these two countries also have a characteristic, that is, the thinking of nouveau riche, who only know how to squander pleasure but don't know about industrial investment and redevelopment, that is, to gain wealth through adventure and then squander it, and then squander it after it is over. Life is a constant adventure, and wealth is not just squandering. Therefore, although these two countries rose very early, they lacked business acumen and scientific and technological concepts, and they had no industrial background, and their successors were weak, so they declined very early.

Why Lisbon is the first choice to immigrate to Portugal?

First of all, Torre de Belem-the core of the great discovery of navigation.

The most glorious history of Portugal is the great discovery of navigation. The inspiration of this era is Torre de Belé m, and many heroic Portuguese explorers set sail from here and began their voyage. The monastery adopted the characteristics of Portuguese Manuel architecture and witnessed that glorious era. The great navigation monument built in the new century can climb to the top, overlook the scenery of the river entering the sea and recall the charm of Portugal in those days.

Second, Fado-the most Portuguese music

"Fado" means "fate and destiny" in Portuguese. With the sadness of the Portuguese guitar, this is the music that the Portuguese express with their souls. In the streets of Lisbon, you can hear the melody of Fado, which is the deep-rooted emotion of this nation and the yearning for hometown and lover.

The most suitable place to listen to Fado is the ancient town of Alfama, with a secluded winding path and a quaint and primitive restaurant. Fado female singers wearing black shawls sing in the dim light, which makes people really feel this Portuguese-style music style and feelings.

Third, the observation deck-the commanding height of the city of seven hills

Everyone knows that Lisbon is one of the world-famous "Seven Yamanoki". The city is strewn at random, with many viewing platforms and wide horizons. Their presence makes the whole city incredibly shining.

Puerto Sol, San Pedro de alcantara, Graca and Santa.

Luzia, these panoramic viewing platforms are worth recommending. After climbing the steep hillside, you can relax here. Many panoramic viewing platforms have cafes that provide snacks and snacks. On summer nights, there are professional DJs to make it more lively.

Fourth, the historical old street-the real Lisbon

The best way to know a city is to go deep into the local ancient historical blocks and feel the living atmosphere and environment of generations. Although the times have changed, Alfama and Byro are in Lisbon.

Alto, Madagoya, etc. , still maintains the characteristics of the Middle Ages, narrow streets and stairs, neighbors often talk to each other through their own small windows.

The clothesline sticks out directly, making clothes and sheets smell delicious in the sun. Here, you can see the real Lisbon and "Little Lettuce" (the nickname of Lisbon people).

5. Trams-Time Journey on the Track

The mercan/index tram in Lisbon, Portugal is not only a means of transportation for tourists, but also an ancient and charming part of the city. You can easily find the interesting side of the city by riding the yellow tram, and the jingle of bells makes people feel like they are back in the old days.

Six, Belem egg tart-Portugal on the tip of the tongue

The history of Belem Egg Tart can be traced back to 1837, which is a secret biography of geronimo Monastery, and its formula remains unchanged. The rich sour heart and crisp shell of milk make people close their eyes when tasting and savor its indescribable delicacy on the tip of the tongue. If you come to Lisbon and don't eat Belem egg tart, your life will feel incomplete!

Seven, a unique museum-the world's art treasures

There are all kinds of museums in Lisbon, and the museum of carriages is the gathering place of carriages in the world in the 16 and 17 centuries. The Portuguese National Ceramic Tile Museum is located in a former monastery, which is well worth visiting. The National Museum of Ancient Art provides art lovers with collections from all over the world, while the Gubenjiang Museum has both modern and classic experiences.

Eight, Trouvat River-a symbol of leisure and laziness.

Many tourists will have the illusion that this is the sea near the Terje River. The blue Terje ru River is an extremely important existence for Lisbon, both in the past and now. The commercial plaza was once an important port and heart, and the magnificent buildings of palaces and the Arc de Triomphe were breathtaking. Augusta Street is a good place for hiking.

Along the Ruhe River, you can always come to the World Expo Park, which is Lisbon. > & gt