Guanzhong Immigrants in Qin Dynasty

The mistakes of the Qin dynasty led to the fall of Guanzhong and became a short-lived dynasty.

As we all know, Qin was originally a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty. After Ying Zheng, king of Qin, succeeded to the throne, from 230 BC to 22 BC1year, he conquered the six countries in Kanto and completed the unification of the Central Plains. Then he attacked Xiongnu in the north and Baiyue in the south, establishing a huge dynasty with unparalleled territory, which was also the first unified dynasty in the history books of China. But who would have thought that after Qin Shihuang's death, the Qin Dynasty was destroyed in just two years. It is impossible to win the six countries, but it is impossible for the Qin Dynasty to defeat a group of peasant rebels. This is really a confusing trouble. So where is the reason? ?

According to records, in the ten years after the reunification of the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang maintained a huge military line, established a huge authority, conducted many large-scale peace, and completed a huge national defense and civil construction. In order to master the vast territory, especially the old territory of the six countries, Qin Shihuang also built Chidao from the capital Xianyang to all parts of the country, with Yanqi in the east and Wu Chu in the south. He himself has visited many counties along the equator and carved stones in many places to be strong. At the same time, in order to strengthen the defense in the north, a straight road from Xianyang to Yunyang (now Chunhua, Shaanxi) and Jiuyuan (now Baotou, Inner Mongolia) was built, covering the ravine in 1800. Wuchi Road was built in the southwest, which is now the place south of Yibin in Sichuan and Zhaotong in Yunnan, and officials were set up nearby. In addition, Qin Shihuang adopted the idea of Zhao Tuo and others, and moved 500,000 Qin people from Guanzhong to Lingnan to mingle with the local people. ?

Judging from the above records, it can be said that the Qin Dynasty made a strategic mistake, defending outer space and attaching importance to the north and the north. The excessive dispersion of military power led to the prosperity of Guanzhong, which greatly shook the ruling foundation of Qin State. According to people's understanding of that historical book, it is generally believed that the military expedition before the Qin Dynasty was mainly composed of five parts: first, the northern army led by Zhao Tuo, second, the northern army that fought against the Huns, third, the China Guards guarding the Guanzhong, fourth, the criminal army led by Zhang Han, and fifth, the garrison troops separated from all parts of Kanto. According to historical records, after the rebellion of Chen Sheng and Guangwu in the late Qin Dynasty, the Lishan Criminals Corps led by Zhang Han was used by the Qin Empire in advance to stabilize the Kanto War. ?

Yun Yun's point of view, in the decoration of the five legions of the Qin Dynasty, there are still plans to focus on the north and south. But it still seems to be a detour, because Zhang Han's Mount Li Corps was originally just torturers and workers who built Qin Shihuang's mausoleum. Although it later became the main force of counterinsurgency, it was only temporary at best? Turn positive? This reserve force is not a regular army. If you attack the military line of Xiongnu in the north and defend the military line of South Vietnam in the north, what are these so-called? Regular army? Whether Xiang Yu, Liu Bang and others can attack Guanzhong in real time is still unknown. Then why didn't the northern Qin army go north to quell the mutiny? ?

According to historical records, after Qin Shihuang, Qin Ershi succeeded to the throne. In 209 BC, Guangwu and Chen Sheng rebelled against Qin Ershi's cruel rule, and the Central Plains fell into war. However, Ren Xiao, the prefect of Nanhai County in Qin Dynasty, was seriously ill. Before he died, he called Zhao Tuo, then the magistrate of Longchuan County, and explained to him his plan to build a country by relying on the favorable terrain of Nanhai County, so as to resist the invasion of rebels and arrogant lines from all walks of life in the Central Plains. And immediately announced the appointment documents to Zhao Tuo, asking Zhao Tuo to act as the commander of Nanhai County, and told him? There was nothing Qin Zheng could do. The Central Plains was disturbed and invaded, and Panyu, taking the risk of mountains, blocked the South China Sea, with thousands of tools, supplemented by China people. This is also the master of a country and can build a country. ? It can be seen that the local regime of the Qin Dynasty, including Rongxing, which was in the north in advance, did not try to go north for relief, but wanted to take advantage of the gap to occupy the north and build a country for themselves. Later, in order to avoid the spread of the war in the north to the south, Zhao Tuo strengthened the mastery of Lingnan, and conveyed the instructions of defense according to risks to the military line of Nanling Pass, so as to avoid the invasion of the military line of the Central Plains rebellion, and took the opportunity to kill the officials who were placed in Nanhai County during the Qin Dynasty and put them into their own confidants. Later, Nanyue, with Panyu as its capital and covering thousands of miles, was established, calling itself? King Wu of South Vietnam? . ?

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In a word, did the powerful Qin Empire fall only three years behind Qin Shihuang? There seem to be many reasons. When Qin Shihuang was alive, the seemingly powerful rule of the Qin Dynasty was not very stable. Resentment accumulated from time to time in various places, but under the high-pressure policy of Qin Shihuang and the prestige of the first emperor, it was temporarily impossible to set off too much wind and waves. The death of Qin Shihuang in 2 10 BC and Qin Ershi's accession to the throne provided an excellent opportunity for the generation of this disgruntled general. At this time, the military forces of the Qin dynasty were displayed from south to north, and a long snake array was placed, which was broken by the insurgents and broke into the Guanzhong area. As a result, the Qin Dynasty became a short-lived dynasty.