Zhejiang Tingzhou Dialect in Lishui Dialect

Speaking Hakka Tingzhou dialect is probably the product of the war in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and the "San Francisco Rebellion" in the Qing Dynasty. People in Kangxi pointed out: "Zhijiang (Mountain), Changshan (Mountain), Hua Kai (Culture), Wenyiyong (Jia), Rui 'an (An) and other five counties, Chu Zhiyun (Harmony), Longlong (Spring) and other seven counties were trapped for three years, and they were extremely prepared. For another example, although the Xi 'an battlefield exists, the suburbs are either thieves or trenches, which is equal to the injured city. ..... I returned to Fujian, only to find that there was no one in the hundred miles, and there was no smoke in the ten miles. "After the war, Hakka immigrants began in this context. Tingzhou Prefecture in western Fujian is the ancestral home of Hakka people. So far, people who speak Tingzhou dialect in Lishui are descendants of Tingzhou Prefecture in western Fujian, including Changting, Shanghang, Ninghua, Yongding and Liancheng.

There are some differences between Tingzhou dialect in Zhejiang and Minxi dialect, but the similarities are still more than the differences, which are roughly the same.

The migration of Hakka immigrants may be related to the attraction of the local government. The immigrants who moved to the mountainous areas of Zhejiang in the early Qing Dynasty mainly came from Fujian and Jiangxi, and their main business was marijuana and indigo cultivation. According to this, it can be judged that the Fujian-Jiangxi immigrants who moved in the early Qing Dynasty were the products of Zhejiang local government. Tingzhou, Fujian, Nanfeng, Jiangxi. However, Tingzhou people account for less than one-fifth of the total population of Lishui, and Nanfeng people account for 5%.

Today, in Yunhe, Songyang, Suichang, Longquan, Liandu and other places in Lishui City, there are still many descendants of Tingzhou immigrants who speak Tingzhou dialect, retain Tingzhou customs and call themselves "Tingzhou people". According to the census data, there are tens of thousands of Tingzhou people with more than 30 surnames in Guangyun County, most of whom live in the Jinshuitan reservoir area of Niutoushan, and Dayuan Township is the "Tingzhou people" in the town. Hakkas have a proverb: "It is better to sell one's ancestral fields than to lose one's ancestral words". The language of ancestors is that when they are far away from their homeland and have to struggle to survive in the "ruined land", they still hold the mentality that the temples and palaces have not changed and the urban community still exists, and stick to the spiritual pillar of a strong sense of cultural superiority and become an important link to maintain a group from generation to generation. Today, as an administrative unit that once governed eight counties, Fujian Tingzhou Prefecture has disappeared for nearly a hundred years. However, thousands of miles away in Chuzhou (Lishui), the descendants of these Hakkas, like the Qin people in Taohuayuan, "don't know whether there are Han people or Wei and Jin dynasties" and still stubbornly call themselves "Tingzhou people". What kind of power makes these "Tingzhou people" cling to their long-forgotten identity after hundreds of years?

Tingzhou people account for about 18.7% of the total population of Lishui, mainly distributed in Yunhe, Songyang, Suichang, Longquan and Liandu.