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Establish the consciousness of "excellent products" and make efforts to edit.

Collection of the essence of the times, handed down from generation to generation directory.

Mao Zhenpei, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Editorial Board of Changjiang Yearbook

Comrade Li pointed out in his speech at the second national conference on local chronicles: "Now there are many local chronicles but not sophisticated, and there are not many names." He called on: "Chroniclers should have the consciousness and ambition to create fame, ambition and ambition, and write a batch of high-quality chronicles."

Today, the construction of river water conservancy records has been carried out on a large scale, lasting for a long time, and the human and financial resources invested are as always. We are lucky enough to participate in the newly-built river water conservancy annals, so we should establish the consciousness of "excellent works" and strive to compile a generation of famous annals that collect the essence of the times and can last forever. But get out

In the name of "excellent products", we need to pay attention to the following links.

First of all, the attributes of local chronicles should be located accurately.

First of all, we should clarify the attributes of local chronicles, so as to grasp the main line, narrative scope and scientific connotation of local chronicles.

River water conservancy archives include: river archives, lake archives, water conservancy archives, engineering archives, water conservancy professional archives and other types.

River (lake) records are water conservancy records in the basin. It takes a specific water system as the description scope, and takes the management and development of rivers (lakes) and comprehensive utilization of water resources in this basin as the main line. Its scientific connotation mainly includes three aspects: (1) the basic situation of the basin, mainly the situation of various resources, especially water resources; (2) the basic work of river (lake) management and development in the basin; (3) Achievements in the management, development and comprehensive utilization of water resources. Today's compilation of river (lake) chronicles should not be a general chronicle in the basin, such as the Dongting Lake Chronicle compiled in Wannian Spring of Qing Dynasty.

There are two kinds of water conservancy records. As a provincial, prefectural and county chronicle, the water conservancy volume is a sub-chronicle attached to the provincial, prefectural and county chronicles, which should focus on the development of the cause under the jurisdiction of the local water conservancy department and not involve the water conservancy category engaged by other departments. As a provincial, prefectural and county-level water conservancy record, it is a local water conservancy record, which should be based on the development of water conservancy in the region and not limited to the business categories under the jurisdiction of the water conservancy department. Therefore, don't confuse the concepts of "separate records" and "special records" in today's water conservancy projects, thus confusing the difference between "water conservancy undertakings" and "undertakings under the jurisdiction of water conservancy departments".

Second, the structure of the article should be considered again and again.

Compiling a scientific and reasonable catalogue structure is the premise of perfecting river water conservancy records. The following basic principles should be followed in drawing up the content structure of river water conservancy records: (1) According to the requirement of "horizontal and vertical" style, the articles, chapters, sections and items of river water conservancy records should be arranged horizontally according to business categories, professional characteristics or regional characteristics; (2) The "horizontal arrangement" of written programs should conform to the scientific affiliation of business and professional categories, so as to achieve proper affiliation and ownership and not invade Xinjiang; (3) The arrangement of the catalogue should highlight the main line and scientific connotation of this journal; (4) The structure of the article should be convenient for material control to reflect the characteristics of this journal. Now, take the Chronicle of the Yangtze River as an example to illustrate the above principles.

The content structure of Chronicle of the Yangtze River adopts five levels: volume, chapter, chapter, section and heading. Take volume as the category and text as the entity. We have strengthened the macro research on the content structure of the Chronicle of the Yangtze River, striving to better reflect the multi-level and multi-disciplinary characteristics of the Chronicle of the Yangtze River. After repeated research and adjustment, the final title of Quan Zhi is divided into 7 volumes and 25 articles. In order to highlight the main line of river and lake management and comprehensive utilization of river basin water resources, the basic work of river management is comprehensively expounded in two volumes and six articles, including hydrology, survey, engineering geological survey, planning, design and scientific research; 2 volumes 10 articles are used to describe the achievements of governance and development. Considering the complexity of Yangtze River regulation and development and comprehensive utilization of river basins, the results of regulation and development are not classified by a single specialty, but by the network structure of system engineering, so as to facilitate the comprehensive description of interchanges. Management and development are described in two levels. One volume describes flood control, hydropower generation, irrigation, urban and rural water supply, shipping engineering, soil and water conservation and water resources protection according to water conservancy categories. The other volume comprehensively expounds the management and development projects with the characteristics of the Yangtze River basin from different angles, including point (comprehensive utilization of water conservancy hub construction), line (middle and lower reaches river regulation) and area (reservoir resettlement and reservoir construction, lake area development management). The Chronicle of the Yangtze River has three other volumes besides the four that highlight the main line. The first volume is an overview of the river basin, which is divided into five parts: water system, natural conditions, social economy, natural disasters and development management in previous dynasties, summarizing the basic situation of the river basin, especially the situation of various resources in the river basin; A volume of memorabilia, divided into ancient and modern memorabilia and contemporary memorabilia; When determining the content of the Chronicle of the Yangtze River, water administration has not been regarded as the category of water conservancy, so water administration and humanities are listed as one volume.

The Chronicle of the Yangtze River contains six articles on the basic work of river management, which are basically divided into chapters according to the categories of undertakings (majors). Here we pay attention to two points. First, we must ensure the integrity of professional categories and achieve "no leakage". For example, according to the category of water conservancy specialty, planning should include basin planning, major river planning, tributary planning, professional planning, regional planning, inter-basin water transfer planning and so on. Therefore, just because the second Yangtze River basin planning is rich in content, the sub-item of the second Yangtze River basin planning (the second "long flow regulation") cannot be upgraded to two chapters; Nor can we cancel the chapter on regional planning just because the content of regional planning is too little. The second is to ensure the scientific relationship between professional categories, and we can't change and merge chapters at will because of the unbalanced length of each chapter. For example, in the chapter "Chronicle of the Yangtze River and Scientific Research", the chapter "Experimental Study on River Sediment" is several times as long as other chapters. In order to maintain the scientific relationship between professional categories, we have not merged other chapters with smaller space.

However, when dividing chapters according to other editing methods, special treatment can still be made as long as it does not violate the scientific nature of the subject system. Chronicle of the Yangtze River: Comprehensive Utilization of Water Conservancy Project Construction, a total of 10, mostly divided into chapters according to the characteristics of the Yangtze River basin project. There are chapters according to professional work combined with professional categories, chapters according to the scale of projects or projects, chapters according to the middle and lower reaches of water systems, and chapters according to regions. We have given due consideration to the balance of the length of each chapter in these clauses. For example, Chronicle of the Yangtze River and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Conservancy Project are divided into chapters according to projects. In order to highlight the typical water conservancy projects of great significance in the comprehensive utilization of the Yangtze River basin during the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution and the reform and opening up, we have set separate chapters for Danjiangkou, Gezhouba and Three Gorges water conservancy projects, and at the same time merged other comprehensive utilization water conservancy projects into one chapter.

In the original catalogue of Chronicle of the Yangtze River, the water system belongs to natural conditions, and it is treated as the environmental background of water conservancy, just like other river water conservancy chronicles. After further clarifying the attribute orientation of Historical Records, we regard river system as the narrative subject of rivers and list it as the first article of Historical Records of the Yangtze River. According to the characteristics of the Yangtze River, the upstream water system is divided into three chapters: Jiangyuan water system, Jinshajiang water system and Chuanjiang water system. Because according to the principle of geography, the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River should be divided into Yibin and Yichang. At present, the division method of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was established after it was put forward in the Republic of China. The river form, valley landform and hydraulic resources in the upper reaches of Yichang are quite different, so it is difficult to describe them in one chapter. Moreover, there are few descriptions of Jiangyuan water system and Jinshajiang water system in historical documents, and a large number of Jiangyuan water system data collected by two Jiangyuan inspections organized by the Standing Committee have not been published, so it is necessary to divide the upstream water system into three chapters: Jiangyuan water system, Jinshajiang water system and Chuanjiang water system.

Third, we must firmly grasp the scientific connotation.

The basic requirement of local chronicles for narrative content is to firmly grasp the necessary scientific connotation of local chronicles and reduce inappropriate extension as much as possible. Let's take the compilation of Chronicles of the Yangtze River and Scientific Research as an example to illustrate.

To compile the article "Chronicle of the Yangtze River and Scientific Research", we must first distinguish several groups of concepts. Water research is not the same as water science, but based on some disciplines of water science. Water research is not the same as water science and technology, but runs through all fields of water science and technology. Scientific research is not the same as experimental research, but the main research method of scientific research is experimental research.

Secondly, we should define "scientific research" in a broad sense and "scientific research" in a narrow sense. "Water conservancy scientific research" in a broad sense includes scientific research of various water conservancy majors, industries and technologies. The scientific research described in Chronicles of the Yangtze River: Scientific Research is not a broad sense of "scientific research", nor is it just an experimental study of water conservancy projects, but a narrow sense of "scientific research" based on traditional mechanics, experimental theory based on similarity theory and dimensional analysis, and rapidly developing modern experimental technology.

The article Chronicle of the Yangtze River: Scientific Research describes scientific research as a basic work of river management. It is necessary to highlight how scientific research develops as a cause in the management and development of the Yangtze River and how various professional disciplines play a role in river management and construction. Its title structure is divided into chapters according to professional disciplines, and the title is divided into sections according to subjects. Now describe it in chronological order, with tasks and disciplines.

To grasp the scientific connotation of this article and really highlight the main line, we should pay attention to the selection of materials and the description of background and achievements. The selection of materials is not perfect, but it is typical. The so-called typical, first, we should focus on selecting key scientific research topics with major technical problems in important projects; Second, we should focus on innovative, turning and typical scientific research topics in professional disciplines. As for the background, it includes engineering background and subject background. The engineering background does not refer to the introduction of the engineering situation, but the technical problems and corresponding experimental research topics that need to be solved urgently in the engineering; Discipline background refers to the age level and discipline difficulty of discipline theory, experimental methods and testing methods involved in the discipline. First, the actual operation effect of this scientific research project to solve major technical problems; Second, there is any innovation and development in the theory, methods and means of scientific research.

For various reasons, we often need to define the scientific connotation of local chronicles. When compiling the Yangtze River Chronicle Shipping Project, we defined the scientific connotation of this shipping project as: waterway regulation project, artificial canal project, port construction, navigation structure related to the comprehensive utilization of water conservancy projects; As for shipping, transportation, navigation and so on. , a shipping project, belongs to the transportation industry, and its development is only briefly introduced in the overview chapter.

When compiling the Design of the Chronicle of the Yangtze River, because there are many units engaged in the design of water conservancy projects in the Yangtze River basin, and a large number of projects are designed by units other than the Standing Committee, it is difficult to collect data, especially the specific core technical data, so we have changed the scientific connotation of this article accordingly. The chapters of hydraulic design, electromechanical design and construction design mainly describe the achievement level of hydraulic technology, electromechanical technology and construction technology reflected by the designed and constructed projects; However, the development of design work, design theory, calculation method and design intensity can only be briefly described.

When we study the history of water conservancy, it is often because the old historical books only record that someone did something at a certain time, but we are vague about how it was done. Although we have done a lot of textual research, we still can't understand it. When compiling the annals of Xinhe water conservancy, we should especially emphasize the scientific connotation of annals, and don't leave such problems to future generations.

Fourth, pay attention to three kinds of writing.

At the beginning of the revision of local chronicles, some local chroniclers put forward many rules for compiling local chronicles according to the theory of local chronicles. We believe that local chronicles have ambitions before. Of course, the newly revised local chronicles should follow some basic rules in the local chronicles theory, but there is no need to stick to many rules of the old local chronicles theory. In the process of editing the Chronicle of the Yangtze River, we have always stressed that we should master three points: writing horizontally and vertically, drawing fine pictures with the same, and summarizing and conciseness.

1. "Horizontal writing and vertical writing" is the most basic requirement for editing local chronicles.

"Horizontal arrangement" is mainly reflected in the setting of articles, and "horizontal omission" should be achieved; "Vertical writing" should be implemented in every writing unit, and "vertical uninterrupted lines" should be achieved.

The key to prevent technicians from writing records into technical reports lies in "vertical writing", that is, writing the development process clearly. Writing the development process focuses on two contexts: one is the context of the development stage of things; The second is the background of the decision-making process of major issues in the development stage of things. Two clues, the former reflects the whole picture and process of the development of things, and the latter reflects the turning point and change of the development of things.

The difficulty in writing the context of the development stages of things lies in the reasonable division and accurate expression of stages, so as to make them conform to the objective development law of things. It is difficult to write clearly the context of the research and decision-making process of major issues in the development stage of things. First, the research and decision-making process of major issues often occurs at the higher level, and there is no written record of files, which needs to be carefully collected and excavated; Second, differences of opinion on major issues often involve specific units and individuals, and it is necessary to grasp the discretion of account. Writing about contradictions and struggles and writing about research and decision-making is exactly what general technical reports can't reflect, but what local chronicles need.

2. "Detailed, unique and similar" is an important principle of the newly revised local chronicles.

"The details are unique and the similarities are slight" is the general law of the old local chronicles theory. The old local chronicles require that local chronicles be a collection of data, but the new local chronicles are not. In today's knowledge explosion, if the new local chronicles want to gain a foothold in the almost flood of publications and information, it is necessary to strengthen the unique functions of local chronicles different from other books and elaborate their uniqueness and similarity.

When compiling the Chronicle of the Yangtze River, we emphasized "consistency in details". First of all, we require that the specific technical contents elaborated in other books (including technical books on the Yangtze River and the chronicles of water conservancy projects in various provinces and counties in the basin) be briefly described in the Chronicle of the Yangtze River; The development context and research decision-making process rarely involved in these books should be described in detail.

We emphasize "details and similarity", followed by a brief description of * * * issues, while major issues reflecting characteristics and achievement levels should be mainly described to reveal the process of problem generation, research and solution. As far as engineering is concerned, outstanding features not only highlight the specific technical characteristics of the project in planning, design, construction and operation, but also highlight the characteristics of the whole project, including the characteristics of the times.

We emphasize "details, similarities and differences", but we should also deal with the overlap and repetition of the program content of each chapter of the Chronicle of the Yangtze River. Due to the multi-level and multi-disciplinary characteristics of river water conservancy annals and the limitation of article structure, the program content overlap of each chapter is inevitable, and what we need to reduce is unnecessary overlap. The principle of dealing with the overlapping of program contents in each chapter is to focus on the contents required by this article in the corresponding articles according to the scientific affiliation, while omitting or only briefly explaining the contents that have been specifically expounded in other articles. In view of the fact that many people are compiling local chronicles at present, this task should usually be completed by the editor-in-chief or editor-in-chief at the time of final compilation.

3. "Fine overview" is an important link in producing high-quality products.

Adding an overview chapter is the innovation of newly revised local chronicles, and it is also the requirement of the times to emphasize efficiency. We emphasize that the summary chapter of local chronicles should be: summarizing the whole picture and playing a guiding role; Describe the development and play a leading role; Make the finishing point and play an enlightening role.

The general chapter (section) of the annals of the Yangtze River should summarize the whole picture of the categories contained in this chapter, and explain its main connotation and its position and role in the management and development of the Yangtze River; It is not only a simple condensation of the contents of this article (chapter), nor is it written as a summary and introduction.

The overview chapter (section) of each article should describe the development process of the categories recorded in the article (chapter), the main achievement levels in different development stages and the main turning points in the development process. To sum up the development, we should divide the stages according to the development law of the category itself, rather than unify the traditional social development stages.

The old records require "endless words", "including opinions in the account" and even put forward "saying nothing from oneself" When editing the annals of the Yangtze River, we emphasized that the annals of the Yangtze River is not a technical summary, but a higher-level scientific summary. When compiling local chronicles, it is necessary to achieve "coexistence of various theories", but the main idea of "Records of the Yangtze River" should be "the words of one family". We should leave the success, failure, gains and losses, experiences and lessons of our generations in managing and developing the Yangtze River as the most precious spiritual wealth to the people who are managing and developing the Yangtze River, especially the leaders and decision makers. Therefore, in addition to replacing argumentative essays with narratives in the main chapter and objectively and dispersedly recording these successes, failures, gains and losses, and lessons with concrete examples, we also specifically require that the general chapter (section) of each article put forward an understanding of this kind of success, failure, gains and losses, and lessons, so as to enlighten readers who do not have enough time to read through the full text and savor the true meaning.

Every overview chapter of the Chronicle of the Yangtze River has different ways of writing, including success and failure, gains and losses, and experiences and lessons. Because the construction of comprehensive utilization water control project plays a very important role in the regulation and development of the Yangtze River, there are rich experiences and painful lessons in the construction process, and these lessons are often repeated now, so the overview part of the chapter "Construction of comprehensive utilization water control project in the annals of the Yangtze River" holds a positive attitude towards the construction of comprehensive utilization water control project, and tells the success and failure, gains and losses, experiences and lessons directly, hoping to give readers a clear warning and enlightenment. However, the summary chapter of the chapter "Records and Planning of the Yangtze River" has taken another way of writing. Because the main body of the Yangtze River basin planning work is the Standing Committee, we adopt it in the chapter of overview.

Write about the evolution of planning thought and the establishment of the correct guiding ideology of planning, so as to reflect the success or failure, gains and losses and experiences and lessons of planning work.

Five, the establishment of quality assurance system will ensure that the quality of local records is always implemented.

In order to ensure that the editing and revision of Changjiang Chronicle can always be carried out smoothly with high quality, the editorial board has taken a series of measures.

1. The editor-in-chief responsibility system should be effectively implemented in the compilation of Changjiang annals. 1992, the article as a unit, under the leadership of the editor-in-chief, editing, editing three levels of responsibility; After 2000, the editor-in-chief responsibility system was strengthened by articles, supplemented by revision and compilation.

2. The Editorial Committee has set up a compilation group of the Chronicles of the Yangtze River, under the leadership of the chief editor, to strengthen the discussion, coordination and guidance on the whole process of the chronicles of various editorial units; For each local chronicle, an editor is responsible for writing the manuscript and submitting it to the final review.

3. The articles of "Chronicle of the Yangtze River" are compiled by the business centralized department, presided over by the on-the-job or retired business leaders, attended by young and middle-aged technical backbones, checked by veteran comrades who are familiar with the overall situation, and organized full-time and part-time writing teams to ensure the scientificity, accuracy and practicability of the chronicle content.

4. Adhere to the three-draft system of preliminary examination, review and final review. In each evaluation process, all the old leaders and experts should fully discuss whether the chronicle reflects the development course and characteristics of the cause, conscientiously sum up the success or failure of the cause development and the experiences and lessons learned in the research and decision-making process of major technical issues, and sincerely hope to pass these valuable experiences and lessons on to future generations, especially to leaders and experts at all levels who lead the great cause of river management.

5. Institutionalization and standardization of business guidance. The editor-in-chief of Changjiang Chronicle has successively formulated a series of normative documents on compilation rules, work responsibilities, editing and publishing approval regulations, etc. The compilation group of Changjiang annals often discusses the problems in the compilation of annals by various compilation units and puts forward written guidance. After each review meeting, the editor-in-chief will call the editor-in-chief to review and sort out the articles, study the opinions of the comprehensive review meeting, put forward feasible revision plans, and form operational meeting minutes as the basis for guiding the revision and acceptance of the next stage results.

6. In order to ensure the excellent editing and publishing quality of The Chronicle of the Yangtze River, we chose China Encyclopedia Publishing House as the publishing unit among the well-known domestic publishing houses, and organized forces to strictly control the publishing quality. Before each local chronicle is delivered for publication, it must be carefully reviewed and finalized by two deputy editors to make the historical facts described scientific, accurate and practical. As the crystallization of the experience and painstaking efforts of several Changjiang Dai members, we hope that The Chronicle of the Yangtze River will not only become a "land love letter" of the Yangtze River basin, a "water love letter" of the Yangtze River and a "work love letter" of the Yangtze River water conservancy construction, but also become a scientific summary of the development of the Yangtze River water conservancy and play a role in preserving history and providing reference.