Understanding of private education

One world, different education. The school system and private education in all countries are the products of their respective historical, cultural and social structures, with roughly the same appearance, but each has its own personality. As the development history of China's private education is short, it is even more necessary to broaden our horizons, understand and clarify the China issue in the historical and macro-educational comparison, and learn from the "other mountains" to establish the system and value orientation of private education and public education, private education and social development.

The most ideal education is of course Denmark and Nordic countries with the highest happiness index, excellent education fairness and great creativity. Private schools in Denmark are called "free schools", which have a long history and a tradition of local management education. As early as 18 14, the government legislated that citizens have the right to receive seven-year compulsory education, but this does not only refer to school education. Parents have the right to freely choose the educational form suitable for their children.

This idea of freedom of education was first put forward by Rowen, a priest and poet. It originated from the demands of churches and schools for freedom and had a far-reaching impact on the development model of private schools. Danish Law 1855 recognizes that the right to provide education for students does not require the consent of the government authorities, and this right was raised to the constitutional level in Law 19 15. Parents can freely choose schools according to their religious sects, educational ideas or political attitudes, including public schools, private schools, family schools and independent schools founded by parents themselves. Specifically, private schools in primary and junior high schools include the following types: independent rural schools, academic junior high schools, religious schools, progressive and free schools, Waldorf schools, German minority schools and immigrant schools (such as Muslim schools).

The number of students in private primary and secondary schools in Denmark accounts for 13%. The share of private schools in compulsory education in Nordic countries is very small. The number of students receiving compulsory education in Sweden accounts for 3%, and high school accounts for 3.5%. The government fully subsidizes it, similar to the "charter schools" in the United States. Finland 1-8 grade, the number of students in private schools accounts for 1.9%, and the number of students in high schools accounts for 6.2%. School funds are borne by the government. Moreover, the private schools there do not have the nature of "elite schools" and "aristocratic schools" and have no obvious advantages in further studies. Private schools are much smaller than public schools, and two-thirds of them have their own characteristics, such as Montessori School and Waldorf School.

Private education in Germany, France and other countries is universal in Europe. At present, 0/4% of primary and secondary schools in Germany/KLOC-0 are private schools, with 9.3% of students (20112), and the state government provides up to 80% of the school funding. German private primary schools are often church schools, free Waldorf schools or boarding schools. Private schools in junior and senior high schools are divided into two categories: one is "alternative schools", which can replace public schools to implement compulsory education, and the establishment of schools must be approved by the education authorities; The other is "supplementary schools", which can provide courses in vocational fields that are not provided by public schools. In principle, they only need to report to the education authorities for the record.

The values of German basic education protected by the Basic Law are "diversity in running schools" and "freedom in running schools".