Why didn't American history experience feudalism?

/kloc-at the end of 0/5th century, with the development of commodity economy in western Europe, capitalism sprouted in cities such as Venice and Florence, and money replaced land as the main symbol of social wealth and social status. As a medium of payment for exchanging goods, money is plundered by many businessmen.

However, due to the limited metal resources such as gold and silver in the west, gold is hot? It is very popular in the west. Kyle Polo recorded arachis duranensis in the East, giving westerners the illusion that the East is full of gold and silver. Westerners are eager to look for gold in the East. Coupled with the encouragement of religion and the development of science and technology, adventurous westerners began to look for new routes in the East.

1492, with the support of the Spanish royal family, Columbus embarked on a journey to open up a new air route in Asia. However, Columbus never reached Asia in his life, but accidentally discovered the new continent-America. Columbus thought he had finally arrived in India, so he called the local natives Indians, but in fact he did not arrive in Asia, but in America.

America is a new continent. 1607, a British colonial group of about 100 people established Jamestown in America, which was their first permanent colony in North America. In the following decades, Britain successively established many colonies in America, and in the middle of the 8th century, 13 British colonies in North America gradually formed.

1773, the Boston tea party happened, which made Americans who did not obey British rule even more angry. 1774, representatives from 13 states gathered in Philadelphia and held the first continental congress, hoping to work out a reasonable plan to solve this problem peacefully.

However, the British king still insisted on the colonial principle, believing that the colony must obey the British rule unconditionally, and punished the American colony according to this incident. The American colonies originally wanted to solve the problem peacefully with Britain, but seeing that Britain was so unreasonable and belittled its status greatly aroused the resistance of the colonial people.

The American War of Independence broke out in 1775. After a hard war, with the assistance of some French volunteers, the draft Paris Peace Treaty was signed with the British side on1October 30 1782, 165438, and on September 3, 783, Britain officially recognized American independence.

Before the colonists entered America, the social form was tribe and belonged to primitive society. After Europeans moved to America, many colonies were established and colonized. This law can be understood as a kind of capital affiliation, and its economic form exists in the form of plantation economy. Compared with the British capitalist economic form, this is an incomplete capitalist form. More accurately, it can be called "yes". Slave capitalism? .

In other words, the reason why the United States is called no? Childhood? Our country, which has never experienced a feudal society, directly entered the capitalist society because of the influence of foreign colonists. They forced the United States to accept their economic form and brought the American social form directly into the capitalist society from the primitive tribal state.

Before independence, the United States was restricted by Britain and developed? Slavery capitalism? However, why the United States did not establish a feudal system after independence, but directly established a capitalist system on the basis of the capitalist economy left by British colonists and entered the capitalist society, and the reasons are worthy of our study:

First, the leader's personal decision-making influence

The American War of Independence was led by Washington and won. Like many outstanding figures, Washington's life is full of legends. He was born in a wealthy family in Virginia. He was a surveyor when he was young, and later joined the British army to fight against French Indians. 1759- 1774 was elected as a member of the house of commons in Virginia, and then participated in the struggle against British colonial rule.

During the War of Independence, Washington, as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, led the American people to victory in the War of Independence. After the independence of the United States, Washington believed that power should belong to the people, so it advocated the establishment of a * * * peace system and opposed the monarchy.

1787, when Washington presided over the Constitutional Convention, the Confederate Regulations were formulated and announced to be replaced by the Constitution of the United States of America. After that, he won re-election in 1793 and served as president until 1797.

As we all know, a leader's decision has a direct impact on the direction of a country, and this impact is more obvious in the founding monarch. There is no doubt that any decision made by Washington as a leader in establishing the United States will have a far-reaching impact on the future development of the United States.

During his two terms of office, he established policies and traditions with lasting influence. For example, at the end of his two terms of office, he voluntarily gave up power and stopped seeking re-election, which became a routine at that time and effectively avoided the birth of feudal dictators.

At the same time, Washington, as an important leader of the United States at that time, was able to advocate the establishment of a * * * country instead of a feudal dynasty after the victory of the American War of Independence, which was of great significance for the United States to skip feudal autocracy and directly enter capitalist civilization.

Second, the capitalist colonial economy is incompatible with feudal autocracy.

Britain established the 13 colony in the United States, which is a kind of capital subordinate relationship for Britain, so the economic forms such as plantations developed in this 13 colony are incomplete capitalist economic forms.

But even so? Slave capitalism? The form is imperfect, but it still belongs to capitalism. Some slave owners and business owners in the United States have gained a lot of wealth through this economic form. In capitalist society, the state encourages and supports the independent development of commerce, while in feudal society, the development of commerce is subject to many restrictions.

So at that time, the more powerful capitalists, slave owners and others in the United States were naturally unwilling to establish a feudal system. Moreover, the United States has been influenced by capitalist countries such as Britain. After the independence of the United States, Britain, which once ruled by itself, developed rapidly through the development of capitalist economy and became one of the best powers in the world.

This has inspired the United States to a certain extent, and then compared with Britain and France, where the monarchy is deeply rooted, in fact, Americans already have the answer. Therefore, the United States directly established the capitalist system, entered the capitalist civilization and skipped the feudal system.

Third, the Enlightenment effectively stifled the thinness of the feudal system.

From 17 to 18 century, a bourgeois anti-church and anti-feudal ideological emancipation movement broke out in the United States on the other side of the Atlantic. This ideological emancipation movement first took place in Britain, and later spread to France, Germany and other countries oppressed by feudal autocracy. What is the core idea of the Enlightenment? Rational? Therefore, the spearhead of this movement is also directed at feudal absolutism, religious ignorance and privileges that are contrary to freedom, democracy and peace.

The center of the Enlightenment is France, where autocracy and monarchy are deeply rooted. During the Enlightenment, many thinkers were born, such as Montesquieu and Voltaire Rousseau. Montesquieu opposed absolute monarchy, advocated constitutional monarchy, put forward the theory of separation of powers, and thought that law should embody rationality. Rousseau advocated the establishment of a harmonious country.

It was under the influence of the Enlightenment, especially Montesquieu and Rousseau that the United States established a country with a political system of * * * *.

More importantly, they put the theory of separation of powers into practice and applied it to the state machine, so that the president with executive power, the Congress with legislative power and the federal court in charge of judicial power could check and balance each other, which brought the most direct influence that feudal autocracy could not survive.

If the world economy in the19th century was mainly influenced by Britain, then the politics and ideology in this period were mainly influenced by the French Revolution. The rise of great powers

Fourth, the solid class foundation made the feudal system lose its market.

Before independence, the United States lived under British colonial rule, and it developed slave capitalist economy. As an immigrant country, the United States has gathered a large number of immigrants here. They are integrated into this economic form, and most of them work for workers, capitalists and slave owners.

Under this economic form, American capitalists and slave owners increased, so American capitalism had developed to a certain extent before the War of Independence, and its class foundation was very solid. At this point, the United States and China can be said to be similar. After entering modern times, China has been invaded by western imperialism for a long time. Although its capitalist economy has developed, it is far from reaching the level of western capitalist powers. However, the working class developed in this deformed and oppressive economic form. Later, under the leadership of China's * * * production party, it joined forces with the peasant class, skipped capitalism and directly realized socialism in China.

Marx believed that it was possible to develop socialism only in countries with absolutely developed capitalism, but China entered the socialist society according to his own actual situation and historical trend. The same is true in America. After independence, the American bourgeoisie is already very strong, and naturally it will not allow the United States to establish a feudal system. Therefore, under the influence of this powerful class foundation, the United States directly entered the capitalist civilization.

Fifth, the implementation of the confederacy system cut off the possibility of feudal system.

From the historical background of the United States, it is composed of 13 colonies in British North America after independence. Therefore, at the beginning of independence, the United States was actually a loose alliance of 13 States, and the power of the central government was greatly restricted, and each state acted in its own way, which seriously hindered the recovery and development of the American economy. This confederacy system is difficult to maintain national unity.

Naturally, this confederate system is not conducive to the establishment of feudal system. The feudal monarchy paid attention to absolute centralization and emphasized that the monarch monopolized everything. At the beginning of independence, the United States, which used the confederacy system as its political system, obviously failed to meet this standard. The leaders of various States acted in their own way and did not even listen to the orders of the central government.

Although the United States has also adopted the Constitution of 1787 to implement federalism as opposed to confederation, so as to strengthen the power of the central government, like many reforms, this process is very difficult. At the same time, it can be seen from the side that the budding United States is very disgusted with feudal centralization.

So in this context, how could the United States allow the establishment of a feudal system at the beginning of its independence? However, the state's ruling has seriously violated the feudal system principle that the central government directly manages local governments.

Six, under the impact of the western historical development trend, the feudal market is increasingly depressed.

The time of the American War of Independence was very close to that of the first industrial revolution. 1In the 1960s, Britain began its first industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution strengthened the strength of the bourgeoisie, and the bourgeoisie and the proletariat became two opposing classes in society.

With the growth of the European bourgeoisie, feudal kingship became an obstacle to the development of capitalism. In order to better develop the economy, the bourgeoisie in European countries all hope to have a social change, limit or even eliminate the royal power, and create a better development space for capitalism.

Under this social background, European countries have carried out social changes one after another. 1689, Britain promulgated the bill of rights to restrict the royal power, and Britain established a constitutional monarchy, which helped the United States to break out the capitalist revolution in 1789 and promulgated the declaration of human rights.

It has become a historical trend for western European countries to carry out capitalist revolutions one after another. The most direct impact of this is that feudalism gradually lost its market and was abandoned by the times. Developing capitalism has become the only way for western countries to become powerful. Therefore, if the United States wants to step into the ranks of western powers, then they must conform to the historical trend, skip the decadent and backward feudal system and establish and develop the capitalist system.

Conclusion:

Throughout the history of Chinese and western civilizations, the historical process is mostly from slave society to feudal society and then to capitalist society. The United States is obviously the most peculiar existence among them. It skipped feudal society and made a direct transition to capitalist civilization. Moreover, since the independence of 1783, it has only a short history of more than 200 years, which has established its dominance.

The historical development of the United States for more than 200 years is worth exploring and absorbing historical experience and lessons to serve today's China. Why not in America? Childhood? The reason and course of direct entry into capitalist civilization is also worth studying and comparing with the history of China, so that China can learn from it.