Why do you say that the stick is scolded by Koreans themselves?

Whenever Koreans have new news about their application for World Heritage, the China media like to fan the flames with false reports and rub the heat that "Koreans take XXX as their own". China netizens will definitely respond with words like "Korean stick".

"Koryo Bangzi" and "Japanese Devil" and "Indian Sam" are also called the three magic weapons of language attack and racial discrimination by netizens in China.

How did the word "bonzi" gradually become a "joke" in China's modern literary works from the ancient name of modesty among the Korean population, and then became a derogatory term under the keyboard of China netizens?

Self-modesty of Koreans

Calling slaves "houses" first appeared in ancient China, and it has been used ever since it was introduced into Korea and Japan. In A.D. 1 124, Xu Jing, the envoy of the Northern Song Dynasty to North Korea, gave a detailed explanation and description of the "residence" of North Korea in the Map of Xuanhe's Mission to North Korea: "The residence is also a servant of the embassy".

Therefore, "government" actually refers to an official serving in an embassy, which is equivalent to the assistant of an envoy. There is a uniform dress standard, which must be "Tam headscarf, purple dress and horn belt", which is quite decent and has a certain cultural accomplishment, and is not an ordinary servant.

1636, North Korea sent a mission to Japan. In the picture, "house" means "gang". From the position distribution of the picture, it is higher than slaves and translators, which is equivalent to the role of "assistant" of envoys. /The National Central Museum of Korea exchanges the map of envoys entering Edo City.

In Korean, the pronunciation and writing of "Bangzi", "Bangzi" and "House" are the same, which can be said to be a variant of "House" and the prototype of "Koryo Bangzi". The earliest written records appeared in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty.

Wang Yiyuan, a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, lived in Liaodong during the twenty-four to thirty-eight years of Qing Emperor Kangxi, and wrote Notes on Liao Zuo, in which the slaves of North Korean envoys were called "bonzi":

Except for the attendants of North Korean tribute envoys, all the people who rushed to serve were called "bonzi". Women in other countries commit adultery, that is, they are buried as official prostitutes, and their children are called "sticks", which is despised by the whole people. The temples are fluffy and must not be wrapped with a net towel; ACTS in Wan Li, not by car; The ground is covered with grass, and you don't sleep on the kang. Cover the lowliness and hard work in the countryside.

It is not difficult to find that in Wang Yiyuan's eyes, the military attache under the North Korean Mission, known as the "stick", is the "house" written by Xu Jing.

1789 "Yan Xing Tu" by Jin Hongdao, a painter in the late North Korea, after attending Yan Xing, is considered to be the highest skill and level work in the documentary painting of the land envoy activities handed down from ancient times in Korea.

And how did the Qing Dynasty's title of "Bangzi" to North Korean slaves become a neutral word "Bangzi" in the travel notes of North Korean envoys? This is due to the translation of "locals" and Korean descendants contacted by North Korean envoys.

In fact, this group of translators who travel between the mission and the honest officials have a very special identity. The Ligustrum lucidum tribe is adjacent to North Korea. Since the Nurhachi period, Koreans have been incorporated by the Privet tribe. Later, he sent two missions to Korea, and the number of Koreans in the Eight Banners increased sharply.

One hundred years later, it was the "descendants of exiles" who served the North Korean envoys in Qing Dynasty, and it was also what they originally referred to as the untouchable "stick". On the one hand, it is different from the meaning of "house" in Chinese, which weakens its aggression. Translated into the word "bang", it is closer to the identity of the original "house" assistant, and both sound and meaning are accessible. Therefore, the word "Bangzi" frequently appears in the travel notes of North Korean envoys, but there is not much resentment, and it is even regarded as a modest title. ?

Around 1760, Korean businessmen visited outside the Forbidden City.

1766, North Korea's envoy Hong arrived in Beijing, and his book "Journey to Exhibition and Publicity" recorded the strange scene under the language barrier:

Through the temple. There is also a city in the temple. For example, Long Fu Temple. After that. There are fewer rides. Lift the curtains to enjoy. Quite dry. Zhong Ping looked straight ahead and didn't shy away. Pointing is amazing. His assistant looks after the car. Squat in front of the curtain. Muttered curses. Zhong Ping lost consciousness. That's all. There are dozens of children. Fight for the Korean gang. Shouted to chase. I urged Zhong Ping to run. Just to avoid embarrassment.

Hong said that the Qing Dynasty coachman hired a "helper" for him, but when the children of the Qing Dynasty saw the Koreans coming, they called him "Korean helper", but he was not angry.

Park Ji-won, a North Korean who went to the Qing Dynasty at the same time, generously admitted to Qing officials: "The villain is a North Korean gang." It is not difficult to find that under the "polishing" of Korean translation, Koreans do not feel that "bonzi" is discriminatory. On the contrary, they are happy to call themselves "Koryo bonzi" to show their modesty. ?

The map of the Forbidden City painted by North Korean envoys, when some envoys could visit Miyagi.

Another North Korean envoy, Kim Chang Ye, came earlier than Hong Rong Da. When he first arrived in Beijing, he often wore a mink coat to the streets. He is very conspicuous in the local people's travel-stained dress, so he took off his mink fur and called himself a "helper" to hide his eyes and ears, and recorded in "A trip to my home":

"Ask, to' hold'." Bangzi is also called a slave here.

At least it was written by literati, and "Koryo Bangzi" only retained the basic meaning of "group pronoun". It was not until the war that the two countries were in a hostile state that the meaning of hatred and humiliation was gradually attached.

Colonial sticks

Another story comes from Manchukuo, when Korean soldiers hired by the Japanese liked to manage China people with sticks because they were not assigned guns.

This widely circulated "flogging" photo of North Koreans beating their own people was actually taken on the Korean Peninsula under Japanese control at the end of19th century, instead of North Koreans "beating" China people in the northeast.

This torture of taking off pants and spanking actually came from the period of Emperor Wendi of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was one of the "five punishments" in ancient China. It is a light punishment of beating the prisoner's back, buttocks or legs with bamboo boards and wooden boards. It is designed for misdemeanors and is also used as a commutation.

"Whipping" was also introduced into ancient Japan. After the Meiji Restoration, civilization was advocated, and the Emperor abolished Japan's "whipping". 19 10 year, Japan colonized Korea, and in the third year, the North Korean Whipping Order and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the North Korean Whipping Order were promulgated, and flogging was reserved, but it was stipulated that it was only spanking, and the punishment was limited to 16 to 60-year-old men. Until 1920, Emperor Taishi issued an order to abolish the flogging order in North Korea, explicitly abolishing flogging.

Did this criminal law, which was banned on the Korean peninsula, resurface in Manchukuo in the early 20th century? A criminal law that originated in China has become synonymous with the tools of foreign colonists? In fact, North Koreans in Northeast China are the strongest force against Manchukuo and Japan, with the largest number.

Former Korean guerrillas who joined the South Korean police still have five-pointed stars on their hats. /life?

According to the book "Manchuria Revolution" by Korean-American political scientist Li Zongzhi, the * * * production party branch in 1930 was composed of 3,800 Koreans and 150 Koreans. Almost all the peasant families under the organization are Koreans. Even in 1934, more than half of party member and more than 95% of the guerrillas in Manchuria were Koreans.

In the short story Farewell to Seto Inland Sea by contemporary writers, although the name "Korean Bonzi" is also used, the image of this group of Koreans is slightly different from that of Japanese accomplices "Korean Bonzi" written by Lao She, Sun and other writers.

The background of the story is that in a Japanese factory, China workers made a mistake, and in order to escape punishment, they put the blame on the North Koreans, resulting in the North Korean workers being beaten. In response to this matter, the dialogue between two China workers is as follows:

He said, "Korean bonzi is either a translator or a seller of white flour in China. I want to beat them up and let the Japanese do it for me. " ?

Others said: "Koreans also have good ones!"

He said, "Well done, everyone joined the guerrillas to resist Japan! Can you still come here? Our partners are also inferior people in China. Good people have long fought with them. " ?

Korean workers in Manzhouli printed on 1904 Russian postcards.

It is not difficult to find that "good" Koreans go to guerrillas to fight against the Japanese, which is the main force against Japan; Korean cowards were bullied by China in Japanese factories. Are some Korean translators selling white flour "sticks" of Japanese colonialists?

China locals didn't kill North Koreans with sticks. Under the traffic and communication conditions at that time, it was even more impossible for "Koryo Bangzi" to spread all over the country and become a derogatory term that completely replaced "Koreans". Therefore, it is illogical to say that the name "bonzi" of Koreans comes from the lackeys of Japanese colonists.

In addition, the saying of "bonzi" circulating on the Internet is that Koreans love to eat corn, which is the "bonzi" in the northern dialect, but it is actually not reliable.

During the Japanese colonization of the Korean Peninsula, Koreans fled to the northeast of China. Netizens who have read this column in the past must have the impression that one of the greatest contributions of Koreans to the Northeast is to bring rice.

20 14 On June 2, a farmer stretched his arms while working in a rice field on the island of Golden Ping, North Korea. /CFP

In the south of the Korean peninsula, the main crops of Koreans are rice, and the main crops in the north are rice and wheat. Corn cultivation on the Korean peninsula is not extensive, and even Koreans who immigrated to the northeast rarely grow corn.

The main crops of the native Northeast people are wheat and corn. From the perspective of crops, they are more suitable to be called "sticks" than Korean immigrants.

Official rhythm

The word "Koryo bonzi" was indeed derogatory in the Cold War era after World War II, and it spread on a large scale. A 38th parallel divides the Korean peninsula in two, and under the ideological opposition, North Korea and South Korea have also gone to completely different fates.

China's official media People's Daily, which sided with North Korea, directly defined the derogatory meaning of Koreans as "Korean bonzi".

NimChurlJin, a former Korean guerrilla, embarked on his way home after disillusionment. /Life

1950, an enthusiastic reader of People's Daily named Wang Kun wrote to the newspaper and asked him why he wanted to resist US aggression and aid Korea. At that time, "Koryo Bonzi" oppressed the people of China together with the Japanese aggressors, no different from the Japanese devils.

In that year165438+1October 18, People's Daily enthusiastically wrote back to this reader:

"The Korean bonzi you mentioned during the Japanese invasion of China, in terms of its class composition, is now a group of Korean reactionaries headed by Li Chengwan."

27, the People's Daily editorial, once again use the word "Korea bonzi":

"Under the leadership of Chairman Mao and General Kim Il Sung, there will never be any Korean bonzi behavior. After the gang in Li Chengwan was eliminated, this shameful title was eliminated. "

Korean Dragon Boat Festival retains many traditional ceremonies, which is far from China's Dragon Boat Festival. However, the news of South Korea's application for the Dragon Boat Festival is controversial. /CFP

This is the first time that "Koryo Bangzi" appeared in the official discourse system of New China, which was very inflammatory in the cold war atmosphere at that time.

In the literary works in Hong Kong and Taiwan, the ancient name of "Koryo Bangzi" is also retained, but it is not derogatory.

In 1988, The Literati in Focus published in Hong Kong, when introducing Professor Xu from Korea, the title of "Korean Bonzi" was used, and there is no derogatory meaning here. On the contrary, this professor who loves Chinese character culture often talks about "self-modesty". Professor Xu wrote in the book:

"For a Korean, it is precious to write such a passionate poem in Chinese. Xu is tall, he can write beautiful Chinese, and he can also speak beautiful Chinese. He likes to drink China for nothing and sing China minor. No one will expect him to be a "Korean stick" unless you tell him.

2065438+200765438+1On October 24th, Korean Army and US Army held a joint military exercise in Pyeongchang, Seoul, South Korea. /CFP

In the article "From Koryo Bonzi to Taiwan Province ronin", Li Ao, a writer in Taiwan Province Province, called Koreans "Koryo Bonzi" regardless of praise or criticism:

"Although' Koryo Bonzi' became conquered people, they were fierce and ambitious. Under Japanese rule, they resisted the Japanese chaos, fought for their own independence and spared no effort. " ?

It is not difficult to find that the new connotation of "Koryo Bonzi" is the epitome of the failure of prediction in the 1950s. It is still popular on the Internet in China, becoming an "imaginary enemy" rooted in the Cold War mentality, a "fuse" of extreme nationalism and a vanity of racial discrimination.