The origin and development of Cantonese? To what extent will there be arguments to suppress Cantonese? Who can speak Cantonese?

The origin of Cantonese/>; To discuss the formation of Cantonese cuisine on the ground, we must first understand Cantonese. Some people think that Cantonese represents the "Baiyue" language in Lingnan, which is incorrect. Cantonese does retain some elements of the ancient Lingnan language, but what is its main source? Elegant words of ancient Central Plains.

Yayan is based on the primitive China language used by the emperor to lead the Chinese tribal alliance. In the Zhou dynasty, they developed it? Zhongyuan district? The national common language can be said to be the first "Mandarin" in China. During the Spring and Autumn Period, vassal states of various dialects used elegant language in official exchanges, scholars' lectures and sacrificial activities. Confucius said. "Elegant speech, poetry is elegant speech, and salute is also", said Baiyue, the place where Qin conquered. It turns out that the six countries recruited a fugitive and her husband Jia Lingnan, and let them "risk their lives". These Kenyans "from all over the country" must communicate with each other in a polite way. But because Comeda died alone, their language was the only visit in the dock and did not spread to the whole Lingnan area. Zhao Tuo, South Vietnam, built Kang until the country, then adopted Baiyue indigenous dress customs and spoke Baiyue indigenous language. It can be seen that Yayan failed in Lingnan, but a small minority area "Yayan Island" appeared. The spread of elegant words in Lingnan began after the level of Yue in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Han dynasty, a "cross-toed and thorn history" supervision county was established, and the governor who withdrew from Korea was set to cross-toed. China's official communication channels must be elegant, because the two countries are the Han regime. It is generally believed that most of the time (from today to Wuzhou), elegant language is widely used in initials. It is generally believed that the early commercial center of Lingnan. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent envoys from Xuwen and Hepu to open up the Maritime Silk Road, bought overseas treasures such as pearls, jade glasses and stones from the southern trade routes, and then transported them to the Central Plains through Hejiang and Xiaoshui. The elegant words issued by the central government are gradually introduced into this field through e-commerce.

It is generally believed that it is still the center of Lingnan culture. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a large number of literati used this place as a place for sponsoring students to open specialty stores and cultural activities. Among them, the most prominent are literati Chen and Xie Yuanshi. Chen Yuan, known as "Linghai Confucian Sect", was later widely regarded as one of the pioneers of Lingnan culture. Xie used to be the magistrate of Jiaozhi County, at the age of 40, also known as "the leader of seven counties and one county". Many China literati began to appreciate and attach importance to them, and became famous through teaching and giving lectures. Of course, when these scholars spread China culture in the Central Plains, they used symbols recorded as elegant languages by China. During the period of aboriginal culture, I learned China and Chinese characters, and also learned Yayan. So these indigenous languages? There is no variance, no talking to each other, and no writing, so apart from communicating with foreigners in elegant language, tribes must refer to elegant language. In this way, elegant language has become the same language of indigenous tribes, just like the vassal States in the Spring and Autumn Period used the same elegant language and bilingual form, used their mother tongue in their own tribes and communicated with the outside world in elegant language. At the same time, the ancient Baiyue language factor also absorbed the language of Han immigrants, thus gradually forming a Chinese dialect-Cantonese.

Cantonese has begun to take shape, and there is no significant difference with China Zhongyuan. After the Jin Dynasty, the first "Five Chaos in China", the next step is to divide and rule the north and south for 200 years. The northern nomadic people are in the Central Plains, where the culture and language with great influence have gradually disappeared, because Zhou has always been the national language. Here you are. During this period, while the Lingnan area remained relatively stable, the elegant changes of the Central Plains did not occur in Guangdong, China, because the development of the Central Plains maintained its original phonology. Because Professor Li Rulong said, "In the Middle Ages, there were three changes, namely, the differentiation of affricates, the confluence of nasal consonants, the weakening and shedding of occluded tails, and the return to the clouds. Cantonese is generally rejected in many dialects. " Therefore, Yayan has gone in today's north and central plains, and many factors have been preserved in today's Cantonese.

Phonetic stops in Fengchuan dialect: Early Cantonese and Cantonese are both elegant languages, which can control the confirmation of Cantonese and the syncopation in the phonology. Qieyun is China's earliest phonological work. Written in the Sui Dynasty, people in southern China have recorded the phonetic symbols, that is, the late Yayan Yinyun. Judging from the phonology of Qieyun and the seven dialects controlled by China today, the preserved phonology is the largest and most complete Cantonese in the world. Take an example. The ancient dialect of China is in the north. Due to the influence of nomadic language, coda usually stops, so now people don't know how it enters the sound. Other Chinese dialects have been preserved, but they are incomplete. Because Cantonese has been rejected for three times, it is full of ancient entries and neat nasal consonants.

When Guangdong forms a closed and open area, the preservation of the phonology of quaint language is more obvious. "Qieyun" is a group of voiced initials, which means that most of Chinese dialects have disappeared in Cantonese today, and there is no precipitation in Cantonese. However, this means that the complete consonants in Cantonese are cold-sealed. More importantly, when we open the sealed Cantonese, we should not only read the voiced mothers' words, such as harmony, prediction and group, but also read some voiced mothers' words, such as help, ending and watching. We know that "Qinghua" is the law of the evolution of initials in China. According to this law, the more developed voiced consonants are, the older they are. Cantonese means to stop developing the phonology of Qieyun, which has an earlier phonology than Qieyun, and phonology is an elegant language of Han Dynasty. Therefore, it is a rare living fossil of China ancient literary language and early Cantonese, which witnessed the ancient form of Guangdong Guangxin.

Originated from early Cantonese

"Distribution along" is because the center is located in Jingui, Guangxi, at the intersection of Xijiang River. Simply put, Xijiang Hub can move eastward along Panyu District, cross the river westward and southward, and reach Yulin. Hepu, Zhu Jun flows through Beichuan, Nanjiang and other tributaries. In the era of shipping, this is a transportation hub. After the band was established in Guangdong, it extended to the east, west and south with the help of rivers, forming a pattern of "distribution along Ting". Specifically divided into six river basins:

1。 Xijiang-Pearl River Basin extends eastward along Xijiang River to Panyu (Guangzhou), including Guangxi and Zhaoqing, Foshan, Guangzhou, Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Dongguan, Shenzhen, Hong Kong and Macao, especially Guangxin Administrative District of Wuzhou City. During the Three Kingdoms period, the Soochow regime moved Jiaozhou from the state capital to Panyu, the former capital of South Vietnam. Panyu is an oriental port and has been working for many years. Around the Pearl River Delta, land and water transportation is a very convenient condition for developing agriculture and unique commodity economy, and it has gradually become the political, economic and cultural center of Lingnan area. The main area of Cantonese channel. This area of Cantonese is usually called "Cantonese Dialect".

2。 Jiang Xun-Yujiang River is widely used in Xijiang River Basin. Jiang Xun believes that it leads to yujiang county County, Jiaozhi County, including Nanning, Chongzuo and Guigang, and their respective counties. In the early days of cross-toe, Han immigrants settled in the county seat, so Cantonese has a long history in this respect. Cantonese is twice as high, and this area is close to Guangfu. You can talk to each other.

3。 The river flows northward-it is generally believed that the river runoff flows from the south to Hepu County in the north of Hannan Quasi-basin, including Yulin City, Beihai City, Qinzhou City and Fangchenggang City. The Maritime Silk Road, located in the south estuary, became one of the first ports of departure after it was happily opened to traffic, and was an early trade route of Lingnan. With the development of commerce, Guangdong has gradually passed. Cantonese is an ancient phonetic system in China, which has been preserved a lot, but it is not significantly different from Cantonese as a whole.

4。 Nanjiang-Jianjiang River Basin is located in the south of Guangdong International Trust, on the traceable river, across the Jinkai River Basin in Shanxi, including Yunfu, Maoming and Zhanjiang in Guangdong and most of their counties (cities). This passage leads all the way to Leizhou Peninsula. The southern end of Xuwen Maritime Silk Road is the first port of departure, so it is also a commercial center. Jianjiang River Basin is a representative county. During the Southern Dynasties of Liang, Chen and Sui, Mrs Xian, a local slang, was appointed as the magistrate of Feng * * *, seeking a policy of reconciliation with China slang. Therefore, China immigrant culture and local culture gradually merged, and it is generally believed that the problem of traffic congestion will gradually spread to Guangdong. The field of Cantonese has absorbed some elements of local indigenous languages, but generally speaking, the pronunciation is not much different from that of Guangfu, so it is basically called Cantonese.

The dialect area is more than four times, and it is generally believed in the industry that the Ministry will meet with water from the beginning of expansion and will maintain good consistency to a greater extent. The situation in the following two sub-dialect areas is different.

5。 Yang Mo River Basin includes its affiliated Yangdong, Yangxi and Springs in Yangjiang City. Its Cantonese dialect is often called the vowel system of "Er Zheng Zi" in Jianjiang Valley, and some people classify it as "film" (Levin film). In fact, there are significant differences in phonetic combinations between the two sub-dialects, which are difficult to call.

6。 Tanjiang River Basin, including its four cities (districts) of Jiangmen Xinhui, Taishan, Kaiping and Enping. Historically, "Siyi" and the Cantonese era are also called "Siyi dialect", and there are four words to play in Doumen District, Heshan, Zhuhai. The dialect system of Guangzhou, which is not far from the four counties, is one of the biggest differences in the current era of Guangzhou dialect. The reason is that the waters of Tanjiang River and Xijiang River are not connected. This fact strongly shows that as early as in Guangzhou, Guangdong, the center has not been widely valued.

Lingnan culture

Development must protect Cantonese.

1999 1999 20091October, 1 1, the general conference of UNESCO announced: since 2000, February 2 1 day has been the International Mother Language Day. The report "The Territory of Endangered Languages in the World" points out: "Language is the most powerful tool for human beings to maintain and develop their mother tongue and promote sports communication, which not only contributes to diversity and multilingual education, but also enhances the traditional knowledge of every language and culture in the world. On the basis of this understanding, tolerance and dialogue, it has promoted the unity of people all over the world. "

Therefore, the primary protection of cultural heritage protection has become a worldwide issue that has also received attention.

Language is not only a tool for human communication, but also reflects the unique spirit of a country or region in terms of people, production, lifestyle, customs and religious beliefs, and is the crystallization of a country or region's traditional culture. Traditional culture is usually divided into three parts: Guangfu culture, Hakka culture and Chaoshan culture, which is based on the fact that China is the territory of three major dialects. Cantonese is the only mother tongue of Cantonese in this area and the most important dialect in Lingnan area. It not only carries the traditional culture of Guangfu area, but also carries a lot of Central Plains-and the traditional culture has disappeared. Without Cantonese, many varieties of Lingnan culture will no longer exist. So in the process of building a strong cultural province and developing Lingnan culture, we must re-recognize our own values? Cantonese, Cantonese protection must be strengthened. The origins of Cantonese cuisine are both closed and open, especially in this respect.

In recent years, many scholars have called for the establishment of a national language museum, but it has never been realized. Feng Kai and the birthplace of Guangdong Lingnan culture can continue to build a Cantonese restaurant in the museum to collect and accumulate information about Cantonese and its surrounding areas, especially those unique phonetic phenomena, such as the voiced sound mentioned above. The preservation of these rare early Cantonese "living fossils" not only witnessed the formation of ancient Cantonese, but also can be used as valuable materials for studying Lingnan culture, language and ancient China culture.