What is the relationship between Sanmenxia Dam and Xiaolangdi Reservoir?

What is the relationship between Sanmenxia Reservoir and Xiaolangdi Reservoir?

This question can be said to be inappropriate. Because we left Sanmenxia, ??Xiaolangdi can still operate! This is not an inevitable connection between the two reservoirs!

However, it would be wrong to say that there is no relationship at all. Judging from the harsh climate in recent years, a Xiaolangdi reservoir is unable to cope with larger flood peaks. Just like the Three Gorges Dam, it encountered a lot of doubts and opposition from the outside world from the initial proposal to the final operation. The Sanmenxia Reservoir also has this experience! However, the role played by the Sanmenxia Reservoir in recent years is still obvious, although doubts about Sanmenxia have not been eliminated in these years. A dam across the Yellow River does not mean that it will be built immediately. It will still go through various preliminary surveys and demonstrations. The flood control and water storage of the dam will improve the operating conditions of the river to a certain extent, just like not long ago. Just like the opening of the Wangjiaba Gate in the Huaihe River flood storage area, it is precisely because of this operation that it plays an important role in alleviating flood pressure and ensuring the property safety of people downstream!

The existence of any thing has a certain reason. I can also learn more about the Sanmenxia Reservoir! 1. How much do you know about the Sanmenxia Water Conservancy Project?

The Sanmenxia Water Conservancy Project is the first water conservancy project dam on the Yellow River. It is a large-scale water conservancy project with comprehensive utilization mainly for flood control. Known as the "No. 1 Dam on the Yellow River"! The total installed capacity is 420,000 kilowatts, controlling more than 680,000 square kilometers of the Yellow River Basin!

The main body of the Sanmenxia Dam was built in less than 4 years under the guidance of experts from the former Soviet Union. It is a concrete gravity dam with a length of 713.2 meters. The dam is 353 meters high and has a storage capacity of 16.2 billion cubic meters. It began to store water in 1960 after its completion. Sanmenxia Reservoir has become the best project to control the Yellow River. 2. How much do you know about the Xiaolangdi Project?

Everyone must be very familiar with the Xiaolangdi Project. Because I learned it in the textbook! The Xiaolangdi Project is located between Mengjin County and Jiyuan City, Luoyang City, Henan Province, and controls 92.3% of the Yellow River basin area. The Xiaolangdi Project was completed in 2001 and is a key project for the management and development of the Yellow River.

The Xiaolangdi dam top elevation is 281m, the normal high water level is 275m, the storage capacity reaches 12.65 billion m3, the Xiaolangdi reservoir area reaches 272.3 square kilometers, and the controlled drainage area is 694,200 square kilometers; the total installed capacity reaches 1.8 million kilowatts. , the average annual power generation reaches 5.1 billion kilowatt hours.

The Xiaolangdi Project is one of the important projects in my country's "Eighth Five-Year Plan". The area affected by flooding at normal water storage levels is 277.8km2, and the construction area covers an area of ??23.33km2. ***Involving Henan and Shanxi provinces There are nearly 200,000 immigrants in 33 towns and villages in 8 counties (cities). 3. Comparison

The Yellow River is the second longest river in my country, with a total length of about 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of ??about 752,443 square kilometers. Because the Yellow River passes through the Loess Plateau, it will cause a large amount of soil loss and carry tens of millions of soils every year. Sixty million tons of sediment flowed eastward, 1.2 billion tons of which were washed into the Bohai Sea, and the rest remained in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, forming plains. Historically, the Yellow River was one of the most difficult rivers to control in China. There is a story about "Dayu controlling the floods" in ancient Chinese myths, which is about the Yellow River. Moreover, there were many floods in the Yellow River in history. From the history of the Yellow River, You can tell after a few diversions!

The construction of water conservancy projects in our country all have functions such as flood control, water storage, power generation, shipping, and planting. In fact, for dams, flood control and quicksand control are the most critical, and they play a key role in solving the problem of soil erosion and reducing flooding!

The Sanmenxia Reservoir controls nearly 95% of the Yellow River basin area, and its total storage capacity is as high as 36 billion cubic meters, controlling 62% of the runoff of the Yellow River. This storage capacity is only 3 billion cubic meters less than the Three Gorges. meters, which is considered relatively large among domestic artificial reservoirs. Since the impact of sediment was not fully considered at the beginning of the design, 1.6 billion tons of sediment were deposited in the approximately 100 kilometers of rivers from Tongguan, Shaanxi to Sanmenxia in less than a year of water storage, making the rivers in this area higher.

Because of the elevation of the river course, it has had a certain impact on the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Not only that, it has also affected the surrounding areas such as Xi'an. The river course has backwater problems, and floods will cause backflow when a flood occurs. Therefore, a lot of effort has been spent on using sand drainage channels, which not only cannot completely solve the problem of sedimentation, but also cannot effectively generate electricity. In other words, this dam shut down the water and then released it, just like it was not built! Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to say that it is a major failure in the history of water conservancy engineering, and it is indeed one of the major failures left by Soviet experts. According to some netizens, it is: "making up for the Soviet experts."

Therefore, after the completion of the Sanmenxia Water Conservancy Project, not only did it not solve the related problems, but it also created some new natural problems. Therefore, in order to "relieve" the Sanmenxia Reservoir, the Xiaolangdi Project began to be put on the agenda And built.

The construction of the Xiaolangdi Project has effectively avoided some design problems in Sanmenxia. Although the storage capacity is not as large as that of Sanmenxia, ??it can flush sediment through relevant adjustments, allowing more water to be discharged with the least amount of water. A lot of sediment flows into the sea! Thus reducing more flood hazards!

The long period of heavy rainfall after the Mei season has brought a huge burden to the Yangtze River Basin. The Three Gorges has experienced three flood peaks. If it were not for the role of the Three Gorges Dam, the downstream would have been affected one after another.

The two "sister dams" on the Yellow River also play the same role. The purpose is to minimize flooding downstream!