Where is Little Yunnan?

It seems reasonable to say that Little Yunnan is Yunnan, but I beg to differ. Today, Yunnan Province still has places such as Yunnan Post, Xiangyun County and Yunjinqiao, but there is no record of "Little Yunnan".

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, after Zhu Yuanzhang made his capital in Nanjing, he sent envoys to surrender to Liang Wang who occupied Yunnan several times, but they were all rejected, so he ordered Fu Youde and Mu Ying to lead the army to conquer. When Fu Youde conquered Yunnan, most of the 300,000 troops stayed in Yunnan and were assigned to health centers. Until the end of Hongwu and the beginning of Yongle,15,000 households and more than 70,000 people were transferred to various health stations in Shandong in an orderly manner. Although most of these military families are not from Yunnan, they have been stationed all over Yunnan for a long time, and most of their wives are the daughters of Yunnan aborigines. A considerable number of their children were born in Yunnan, and later moved to Shandong with Yunnan as their birthplace. It is reasonable for Yunnan villagers who moved to Shandong to commemorate their hometown in Yunnan with the name of Little Yunnan. But Yunnan is not a "small Yunnan".

Xiao Yunnan said in Shandong

The saying of "Little Yunnan" in Shandong is quite common, and it is also recognized by most people.

Wang's genealogy is now in the home of Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, which started at 1958 and Wang Yanxing continued at 1985. Its contents include genealogy, lineage and so on. According to genealogical records, Wang's original place is "Elm in Xiaoyun, Shandong", and he moved to Liaoning to join the flag in the eighth year of Qing Shunzhi (165 1). Little Yunnan distinguishes the complex shape of people's little toenails and the custom of Wang obeying Manchu, which is rare in other genealogies.

According to Li Lin's book "A Study of Manchu Genealogy", the chapter on clan migration says: "There are two kinds of Han people who moved from Shandong to Shanhaiguan, one is a small Yunnan person in Shandong, and the other is a Yunnan person who moved to Shandong. Where is Little Yunnan? Wang's genealogy in Xiuyan County, Liaoning Province records that in the eighth year of Shunzhi, Wang Ming, the ancestor of Shunzhi, led his four sons to move from Yushu in Xiaoyunanda, Shandong Province to Kangjiatun, north of Fengtian. Judging from this, the so-called' Little Yunnan' refers to Dengzhou, Laizhou and Qingzhou in Shandong Province, not Yunnan Province now. "

According to Zhang's genealogy collected by the First Commercial Bureau of Jilin City, Jilin Province, Zhang's original place of residence before moving to Jilin was "under the elm tree in Xiaoyu Nanda, Shandong Province" and moved to Jilin in Qing Dynasty. This also settled Xiaoyunnan in Shandong. In addition, according to Ma, president of the Friends and Relatives Association of Baiqi Town, shulan city, Jilin Province, Ma lived in Xiaomazhuang, Yunnan, Shandong Province before his death, and moved to Yongji County, Jilin Province in the Qing Dynasty, and then moved to Baiqi Town, county.

The above genealogical records confirm that Little Yunnan is not in Shanxi, nor in Yunnan Province, but in Shandong. And its geographical scope is in Laizhou, Dengzhou and Qingzhou, which is now Shandong Peninsula.

Xiao Yunnan is located in Shandong, which has been proved by most folk genealogies. So where is Little Yunnan in Shandong?

In the early Ming Dynasty, Japanese invaders invaded the coastal areas. Today's Qingdao, Shandong Province, is surrounded by the sea on three sides, with mountains as the shore and staggered harbors. Rob Island is an important place for coastal defense. In order to prevent the invasion of the enemy, seven guards and twelve guards were set up in Dengse and Qingzhou from Hongwu, that is, Anton Wei was in charge of the East China Sea Center (in Lianyungang, Jiangsu) and was placed under Qingzhou Prefecture. Da Songwei has jurisdiction over the Institute of Oceanography and the Institute of Dashan. Jinghaiwei is under the jurisdiction of Ningjin Institute. Chengshanwei has jurisdiction over Xunshan Post Office and Baichiya Post Office. Ahava governs Jinshan Zuosuo, Qishan Zuosuo and Lizhou Prefecture. Lingshan Wei has jurisdiction over Hezhai Qiansuo, Wangxuzhai Qiansuo and Laizhou Special Zone. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (1388), he began to build fortifications on the sea 20 kilometers east of Jimo, Shandong. In the fourth year of Wenjian (1402), Aoshanwei (now Aoshanwei Town, Jimo) was established, which was divided into Xiong Ya Garrison (now Xiongya Station in Fengcheng Township, jimo city) and Fushan Reserve Garrison (now Fushan Station in Qingdao). Until the twelfth year of Qing Yongzheng (1734), Jiankang Institute was merged into Jimo County.

After the establishment of the garrison in Aoshan, the Ming government successively transferred many troops from Wushawei and other places in Yunnan, and these troops were transferred from the Aoshan garrison to the Denglaiqing garrison. Among them, Aoshanwei alone has jurisdiction over more than 40 docks and castles, and about 70,000 people have moved into military households. Their ancestral homes are all over Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Sichuan and even Yunnan. After Fu Youde pacified Yunnan, he settled in Yunnan and kept Uzza as a military camp. From the fourteenth year of Hongwu (138 1) to the early years of Yongle, he was stationed in Yunnan for more than twenty years, and the second generation also grew up. And when they joined the army, most of them were alone. A few wives and small families joined the army after being stationed in Yunnan, while most singles married local women. So after they moved to Aoshanwei, they mostly took Yunnan as their origin. According to the Toponymic Records of jimo city, there are nearly 65,438+0,000 villages in 30 towns and villages in jimo city today, and more than half of the residents call their ancestral home Yunnan or Wusha (Sawei) in Yunnan. There are Huaiyin County, Weining County, Biyang County, Legetun, Zhaoyang Mountain Front, Shizikou, Fengyi County and Niu Jiao Hutong in Gega County. Genealogy is mostly "Wusha (Saha) Wei, Yunnan Sophora japonica" or "Wusha (Saha) Wei, Inner Sophora japonica". There is no word "Little Yunnan" alone. The migration time was mostly from the end of Hongwu to Yongle. Most of them, together with Xu Huizu, moved from Wushawei in Yunnan to Aoshanwei. "Biography of Sichuan Tusi in Ming History" said that Wusha was the residence of the military and civilians. In the 16th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1383), barbarians rebelled, and Fu Youde and Mu Ying reported to the court that Wusha, Wumeng, Dongchuan and Mangbu were close to Sichuan, so please change it to Sichuan. Until the Qing dynasty Yongzheng years, E Ertai ordered the return of the native. Because Dongchuan is close to Kunming and far from Chengdu, Brigadier General Dongchuan, Zhenxiong and Wumengfu belong to Yunnan, and Uzza belongs to Guizhou. According to the Ming Wanli edition of Jimo Zhi, in the 24th year of Hongwu (139 1 year), the population of Jimo County was 13480 households 126800 people. Among them, after the establishment of Aoshanwei, more than 70,000 military households moved from Yunnan at one time, accounting for more than 60% of the total population of Jimo at that time. These military households were stationed in the eastern coast of Jimo with Aoshanwei as the center, reaching Xiong Ya in the north and Fushan in the south, including the whole of Jimo and Qingdao. In Ming Dynasty, Aoshanwei was the political and military center of Jimo. Military families moved from Yunnan live in this area. In order not to forget the hometown of Yunnan, unlike Yunnan, it is reasonable to be here under the name of Little Yunnan. Today, the northeast of Jiutai, the northwest of shulan city and the southwest of yushu city are called "Xiaochangyi" along the Songhua River. Although the official history is not recorded, it is widely circulated among the people. Its name originated after Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, and this area belonged to Bayan 'e Foluo Defense Banner in Yongji Prefecture of Fengtianfu, and 80% of the residents in this area came from Changyi County, Laizhou, Shandong Province after Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. In order not to forget their homeland, they were named "Xiao Changyi".

According to Tan Fujia's genealogy in Changyi County, Shandong Province today, "... was passed down from generation to generation by the Khotan family, and in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Ao Bai Mountain in Yunnan moved to the north of Yicheng and the east of Weishui since childhood, and the village was named Haiyan ..." Tan Yuxiang was written in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, with Tan as a preface. This file clearly shows that before Tan moved to Changyi, he originally lived in Aoshanwei, a small Yunnan province. This statement clearly shows that "Little Yunnan" refers to the eastern coast of jimo city and the urban area of Qingdao. Today's Preface to the Genealogy of Ma Family in Baiqi Town, shulan city City, Jilin Province also records that Ma's ancestral home was "Majiazhuang, Jimo, Shandong Province" and moved to Yongji County, Jilin Province in the Qing Dynasty, and then moved to Baiqi Town, county. All these are enough to show that Xiao Yunnan is in Shandong, and the exact location is on the eastern coast of Jimo, Shandong.

In today's Weihai, Yantai, Weifang and other areas in Shandong Province, as well as in today's northeastern provinces, many surnames have mentioned the name "Little Yunnan" in their genealogy and word of mouth. It is conceivable that the ancestors of these families must be military families who lived in Xiao Yunnan (Aoshanwei) from Hongwu to Yongle. From the middle and late Ming Dynasty, they migrated from Little Yunnan to other places, so their genealogy has the words Little Yunnan in Shandong. The author's ancestors entered Yunnan with Fu Youde in the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, and then moved to Aoshanwei in the 2nd year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (Aoshanwei area has been called "Little Yunnan" since Yongle). In the 21st year of Yongle (1423), the five brothers moved to Shanglinyuan and Beijing, and then moved to Wei Yi (two cities). The ancestor of the author is Haiyan Tan, who moved to Jilin during the reign of Qing Qianlong.

To sum up, "Little Yunnan" is neither in Shanxi nor Yunnan. Small Yunnan is in Shandong, the specific location refers to the eastern coastal areas of Qingdao and jimo city today, and the center is jimo city today.

Little Yunnan is the area where soldiers who returned to the north from Yunnan lived. These people usually call this place "Little Yunnan". In Shandong, its specific location refers to the eastern coastal areas of Qingdao and jimo city today, and its center is now jimo city. In Weifang, Shandong and other places, there are also areas where Yunnan people from the north live together, also known as "Little Yunnan".