Xiaolangdi immigrants

What is the relationship between Sanmenxia Reservoir and Xiaolangdi Reservoir?

For this problem, it can be said that it is inappropriate. Because of leaving Sanmenxia, Xiaolangdi can still operate! This is not the inevitable connection between these two reservoirs!

However, it is wrong to say that it has nothing to do with this. For the bad weather in recent years, a Xiaolangdi reservoir can't cope with those big flood peaks. Just like the Three Gorges Dam, from the initial proposal to the final operation, it was questioned and opposed by many outsiders, and Sanmenxia Reservoir also had such an experience! However, in recent years, the role played by Sanmenxia Reservoir is obvious to all, although the doubts about Sanmenxia have not been eliminated in these years. A dam across the Yellow River is not built casually, but will go through various preliminary surveys and demonstrations. The flood control and water storage of the dam will improve the operation of the river to a certain extent, just like the Wangjiaba sluice in the Huaihe River flood storage and detention area not long ago. It is precisely because of this action that it has played an important role in alleviating flood pressure and ensuring the property safety of the downstream people!

Everything exists for a special reason. I can also learn more about Sanmenxia Reservoir!

1. What do you know about Sanmenxia Water Conservancy Project? Sanmenxia water control project, the first dam of the Yellow River, is a large-scale comprehensive water conservancy project focusing on flood control. Known as "the first dam of the Yellow River in Wan Li"! With a total installed capacity of 420,000 kilowatts, it controls more than 680,000 square kilometers of the Yellow River Basin!

Sanmenxia Dam is a concrete gravity dam, which was completed in less than four years under the guidance of experts from the former Soviet Union. The dam length is 713.2m, the dam height is 353m, and the storage capacity16.2 billion cubic meters. Water storage began at 654.38+0960 after completion. Sanmenxia Reservoir has become the best project for harnessing the Yellow River.

2. How much do you know about Xiaolangdi Project? Everyone must be very familiar with the Xiaolangdi project. Because I learned it in a textbook! Xiaolangdi Project is located between Mengjin County and Jiyuan City in Luoyang City, Henan Province, and controls 92.3% of the Yellow River Basin. Xiaolangdi Project was completed in 200 1 year, which is a key project for harnessing and developing the Yellow River.

The crest elevation of Xiaolangdi Dam is 28 1m, the normal high water level is 275m, the storage capacity is12.65 billion m3, the Xiaolangdi Reservoir covers an area of 272.3 square kilometers, and the control basin covers an area of 694,200 square kilometers. The total installed capacity is 6.5438+0.8 million kilowatts, and the average annual power generation is 56.5438+0 billion kilowatt hours.

Xiaolangdi Project is one of the important projects in China's eighth five-year plan. At normal water level, the affected area is 277.8km2, and the construction area is 23.33km2 * * * It involves 33 townships in 8 counties (cities) in Henan and Shanxi provinces, with nearly 200,000 immigrants.

3. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, with a total length of about 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of about 752,443 square kilometers. Because the Yellow River passes through the Loess Plateau, it will cause a lot of soil erosion, carrying1600 million tons of sediment eastward every year, 65.438+0.2 billion tons being washed into the Bohai Sea, and the rest remaining in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, forming a plain. The Yellow River in history is one of the most difficult rivers in China. There is a story of "Dayu harnessing the water" in China ancient fairy tales, which is about the Yellow River, and there are many floods in the history of the Yellow River, which can be seen from several diversions in the history of the Yellow River!

The construction of water conservancy projects in China has the functions of flood control, water storage, power generation, shipping and planting. In fact, for dams, flood control and quicksand control are the most critical, and solving the problem of soil erosion and reducing floods plays a key role!

Sanmenxia Reservoir controls nearly 95% of the drainage area of the Yellow River, with a total storage capacity of 36 billion cubic meters, which controls 62% of the runoff of the Yellow River. The storage capacity of this reservoir is only 3 billion cubic meters less than that of the Three Gorges, which is relatively large among domestic artificial reservoirs. Because the influence of sediment was not fully considered at the beginning of design,1.600 million tons of sediment appeared in the channel from Tongguan to Sanmenxia in Shaanxi in less than one year, which made the channel in this area high.

Because the river is raised, it has a certain impact on the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Not only that, but the surrounding areas have also affected Xi' an and other places. There is a backwater problem in the river channel, and a flood will form flood backward flow. Therefore, it takes a lot of effort to use channels to discharge sand, which not only can not completely solve the problem of sediment deposition, but also can not effectively generate electricity. Is to close the dam, put it in the water, and then let it out, just like it was not built! So it is not an exaggeration to say that it is a major failure in the history of water conservancy projects, and it is indeed one of the major failures left by Soviet experts. In the words of some netizens, it is "to fill the pot for Soviet experts."

Therefore, after the completion of Sanmenxia water control project, not only did it not solve the related problems, but it also produced some new natural problems. Therefore, in order to "clear the encirclement" of Sanmenxia Reservoir, the Xiaolangdi project began to be put on the agenda and started construction.

The construction of Xiaolangdi Project has effectively avoided some problems in Sanmenxia design. Although the storage capacity of the reservoir is not as large as that of Sanmenxia, it can be adjusted to scour the sediment and let more sediment flow into the sea with the least amount of water! Thereby reducing more hidden dangers of floods!

The long-term heavy rainfall after May has brought a great burden to the Yangtze River basin. The Three Gorges experienced three flood peaks, but the downstream of the Three Gorges Dam will be affected one after another. The two "sister dams" on the Yellow River have the same function, aiming at minimizing the flood downstream!