2 1 century, why did humans suddenly give up the closer Venus? To explore Mars?

At present, what we hear most is the news that humans send back to Mars probes every once in a while, and the future plans of human exploration of Mars. Moreover, China regards Mars exploration as its first stop in deep space, and plans to launch a Mars probe, including orbiter, lander and rover, around July 2020, which will be the greatest milestone in China's space history.

In addition to China, NASA and the European Space Agency also have missions to send probes to Mars today. And there are two probes running on the surface of Mars, which were launched by NASA on 20 1 1? Curiosity? And 20 18? Insight? There are still six artificial satellites in the orbit of Mars. These detectors are sending us a lot of detection data from Mars.

But we rarely hear any news about Venus, and we rarely hear about the future exploration plan of Venus! As the title says, Venus is closest to us. Why do humans collectively give up Venus and head for Mars?

Venus is not only close to the earth, but also very similar to the earth in some ways. As long as you look up at the sky every night, the brightest star is definitely Venus. Even if Venus and the moon are together, the moon's light can't hide the rumors of Venus, because Venus is not only close to the earth, but also the albedo of clouds is particularly high, and it can shine by itself. The brightness of Venus in the night sky is 14 times that of Sirius, the second brightest star.

Venus is the second rocky planet in the solar system. Its distance from the sun is 0.725 earth days, and it is in the livable zone of the earth like the earth and Mars, but the distance between Venus and the earth is only 4 1 10,000 kilometers. Mars is outside the Earth's orbit, and the closest distance to the Earth is 55 million kilometers, with a difference of1.4000 kilometers. However, according to the flight records of the previous detectors, it takes time for humans to go to Venus.

Besides distance, Venus is more like the Earth. In terms of mass, volume and density, Venus is almost a replica of the earth, because we often call Venus the sister star of the earth.

Then why did humans give up Venus? People in every era have memories of every era, and some things in the past may be forgotten by people today if we don't mention them again.

From the above, we can see that when people don't know about Venus and Mars, they are more eager to visit Venus, because it is almost the same as the earth, where life is more likely to exist.

Therefore, in the last century, humans launched a large number of detectors to Venus, with the number as high as 46. So if you ask people in the last century, why didn't humans go to Venus? They will look surprised. Did they walk less? Too much money!

At the beginning of this century, in 2005, ESA also launched to Venus? Venus Express? Orbiter, used to monitor the clouds, atmospheric circulation and magnetic field of Venus, but? Venus Express? After serving 10 years, it fell into the atmosphere of Venus in 20 15 years and was completely destroyed.

At present, the only probe orbiting Venus is Venus launched by Japan at 20 10. Xiao? The space exploration technology company spacecraft is constantly detecting this earth's sister star for human beings.

The reason why humans give up Venus now is mainly due to the high-frequency exploration in the 20th century. After we gradually understand Venus, it is no longer necessary to find this planet for further exploration. Because human beings have to consider the cost and reward when doing anything, after all, space flight is a very resource-consuming thing. If we don't change our goal and continue to explore Venus, the Venus mission will only be a bottomless pit, and we can't hear the noise and get any useful information.

Venus Exploration Boom The upsurge of human exploration of Venus came from astronomers at that time. By comparing various data of Venus and the earth, they found that there was a great possibility of life on this planet, and it was also during the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. Since the 1960s, both countries have invested a lot of energy and enthusiasm in Venus.

In the competition between the Soviet Union and the United States, the Soviet Union is often the first country to act quickly, but in the end it is always overtaken by the old America.

196 1 to 1965 took the lead in launching probes to venus, including? Giant? 1, jinxing 1, jinxing-2 and jinxing-3 probes, but all ended in failure, explosion and loss of connection. However, Venus 3 achieved a hard landing of Venus, which caused the instrument to be smashed and did not send back any useful information, but it was also successful. After all, it hit Venus accurately.

From 1967 to 1983, it took the Soviet Union more than ten years to launch from Venus. Venus 4? Until? Venus 16? Among them, Venus 5 and Venus 6 were still hard landings, but they both successfully returned to Venus' atmospheric temperature, pressure and chemical composition.

From where? Venus 7? A soft landing was achieved, and the surface condition, atmospheric composition, air pressure and temperature of Venus were detected. ? Venus 1 1 and 12? For the first time, a photo of the surface of Venus was sent back to us. ? Venus 13 and 14? Rock samples were collected by drilling holes on the surface of Venus. ? Venus 15 and 16? Around Venus, a topographic map of the surface of Venus was drawn for us.

The Soviet Union really surpassed the United States in its exploration of Venus. At that time, the United States was shocked by the achievements of the Soviet Union on Venus, so it also joined the exploration plan of Venus. But the United States is prepared with both hands, mainly to land on the moon, and Venus is secondary. Starting from 1978, the United States shifted the focus of planetary exploration to Venus. At that time, the success of landing on the moon had confirmed the hegemonic position of the United States in the world.

No matter how fierce their competition is, a lot of exploration on Venus finally makes people realize that this planet is not a good crop, nor is it the planet that we once thought is most likely to have life, because the surface temperature of Venus has reached an astonishing 500℃, and lead will melt quickly on it. If the probe that landed on Venus can't last for half an hour, it will be damaged by high temperature, and the pressure here has reached 900 meters deep, which is 90 times the pressure of the earth's atmosphere.

On these two conditions, we can think that this is a complete hell, not to mention the physical life that machines can't survive.

To go to Mars, we must first know that the biggest reason for human beings to explore Venus and Mars is that these two planets are our neighbors and we have the ability to explore. In fact, we humans prefer to drill a hole in Europa in the solar system to see if there is life in the ocean, but we can't. Besides, we also want to go to other planets in the galaxy. There are still many unknowns waiting for us to understand, but we just don't have the ability.

In fact, the purpose of our planet exploration is to find extraterrestrial life, and in this process, we can constantly test human technology and improve our deep space exploration ability!

Since Venus is a hell and there can be no life, the sent probe will be scrapped in a short time, so the only thing left is Mars. So in 2 1 century, exploring Mars became a craze.

Unfortunately, nothing happened in the Soviet Union after the Mars fever of 2 1 century. America is really lonely. After all, invincible is also a kind of loneliness! Otherwise, we can still see the fierce competition of that year. The fiercer they are, the more we know about Mars.

However, in the 20th century, Mars did not fall in the process of exploring Venus and the moon. The Soviet Union tried to launch probes to Mars from 1960 until 1988, during which 18 probes were launched, but most of them ended in failure, including most of the United States before.

From the last century to today, we have sent 47 probes to Mars, and most of them have failed. It was not until 2 1 century that the success rate was greatly improved. In our exploration of Mars, Mars did not disappoint us, although its surface environment did not support the existence of life.

But we found rivers washed out by liquid water, and we also found a lot of water ice at the poles, craters and craters of Mars, so scientists believe that there may be conditions for the evolution of life on Mars for billions of years. And we also think that there may be some primitive life forms in the deep soil of Mars. This will provide impetus for us to continue to explore Mars.

The key task of the United States in the future is to bring Martian soil back to earth and conduct analysis and research in the laboratory. Moreover, China will have such plans in the future.

But this is another story. The immediate thing is this year's Mars exploration mission. I hope it goes well.