How did Zhumadian get its name?

In 22 1 year BC, Qin unified the six countries. Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and established counties. Zhumadian is now under Yingchuan County (Metallurgical Institute is now Yuzhou City). Chen Jun (now Huaiyang County) played an important role in the war that Qin destroyed six countries and established a feudal unified dynasty. He is a famous politician in the history of China. Due to the brutal rule of Qin Dynasty, the first peasant uprising led by Runan Chen Sheng broke out in China in 209 BC. After the rebels captured Chenjun (now Huaiyang County), Shengzai Chen "Zhang Chu" regime was established and was killed by traitors, but the Qin Dynasty was finally destroyed by the fire of peasant uprising.

In the fourth year of Emperor Gaudi of the Western Han Dynasty (203 BC), Runan was established and Ruyang was ruled by the county (located in Gucheng Village, Sheqiao Township, northwest of Pingyu County). It is under the jurisdiction of Yuzhou Secretariat, and has jurisdiction over 37 counties such as Ruyang (now runan county), Ancheng (now southeast of runan county), Yangcheng (now northwest of Pingyu County), Xincai and Shenyang (now Zhengyang County). During the Han Dynasty, runan county's economy and culture developed gradually, showing a scene of prosperity. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, runan county built the Red Flag Skin, which spanned five counties, namely Pingyu, Runan, Zhengyang, Xincai and Xixian, and irrigated tens of thousands of mu of farmland. In the Western Han Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, Biyang County built horse skins and irrigated more than 10,000 hectares of farmland. In the first year of Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty, He Chang, the magistrate of Runan, built an old canal in Fuyang (north of Xincai County) and reclaimed more than 30,000 hectares of paddy fields. During the reign of Emperor Zhong Ping, Runan Prefecture mobilized migrant workers to build a sluice with stones on Hongqiao Pi Dam, which further expanded the irrigation area. The construction of water conservancy projects, such as red alkali mixing and horse skin, greatly improved agricultural production conditions and made runan county one of the richest areas in Zhougang. During the Han Dynasty, there were many talented people in runan county. There are more than 65,438+000 officials and celebrities in runan county, whose names are listed in The Book of the Later Han Dynasty and The General Meaning of Customs. Therefore, it is called "You are half a dynasty" and "Runan strange man".

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhumadian City now belongs to Wei, divided into runan county and Nanyang County. In the Western Jin Dynasty, runan county was assigned to Runan Yin Na. The Eastern Jin Dynasty belonged to the former Qin Dynasty, followed by the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the later Qin Dynasty, the later Zhao Dynasty and the former Yan Dynasty. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Runanxing, a subordinate, and Emperor Wen of the Southern Song Dynasty established an overseas Chinese country in runan county. At first, Runan was called Xuanzang. At the beginning of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Yuzhou was changed to Yuzhou, and it was renamed many times later. At the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, the great cause was changed to Runan County, which belonged to Yuzhou and Biyang belonged to Huai 'an County of Yuzhou. Tang and Song Dynasties belong to Cai Hetang. In the first year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the county was changed to Yuzhou, and Tang Suzong changed runan county to Yuzhou in the early Yuan Dynasty. Restore Tang Zhou. In the early generation, Baoying changed Yuzhou to Cai Zhou. In the third year of Jianyan (1 129), Jin conquered Cai Zhou and established the Confederate army in Cai Zhou town. The early Yuan Dynasty was the four dynasties of Cai, Chen and Tang. In the 30th year of Yuan Dynasty (1293), Cai Zhou was promoted to Runing House and Biyang was returned to Nanyang House.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhumadian City now belonged to Runing House and Nanyang House, and later to Henan Road. After years of war at the end of Yuan Dynasty, the population of Runing area dropped sharply, and it was desolate everywhere. Ming Taizu ordered landless farmers in Taihu Lake Basin and Shaanxi Province to move to southern Henan. At that time, counties in Runing received a large number of immigrants, and large areas of wasteland were reclaimed to grow crops. In the early Qing dynasty, the government took measures to reward reclamation and clearly announced the land of the Ming dynasty. Whoever cultivates belongs to him. Jin Zhen, the magistrate of Runing County, registered more than 6,000 hectares of land occupied by King Chong Palace in Ming Dynasty, and admitted that these lands belonged to the original tenant farmers. Local officials in Runing attach great importance to water conservancy construction. During the five to seven years of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, Ruyang, Shangcai, Xincai, Queshan, Xiping, Suiping, Pingyu and other counties dredged 327 canals, which improved agricultural production conditions, alleviated floods and promoted the development of factory production.

After the Opium War, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, with prominent social contradictions and constant peasant uprisings. 185 1 year, Anbaili rebellion broke out in Pingyu. 1853, the Taiping Army entered the Runing area in the northern expedition. 1860, centering on Pingyu, the Nian Army Uprising led by Chen Daxi broke out. Nian Army moved to Hubei, Henan, Shandong and Anhui provinces, which dealt a heavy blow to the reactionary rule of the Qing Dynasty. 1900, in response to the anti-imperialist struggle of the Boxer Rebellion, Queshan, Biyang, Suiping and other places launched anti-foreign religious struggles against imperialist religious aggression. 1906, the "Renyihui" uprising led by Miao Jinsheng broke out in Suiping. At the same time, the wave of bourgeois national democratic revolution gradually spread to Zhumadian City. 1906, Menzigu and Liu Cuixuan of Xincai County joined the League. 1907, Xincai branch of the League was established, with Ren Zhiming as the branch minister. At this time, Liu Cong, a member of Xincai League, actively promoted bourgeois democratic thoughts after returning to Japan, and Xincai once became the center of the democratic revolution in southern Henan.

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Runing House was renamed Xiangnan Road. 19 18 changed to Ruyang Road. 1927, the Kuomintang established the Office of the Eighth Administrative Region of Henan Province, based in Runan. 19 19 the may 4th movement kicked off the new democratic revolution in China and promoted the new awakening of the people in Zhumadian. The vast number of young people are full of patriotic enthusiasm and devoted themselves to the vigorous anti-imperialist patriotic movement. After the establishment of China * * * Production Party, Zhumadian people actively carried out the workers' movement and farmers' movement under the leadership of the Party, and opposed imperialism and Beiyang warlords. 1922 In the summer, railway workers Julelang and Qiuqiu were established in Zhumadian Railway Station, renamed as Zhumadian Branch of Han Jing Railway Federation, which was the earliest workers' organization established in Zhumadian City under the leadership of the Party. 1923 In February, Zhumadian railway workers took part in the Beijing-Han railway strike that shocked China and foreign countries. 1925 during the May 30th Movement, workers, students and businessmen in Zhumadian went on strike, angrily denounced the atrocities of British and Japanese imperialism and supported the anti-imperialist struggles in Shanghai and Guangzhou. At the same time, the peasant movement flourished. 1926, party member, Li Mingqi, Zhang Jiaduo, Zhang, (Yang Jingyu), Kong Jianwu and Yu Xiumin, originally from Zhumadian, studied in other places and used their holidays to go back to their hometown to carry out revolutionary propaganda activities. Established Zhumadian Secret Service Branch with Zhang Jiaduo as the secretary, Zhengyang, Runan and Queshan as seven party groups. 1April, 927, in order to meet the Northern Expedition, Zhumadian Teke led more than 20,000 peasants to riot, wiped out more than 200 Beiyang troops in one fell swoop, liberated Queshan County for the first time, and established the first county-level revolutionary regime of workers and peasants in Henan Province-Queshan County Temporary Security Committee, which wrote a glorious page in the revolutionary history of China. After the Northern Expeditionary Army arrived in Zhumadian, it was warmly welcomed by people from all walks of life. /kloc-May 0/5 to/kloc-May 0/7, the Northern Expeditionary Army and Bong warlords fought fiercely in Shangcai and Xiping, and the Northern Expeditionary Army won a total victory. Since then, the rule of Beiyang government in Henan has come to an end.

During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, Zhumadian City was the battlefield of new warlords. In order to resist the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang, under the leadership of Teke in Zhumadian, China, Zhang Jiaduo and Ma Shangde set up Queshan County Revolutionary Committee, and looked south around the mountain to meet Xinyang peasant army. Liudian Autumn Harvest Uprising opened the prelude of Henan Agrarian Revolution and sowed the fire of armed survival in southern Henan. Since then, there have been more than a dozen armed riots, such as the second peasant uprising in Quebian, the Shuitun uprising in Runan and the Baigou Temple uprising in Zhengyang, which have made positive contributions to the establishment of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet areas.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhumadian people held high the banner of the anti-Japanese national united front and actively organized anti-Japanese armed forces. 1937, 165438+ 10. In October, the Hubei-Henan Border Region Provincial Committee was changed to the South Henan Special Committee, and the South Henan Red Army Guerrilla was reorganized into the Anti-Japanese Independent Regiment of the People's Republic of Henan, and soon it was reorganized into the eighth detachment of the fourth detachment of the New Fourth Army. The Eighth Regiment and the Central Henan Special Committee entered Zhugou Town, Queshan County. 165438+1On October 23rd, the Central Plains Bureau headed by (Liu Shaoqi) and the Henan Provincial Party Committee entered Zhugou. The Central Committee also sent Peng Xuefeng, Li Xiannian and Chen Shaomin to Zhugou to lead the work, mobilize the people in the Central Plains and strengthen the anti-Japanese forces, which soon opened up a new situation in the anti-Japanese struggle behind enemy lines. Zhugou became an important base for the growth of the New Fourth Army. The fourth division, the fifth division and the first division of the second division of the New Fourth Army all developed from here and met with the armed forces of local party leaders. Zhugou became "an important position and strategic support point for the development of the Central Plains Producer Party" for a time, and made important contributions to the Central Plains Anti-Japanese War, and was known as "Little Yan 'an". The existence of the Zhugou Party organization aroused the hatred of the Kuomintang reactionaries in the factory. On June 10/939+065438+10/10/day, more than 65438 local Kuomintang armed men raided the Zhugou rear office of the Eighth Regiment of the New Fourth Army, killing cadres, soldiers, the wounded and their families. During the period of 1944, Runan, Queshan, Xiping, Suiping and Shangcai successively fell into the hands of the Japanese aggressors. In order to effectively attack the Japanese invaders and the Kuomintang die-hards, the South Henan Guerrilla Corps formed an advance team with five companies, established Ruzheng and Zhenshan anti-Japanese base areas with Huchongdian as the center, and successively launched attacks on ant bees, ant hills, Daleshan and Banqiao in Biyang, Queshan, annihilated hundreds of Kuomintang spy armed forces and local armed forces, and established anti-Japanese base areas with Zhugou and Gushanchong as the center. * * * Henan prefectural party committee, commissioner's office, and military sub-zones were established in Gushanchong. After the expansion of the South Henan Guerrilla Corps into the Henan Advance Corps, it opened up the central Henan base area with Mount Yi as the center, and set up the party, government and military organs such as the central Henan prefectural party committee, the commissioner's office and the military sub-division. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang government ignored the people's desire for peace, openly provoked a civil war and sent heavy troops to attack the revolutionary base areas in central and southern Henan. Under the leadership of Li Xiannian, Zheng Weisan and Wang Zhen, the Central Plains People's Liberation Army successfully organized the "Central Plains Breakthrough" in June 1946. In Siwangshan, the independent Henan detachment of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Working Committees and the guerrillas of the new Qitong Working Committee were established. Continue to persist in the revolutionary struggle. 1July, 947, Liu Bocheng and the main force of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army fought a decisive battle with the enemy in the areas of Leigang and Wangzhuang in Zhengyang, forcing Ruhe to advance into Dabie Mountain, and Chen Geng and Xie to go south along Pinghan Road. In Zhuwangzhai, between Suiping and Xiping, the headquarters of the Fifth Corps of the Kuomintang annihilated more than 10,000 people and was reorganized into the third division, capturing more than 8,000 officers and men below the enemy's chief of staff. 1949 After the Huaihai Campaign ended in early 1949, all counties in the city were liberated one after another. Under the leadership of the Party, the people of Zhumadian finally bid farewell to the darkness and ushered in the dawn.

1March, 949, Queshan Special Zone was established, which governs eight counties: Runan, Xinyang, Shangcai, Xincai, Zhengyang, Xiping, Suiping, Queshan, Xinyang and Zhumadian. In August, the agency moved to Xinyang City and changed its name to Xinyang District. 1July, 965, Xinyang and Zhumadian were divided into two, and Zhumadian area was established. Biyang County in Nanyang District is placed under Zhumadian District, and the whole district governs Runan, Shangcai, Xincai, Runan, Pingyu, Zhengyang, Queshan, Suiping, Xiping and Zhumadian towns. In June, 2000, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Zhumadian to set up a city.