Introduction to Australian history?

Australian aborigines came here by boat from Southeast Asia during the last ice age. When Europeans set foot on this land,1100,000 indigenous people had lived on this continent for more than 50,000 years.

They are divided into 300 tribes, speaking 250 languages and 700 dialects. At that time, indigenous people lived by hunting and gathering, and they also made trade trips, searched for water and seasonal crops, and held religious ceremonies and totem gatherings.

1770, Captain Cook James landed in Portney Bay, and Europeans formally claimed sovereignty over this southern continent. In order to solve the problem of overcrowding in British prisons and the harm caused by the American revolution to Britain.

Explorer and botanist joseph banks suggested that New South Wales become a new prisoner colony. 1788 65438+1On October 26th, the "First Fleet" consisting of 1 1 ships 1500 people arrived in Sydney Harbour.

The policy of banishing prisoners did not end until 1868. At this point,160,000 male and female prisoners came to Australia. But for aborigines, land deprivation and diseases and deaths caused by foreign viruses have destroyed their traditional lifestyles and habits.

In the 191920s, many soldiers, officers and ex-prisoners gradually transformed the land obtained from the government into farms, which was very prosperous. The news that Australia has cheap land and a large number of employment opportunities spread like wildfire.

It attracts more and more ships, full of adventurous immigrants from Britain. 185 1 year, gold mines were discovered in New South Wales and central Victoria, attracting thousands of young men from colonies and some adventurous young women.

Despite the violence in gold mining areas, the wealth brought by gold and wool has attracted a lot of investment in Melbourne and Sydney. By the 1980s of 19, they had become modern cities full of fashion.

190 1 year 1 month 1 day, six colonies in Australia united to form a federal state. Today, Australia consists of six states and two territories. Each state and region has its own parliament, flags and logo flowers.

Extended data:

Australia is a typical immigrant country, which is described by sociologists as a "national platter". Since British immigrants set foot on this beautiful land, immigrants from 120 countries and 140 nationalities have come to Australia to make a living and develop.

For example, Germany, Greece and Italy in Europe and some Asian countries and regions, such as Japan, Taiwan Province Province of China and Viet Nam. Its population is mainly distributed in the southeast coastal areas. Multiculturalism, which is composed of many nationalities, is a remarkable feature of Australian society.

According to statistics, the Asian population in Australia is growing rapidly. The earliest aborigines in Australia now account for less than 1% of the total population. In the 2006 census, whites accounted for 92%, and the ancestors of most Australians were 19 and British immigrants in the 20th century.

Australian flag:

Australia's national flag is rectangular with an aspect ratio of 2: 1. The bottom of the flag is dark blue, and the word "rice" is red and white at the top left. There is a big white seven-pointed star below the word "rice". On the right side of the flag are five white stars.

One of the little stars is pentagonal, and the others are heptagonal. Australia is a member of the Commonwealth and the Queen of England is Australia's head of state. The upper left corner of the national flag is the pattern of the British flag, which shows the traditional relationship between Australia and Britain.

The largest seven-pointed star symbolizes the six states and two federal territories (Northern Territory and Capital Territory) that make up the Commonwealth of Australia. Five small stars represent the Southern Cross, indicating that the country is in the southern hemisphere. This is selected from more than 30,000 works of 1903.

National emblem of Australia:

The national emblem of Australia has kangaroos on the left and emus on the right. These two animals are endemic to Australia. Generally, it only advances and does not retreat easily, which symbolizes a country that will always advance.

There is a shield in the middle of the national emblem, and there are six groups of patterns on the shield symbolizing the six states of this country. The red St George's Cross (with a lion and four stars on it) symbolizes New South Wales.

The southern cross under the crown represents Victoria; The blue Maltese Cross represents Queensland; Shrike stands for South Australia; The black swan symbolizes Western Australia; The red lion symbolizes Tasmania.

Above the shield is a seven-pointed star, symbolizing six states and a federal district in Australia. Surrounded by Australian national flower acacia, the ribbon at the bottom reads "Australia" in English.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Australian History