Is it worthwhile to immigrate to Mars?

After introducing the moon last time, let's talk about Mars this time.

Mars is the fourth closest planet to the sun in the solar system and also belongs to the earth-like planet. The average distance between Mars and the sun is about 228 million kilometers, the diameter is about 6,794 kilometers, which is about 53% of the Earth's, and its mass is 14% of the Earth's. Period of revolution has 686.9 Earth Days, twice as many as period of revolution, so if you live on Mars, it will take two years for the Earth to have a Spring Festival. There are two satellites on Mars. If you live on Mars, you may see two bright moons.

Speaking of Mars, I believe that a red planet comes to mind. Then why is Mars red? That's because hematite on the surface of Mars is iron oxide. Mars is basically a desert with sand dunes and gravel on its surface. Compared with the earth, the geological activity of Mars is not active, and the surface topography was basically formed in ancient times. The surface of Mars is also covered with craters, volcanoes and canyons. Olympus Mons, the highest mountain in the solar system, and Mariner Canyon, the largest canyon in the solar system, are both on Mars.

Like the earth, Mars has an atmosphere and alternating seasons. On the other hand, the atmospheric density on Mars is only about 1% of that of the earth, mainly carbon dioxide, accounting for about 95.3%, trace oxygen accounting for about 0. 15% and trace water vapor accounting for about 0.03%, so it is very dry. Mars is very similar to the early earth. Like the earth, almost all the carbon dioxide on Mars has been converted into carbonaceous rocks. Because there is no plate movement on Mars, carbon dioxide can't be recycled into the atmosphere, so it can't produce greenhouse effect. Therefore, the average temperature on the surface of Mars is very low, about -55 degrees Celsius, and both carbon dioxide and water are frozen.

The alternation of seasons on Mars is very similar to that on Earth, except that each season on Mars is longer and colder than that on Earth. On Mars, spring in the northern hemisphere is about 33% longer than autumn, while on Earth, the difference in the length of each season is generally less than 5%. There is a great temperature difference between the four seasons on Mars. In winter, the temperature will be lower than-133 degrees Celsius, and in summer, it will become 27 degrees Celsius during the day.

Mars is very similar to the earth, so in recent years, all countries are interested in Mars. In 2004, the American rovers "Courage" and "Opportunity" landed on Mars, which was the first time that the two rovers traveled on the surface of Mars at the same time. Then in August of 20 12, the American rover "Curious" also successfully landed on Mars. The focus of Curiosity is whether there is an environment suitable for life on Mars. After a more in-depth investigation of Mars, we initially thought that there was no life on the surface of Mars, and changed to no intelligent life on Mars. Because there are living conditions suitable for life on Mars, whether there are some primitive bacteria on the surface and polar cap of Mars needs further investigation.

So is Mars suitable for human migration? Scientists have been thinking about this problem, but now it is certain that Mars is not suitable for human habitation, but after some transformation, it will probably be suitable for us to live in. Let's imagine it together.

First of all, in order to be suitable for human habitation, it is necessary to have suitable temperature, water and enough oxygen. It is very important to basically confirm that there is water on Mars now, because it is impossible for a stable planet to produce water directly. Next, the most important things are temperature and oxygen. As mentioned above, the low temperature on Mars is largely due to the fact that carbon dioxide has been transformed into rocks and frozen, which cannot produce the greenhouse effect. Then, if all the carbon dioxide is released by some artificial means, the atmosphere on Mars will be thicker and there will be more carbon dioxide, which will form a greenhouse effect, the temperature will rise slowly, and the frozen water will turn back into liquid water.

With liquid water and carbon dioxide, can carbon dioxide be converted into oxygen by photosynthesis of some algae (such as cyanobacteria) or fungi? When the oxygen content reaches a certain level, some plants can be planted, and so on. Can plants become habitable?

Of course, the above are all my fantasies, but since Mars and the Earth are both in the livable zone of the solar system, and there is water on Mars, it is possible for Mars to migrate, but it is unknown whether the water content on Mars can meet the requirements and whether the atmospheric pressure on Mars can reach the intensity suitable for human survival. But compared with Venus, which is also in the livable zone, Mars is more likely to become a planet for human migration.

What do you think of the idea of human migration to Mars? Let's talk about it in the comments section.