The historical evolution of Zhaotong

"Early Homo sapiens Fossil", named "Zhaotong Man" about 654.38+ 10,000 years ago, fills the gap between the ape-man stage and the late Homo sapiens stage in Yunnan Province, indicating that Zhaotong City is one of the important areas of human origin and development. During the 6,000 years from about 1 10,000 years ago to about 4,000 years ago, the ancestors who lived here have widely used grinding stone tools, learned the techniques of pottery, textile, agriculture and grazing, and began to live and settle in cities. From the Western Weekend to the early Spring and Autumn Period, the Du Yu tribe entered Shu, "teaching people to rely on agriculture", brought advanced farming civilization, won the support of Shu people, and became the king of Shu, with the title of "Wang Di".

In 250 BC, King Qin Xiaowen used Li Bing, the prefect of Shu County, to dig a burning road.

After Qin Shihuang unified the whole country in 22 1 BC, in order to further govern Yunnan, Pai Changqing extended the burning road dug by Li Bing to Jianning (now Qujing), which was called "Wuchi Road" in history. With the spread of Central Plains culture to the south, Zhaotong is located at the hub of "Wuchi Road", which is the earliest and most fully affected area in Yunnan.

In 135 BC (the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty established by Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty), Emperor Wu changed the closed policy of "closing Shu to worry about it" at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, reopened the "Road to the South" and set up a county in the southwest, which expanded the economic and cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and the remote areas in the southwest. Zhuti County was established in Zhaotong City in the Western Han Dynasty, and Zhaotong was brought into the management of the central government for the first time.

From the 6th year of Jianyuan in the Western Han Dynasty to Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, Zhaotong was named today's "Zhu Ti", which lasted more than 800 years.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Nanzhao and Dali successively ruled Yunnan. Zhaotong was alienated from the Central Plains culture and failed to fully accept the influence of Nanzhao and Dali culture.

Wumeng Road, Yuan Zhi. Wumeng House was established in Ming Dynasty. In the ninth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, the land reform was completed, and after returning to the stream, Wumeng was changed to Zhaotong. Tracing back to the nearly 500 years of imprisonment in Tang and Song Dynasties, the establishment of the central government was interrupted. Zhaotong today has been called "Wumeng" (Amon) for more than 1000 years.

The formation and gradual improvement of the chieftain system, as well as the existence and development of indigenous culture, immigrant culture and national culture formed by the use of soldiers, land reclamation and national migration, are also worthy of attention and are extremely valuable wealth in Zhaotong's historical and cultural resources.

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it was called Zhenxiong Tubo, which belonged to Sichuan Province. In the fifth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1727), the land was changed to Xixi, and Wumeng House was changed to Zhaotong House. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), in February, Wumeng Tufu changed the soil into a stream, changed it to Wumeng Tufu (fighting landlords) in the east of Wumeng Tufu, Mitie Yongshan County, Daguantun Daguantun Guild Hall, and changed it to a scattered state, which was placed under Wumeng Mansion.

In July of the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), Wumeng House was renamed Zhaotong House, and En 'an County was subordinate to the House. Abandon the ladder (now Tucheng) and build a new city in Mu Na (now Zhaotong). In the same year, Zhaotong Prefecture belonged to Yidong Road (governing Qujing Prefecture).

In the ninth year of Yongzheng (173 1), Ludian Hall was located in Zhaotong House; There are inspection departments in salt wells, which belong to Daguantang of Zhaotong Prefecture. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), Jingjiang County was established in Guanfu Village, Yongshan County. Xiongzhou Town was promoted to Zhili. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Zhaotong had two halls, Daguan and Ludian. En 'an (with Guo), Yongshan and Jingjiang counties. The first year of the Republic of China (19 12) followed the old system of the late Qing Dynasty. In April of the 2nd year of the Republic of China (1913), a road was set up in Doudu Prefecture, Yunnan Province, which abolished Zhaotong Prefecture and changed its former residence, En 'an County, to Zhaotong County. Ludian Hall, Daguan Hall, Qiaojia Hall and Zhenxiong Zhili Prefecture were changed to Ludian County, Daguan County, Qiaojia County and Zhenxiong County; Xiongzhou Town of Yiliang is located in yiliang county.

In the 3rd year of the Republic of China (1914) 65438+10, Jingjiang County was renamed Suijiang County because it had the same name as the county under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.

In the 6th year of the Republic of China (19 17), Yanjin County was separated from Yanjingdu in Daguan County. In the same year, Zhenxiong County was placed under the prestige administrative region. Zhaotong, Ludian, Qiaojia, Yongshan, Daguan, Jingjiang, Zhenxiong, yiliang county and Weixin Administrative Office all belong to the Middle Yunnan Road.

18 (1929), Yunnan Zhonglu was abolished, and all counties were directly under the central government. In 2 1 (1932), weixin administrative office was changed to administrative office, and in 23 years (1934), weixin county was established. In March of the Republic of China (3 1 (1942)), the first administrative supervision area in Yunnan Province was established, which was located in Zhaotong County and governed Zhaotong, Yongshan, Suijiang, Yanjin, Daguan, Yiliang, Zhenxiong, Weixin, Ludian and Qiaojia counties. 1950, Zhaotong area was established and Zhaotong county was established. It has jurisdiction over Zhaotong, Daguan, Suijiang (Zhongzhen), Yanjin, Weixin (Xizhen), Zhenxiong, Yiliang, Ludian (Wenping Town), Huize, Qiaojia and Yongshan1/counties.

1960 September 13, Yanjin county was abolished, and the original administrative area of Yanjin county was merged into Daguan county (1959).

1960 September 13 revoked Ludian county and merged the original administrative area of Ludian county into Zhaotong county (1958165438+10). Zhaotong area governs 9 counties.

1March 27, 1962, Yanjin County was resumed, and the original administrative area of Yanjin County was merged into Daguan County as Yanjin County (196 1 April 28, 1962), and the red bean paste and persimmon originally under the jurisdiction of Daguan were included in Yanjin County. Zhaotong area governs 10 county.

1963 September 14 Restore Ludian County. The administrative area of Ludian County was merged into the original administrative area of Zhaotong County except four people's communes in Ma Lu, Sujia, Shuitun and Jiufang, and seven villages in Yongfeng District of Zhaotong County, namely Zujiabao, Maanshan, Banbanfang, Chen Jiawan, Majiayuanzi, Yangjiataizi and Longjiataizi. Zhaotong has jurisdiction over 1 1 county.

June 1964 of Huize county in Zhaotong area was assigned to Qujing area. Zhaotong area governs 10 counties. 1970 Zhaotong area was changed to Zhaotong area, located in Zhaotong county. It governs Zhaotong, Suijiang (Zhongzhen), Yongshan (Jingxin Town), Yanjin, Daguan, Weixin (Xizhen), Yiliang (Jiaokui Town), Zhenxiong, Ludian (Wenping Town), Qiaojia and other counties 10. Zhaotong City was founded in 198 1 year 1 month 18, and part of Zhaotong County is its administrative area, which belongs to Zhaotong area.

198 1 04 August 14, the State Council approved the establishment of Shuifu County. With the Anfu, Shuidong and Shuihe communes in the water-rich area (Suijiang county), the Taiping commune in Suijiang county and the Xin 'an and Xinshou brigades in Yi Hui commune, and the Liangwan commune in Yanjin county adjacent to the water-rich area, it is under the jurisdiction of Shuifu county. County People's Government in Yunfu Commune. Shuifu County is led by Zhaotong District Administrative Office. Zhaotong has jurisdiction over 1 county-level cities and 1 1 counties.

September 9 1983 Zhaotong County was revoked and the administrative area of Zhaotong County was merged into Zhaotong City. Zhaotong has jurisdiction over 1 county-level city and1county. 1984, the district and township organizational system was restored, and the commune was abandoned as a district. 1987, district and township system reform, abandoning district as township. 200 1 1 13, Zhaotong area and county-level Zhaotong city were abolished, and prefecture-level Zhaotong city was established. Zhaoyang District is established in Zhaotong City, and the administrative area of Zhaotong City at the county level is Zhaoyang District.