Martin Luther King is a famous black civil rights leader in American history. With his efforts, black Americans have gained the same legal rights as whites.

Analysis of test questions: With the opening of new shipping routes and early colonial expansion, in America, the colonists carried out a cruel policy of genocide against indigenous Indians, so they carried out evil slave trade to make up for the shortage of labor, so they chose D.

Comments: The capitalist development in Western Europe in the 15th to 19th centuries was in the primitive stage of capital accumulation. The way of overseas colonization is relatively simple and rude. In the process of colonial aggression in America, western colonists developed farming in America on the one hand, and implemented a large-scale genocide policy against Native Americans on the other, which caused a serious shortage of labor. In addition, the productivity level of western European countries was not high at that time, and the profits obtained from normal trade could not meet the desires of western European businessmen, while the slave trade could obtain huge profits, which was irresistible to western European businessmen; At the same time, the actions of slave traders were encouraged and supported by their own governments; In addition, after the opening of new air routes, overseas navigation can be realized; Therefore, the slave trade became one of the most powerful means in primitive accumulation of capital, Europe, which lasted for nearly 4 years.