What do you mean by agriculture, countryside and farmers?

"Agriculture, countryside and farmers" refers to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

China is a big agricultural country with a rural population of 900 million, accounting for 70% of the national population. The agricultural population reached 700 million, accounting for 50. 1% of the total industrial population. Therefore, the "three rural issues" are related to national quality, economic development, social stability and national prosperity. Solving the "three rural issues" has become a major event for the party and the country.

First, agricultural problems, mainly agricultural industrialization. Market economy is a market-oriented economic form that allocates resources according to the market. The poor agricultural purchase and sale system is an important reason why agriculture cannot develop rapidly. I often hear peasant brothers complain that things can't be sold or sold too cheaply, and the root is that they don't follow the market rules. Agriculture plays a great role in the market economy, and it is a good move to form a one-stop production, supply and marketing. For what? Pin chain plays a key role in the activity. Another problem of agricultural industrialization is that China's agriculture is basically a self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy at present, and there is no scale economy. How to deal with the challenge of intensive agriculture abroad after China's entry into WTO? For a big agricultural country like China, this will be a serious problem. In the future, China should liberate the surplus labor force, improve agricultural labor productivity by accelerating agricultural mechanization, abandon the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy and meet the challenge of China's entry into WTO.

Second, the rural issue, a prominent issue at present is the reform of the household registration system. In the past, the household registration system divided urban and rural areas into two parts, which formed a huge difference in economic development and cultural level between urban and rural areas. This household registration system is the necessity of top-down administration under the planned economy system, and it has been unanimously questioned by the theoretical circle today when building a socialist market economy. At present, the reform of household registration system in various places is "cutting the knife" to this unreasonable system, hoping to further liberate the rural surplus labor force. However, it is necessary to look ahead: after the reform of the household registration system, if the liberated surplus labor force is not properly resettled and channeled, the immigration tide will cause considerable pressure on social security. Therefore, the steps of urbanization need to be controlled, and small towns are necessary supporting measures to eliminate the binary opposition between urban and rural areas and reform the household registration system.

Third, the problem of farmers can be divided into two issues: quality and burden reduction. (A) the quality of farmers, mainly refers to the cultural quality. How can nationals without a certain cultural quality compete with powerful countries? Therefore, improving farmers' quality is an important measure to enrich the people and strengthen the country. (2) Another major problem of farmers' problems is to reduce the burden. The State Council, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, has repeatedly stressed the need to reduce the burden on farmers, but in some places, the farmers' burden remains the same, causing farmers to resist paying state taxes and petitioning collectively. The heavy burden on farmers directly affects farmers' income. An important reason for the heavy burden on farmers is that the government reform is not strong enough. At present, some local government departments are still "not many people in charge, but many people eat". Therefore, to reduce the burden on farmers, we should first consider strengthening institutional adjustment, reducing staff and increasing efficiency, and putting farmers' income in the first place.

Rural areas are the main areas for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Without rural stability and overall progress, there will be no stability and overall progress of the whole society; Without the development of agriculture and the well-off of farmers, there would be no development of the country and the well-off of the stiff people. Therefore, to achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the key lies in the countryside, with the emphasis on the countryside and the difficulty in the countryside. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee proposed to vigorously promote the construction of a new socialist countryside, which is a new platform to do a good job in "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", a new way to solve the problems of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and a new carrier to promote greater, faster and better development of rural economy.

1, we should vigorously promote the strategic adjustment of rural industrial structure, cultivate leading industries, and strive to increase farmers' income.

First of all, select the breakthrough point of structural adjustment and comprehensively optimize and upgrade the agricultural and rural industrial structure. In accordance with the requirements of the laws of market economy, following the principles of broadening ideas, broadening channels, diversified business, highlighting characteristics, invigorating the economy and improving efficiency, and in accordance with the direction of improving quality and efficiency and optimizing transformation, make full use of two kinds of resources and two markets inside and outside the region, optimize resource allocation through regional layout adjustment, give full play to resource advantages, and form advantageous production areas and industrial belts as soon as possible; Through the adjustment of product structure, accelerate the development of agricultural products from output-oriented to quality-oriented, characteristic-oriented, high added value and high return rate; By adjusting the rural industrial structure, we will accelerate the development of agricultural products processing industry and service industry, accelerate the transfer of rural surplus labor to non-agricultural industries and cities and towns, make extensive and rational use of agricultural resources, and promote the rationalization of agricultural internal structure and a virtuous circle of industrialization. Secondly, actively develop the secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas, especially the agricultural product processing industry of township enterprises. Accelerating the development of agricultural products processing industry and striving to increase the added value of agricultural products are major strategic issues for adjusting the rural industrial structure, and also great advantages and potentials for agricultural development. In the future, we should develop agriculture with the concept of developing industry, actively develop private enterprises and non-public economy, adapt to the different needs of the market and improve the quality and grade of products according to the principle of multi-level and diversification. We should not only face the urban market, but also pay attention to meeting the requirements of farmers; It is necessary to develop both large-scale processing industries and small enterprises with local flavor and characteristic products, so that the agricultural product processing industry can truly become one of the leading industries to promote the construction of a new socialist countryside. Third, give play to regional comparative advantages and promote the regionalization and large-scale development of advantageous agricultural products. Vigorously develop characteristic agriculture and ecological agriculture, enlarge and strengthen superior agricultural products, concentrate on cultivating famous brands, enhance the market competitiveness of agricultural products, and promote the leap-forward development of agriculture and rural economy.

2. Actively promote urbanization, accelerate the multi-channel transfer of rural surplus labor force, and expand the space for farmers' employment and income increase.

Years of practice have proved that it is difficult for farmers to get rich by tying a large number of rural surplus labor to the land. To build a new socialist countryside, we must reduce farmers and promote urbanization in order to prosper the countryside. Therefore, we must break the dual pattern of urban-rural division as soon as possible, accelerate the pace of urbanization, make more rural labor force transfer to non-agricultural industries, township enterprises, small towns and cities, gradually reduce farmers, increase farmers' employment opportunities, improve rural per capita resources, and realize the benign interaction between industry and agriculture and urban-rural development. First, speed up the process of urbanization, focus on county towns and central towns with potential for development, improve the residential service, public service and community service functions of small towns, enhance the ability of small towns to absorb labor employment, correctly guide township enterprises to gather in towns, and attach importance to the function of small towns to promote economic development; Second, focus on rural service industries such as agricultural products processing, storage and transportation, vigorously develop secondary and tertiary industries, and realize farmers' local transfer; Third, organize farmers to work and do business in cities, and establish and improve a system of laws and regulations to protect farmers' interests, such as preventing wage arrears, improving the working environment, ensuring the health and safety of farmers and workers, and abolishing all discriminatory and restrictive policies. In the long run, we should do our best to do a good job in rural education. On the one hand, we should vigorously strengthen rural basic education, so that more children of farmers can pass the college entrance examination as soon as possible to achieve high-level transfer; Second, through vocational education, more qualified skilled workers urgently needed by the society will be trained to create favorable conditions for the secondary transfer of rural labor force.

3. Increase investment and services for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, improve rural infrastructure construction and improve rural production and living conditions. It is required to further consolidate the achievements of rural tax and fee reform. We will continue to increase investment in agriculture, actively guide social funds to invest in farmland water conservancy capital construction, focus on strengthening the reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs, the renovation of irrigation areas and the construction of rural drinking water safety, strengthen the comprehensive management of small watersheds, and develop water resources in a reasonable and orderly manner according to law. Vigorously implement the radio and television "village-to-village" and "village-to-village telephone" projects. Do a good job in rural infrastructure, promote project construction in the whole village, promote industrialization poverty alleviation and development with characteristic breeding and leading enterprises as the main body, and improve the basic production and living conditions of people in poor villages. Comprehensively integrate the training resources of agriculture, science and technology, education and other departments, improve training capacity, increase services, and promote the transfer of rural surplus labor.

4 to speed up the construction of rural communication and information facilities, improve the circulation system of agricultural products market, and strive to open up the agricultural products market.

Accelerate the construction of rural communication and information facilities, especially the Internet, collect information on modern agricultural science and technology, supply and demand trends and price changes in domestic and foreign agricultural products markets through the Internet, establish a corresponding forecasting system, and release relevant information to farmers on a regular basis, so that farmers' agricultural production can be closely linked with domestic and foreign markets, and agricultural products production can better meet the consumption needs of domestic and foreign markets. Encourage leading enterprises and distributors to expand their business network and sales space. Implement the strategy of "being driven by capable people", strengthen the construction of farmers' brokers, cultivate various professional cooperative organizations and industry associations, and improve the degree of farmers' organization. Strengthen the awareness of quality and safety of agricultural products, effectively strengthen animal epidemic prevention, rectify and standardize the agricultural resources market, and ensure agricultural production and agricultural product safety.

5. Coordinated development, taking the road of energy conservation, environmental protection and sustainable development.

To build a new socialist countryside, we must put sustainable development in a very prominent position and adhere to the basic national policies of family planning, environmental protection and resource protection. It is necessary to do a good job in returning farmland to forests, increase the comprehensive development of forestry, promote the industrialization of ecological construction, and make industrial development ecological. Adhere to the strategy of sustainable development, correctly handle the relationship between economic development and population, resources and environment, and promote the coordination and harmony between man and nature. Adhere to the basic national policy of family planning, further reduce the fertility level and improve the quality of the population. Strengthen the planning, management, protection and rational utilization of resources, adhere to both rational development and conservation, and enhance the ability of resources to ensure sustainable economic and social development.

6. Strengthen the construction of rural social security system.

First, establish basic laws and regulations such as rural medical insurance, rural endowment insurance and rural minimum living security as soon as possible. This is the key to the establishment of rural social security system. Its function is to stabilize rural social economy, promote rural economic growth, alleviate various social contradictions in rural areas, make rural social security work in an orderly manner according to law, and provide rural population with medical insurance, old-age insurance and minimum living security. The second is to raise rural pooling funds and pension funds through multiple channels. Effectively improve the living conditions of rural residents and make urban and rural areas develop more harmoniously. Third, effective supervision, management and use of rural pooling funds and pension funds.

7. Expand grassroots democracy and promote the construction of democracy and legal system in rural areas.

First, strengthen the leadership of the party and promote the construction of democracy and legal system at the grassroots level in rural areas. Second, pay close attention to rural legal education, constantly improve farmers' legal quality and cultivate farmers' awareness of democracy and legal system. Make full use of backbone training, news media, legal workers and other forms and ways to widely publicize, improve farmers' legal quality, and enhance their ability to act according to law and participate in village management and supervision. The third is to implement villagers' autonomy and standardize the system of establishing rules and regulations. In accordance with the principle of "establishing rules and regulations according to law, governing villages by system, democratic management and democratic supervision", let the masses educate themselves and let cadres self-discipline. Taking the democratic decision-making system of village affairs as a breakthrough, we can solve the hot and difficult problems in rural areas, so as to improve the enthusiasm and initiative of farmers to participate in village affairs management, fully exercise the democratic rights endowed by laws and regulations, and formulate practical and operable work norms. Fourth, strengthen comprehensive management and maintain rural social and economic stability. It is necessary to intensify the investigation and crackdown on cases of violation of law and discipline in rural areas. We should pay close attention to * * * management, create * * * construction, mobilize all social forces to actively participate, do a good job in comprehensive rural management, and maintain rural social and economic stability. Fifth, give play to the role of villagers' autonomous organizations and strengthen the functions of villagers' self-management and self-service. Combine phased centralized rectification with daily management, establish and improve village rules and regulations, carry out all kinds of positive mass appraisal activities, encourage the advanced to spur the backward, and push the new rural construction onto the track of institutionalization and standardization.

8, strengthen training and education, improve the comprehensive quality of farmers.

The core of "three rural issues" is to improve the quality of farmers. It is necessary to further increase investment in rural education and train farmers in various ways. First, provide farmers with vocational skills training for the market, so that they can master new technologies, understand new information and enhance their ability to get rich and develop; The second is legal knowledge training. By learning legal knowledge, we can truly learn, understand, abide by and use the law, and safeguard our legitimate rights and interests from infringement.