How to understand multiculturalism

Question 1: How to correctly understand cultural diversity under globalization? The development of science and technology is becoming more and more integrated. Under this trend, what is the trend of spiritual culture (philosophy, religion, ethics, literature, art, etc.)? ) as an important part of culture? Will it gradually integrate with economy and technology, that is to say, gradually "converge"? Is it possible or necessary to diversify this culture?

The Significance of Cultural Diversification Development

The development of multiculturalism is a historical fact. For more than 3,000 years, the Greek cultural traditions represented by Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, the China cultural traditions represented by Confucius and Laozi, the Hebrew cultural traditions represented by Jewish prophets, and the cultural traditions of * * * * * and Africa have deeply influenced today's human society.

Historically, the development of culture first depends on the ability of human beings to learn and pass on knowledge to the next generation. In this long process, each generation will add some new contents to their era, including what they absorbed from the society of that era, their own creations, and of course, the influence of foreign cultures they came into contact with. This transmission process has both vertical inheritance and horizontal development. The former is the "convergence" of mainstream culture, while the latter is the "divorce" of mainstream culture; The former plays a role of integration and the latter plays a vanguard role, which is very important for cultural development, especially horizontal development. For a discipline, horizontal development means external influence, using the knowledge of other disciplines to develop marginal culture that was not paid attention to before. These three factors happen at the same time and change the direction of vertical development.

Among these three factors, the most important and complicated is the influence of foreign culture. Take today's western culture for example. Whether in Europe or the United States, we can hear or see the influence of African music and sculpture, Japanese prints and architecture, and the ancient garden decoration in China. As for the ancient Egyptian fever caused by the ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Tutankhamun U 1343 1325 BC. 1920s, not to mention western movies, fashion, jazz, dance packaging, jewelry design and so on. Until the 1990s, the Egyptian pyramids were the most important source of inspiration for Las Vegas, the most famous entertainment venue in the United States. As the British philosopher Russell 1922 said in the article Comparison of Chinese and Western Cultures:

"The communication between different cultures has been proved to be a milestone in the development of human civilization many times in the past. Greece learns from Egypt, Rome learns from Greece, * * * refers to the Roman Empire, medieval Europe imitates * *, and Renaissance Europe imitates the Byzantine Empire "[1].

It is no exaggeration to say that European culture has developed to this day because it can constantly absorb the factors of different cultures and enrich and update itself. Similarly, China's culture has been developed by constantly absorbing foreign cultures. As we all know, the introduction of Indian Buddhism into China has greatly promoted the development of philosophy, religion, literature and art in China. It can be said that China culture benefited from Indian Buddhism, which also developed in China, and its achievements in China were far greater than those in India. In the process of combining Indian Buddhism with China's native culture, Indian Buddhism China formed new Buddhist sects, such as Tiantai, Huayan and Zen. These new Buddhist sects not only influenced the development of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, but also spread to Korea and Japan, which brought great influence to the culture there. Obviously, it is the differences between different cultures that constitute the treasure house of culture, which can often inspire people and lead to the innovation of a certain culture. Without differences and diversified development of culture, it is impossible to have today's colorful human culture.

The relationship between globalization and diversification

Judging from the present situation, although the phenomenon of multiculturalism has always existed, the proposal of "pluralism" itself is the result of globalization. Globalization generally refers to the integration of economic system, the standardization of science and technology, especially the highly developed telecommunications network, which inevitably connects all parts of the world into an inseparable organic whole and turns the huge earth into a "global village". Globalization has made some powerful cultures spread all over the world, and there is a trend of "assimilation" and "annexation" of all other cultures. It seems difficult to have both globalization and cultural diversification. In fact, this is only one aspect of the matter; On the other hand, without globalization, it is obviously impossible to raise the issue of diversity.

First of all, globalization has promoted the disintegration of the colonial system and created a globalized post-colonial society. After the former colonial countries gained legal independence, the first thing they faced was ...

Question 2: How to understand and treat multiculturalism? We should keep an inclusive attitude towards multiculturalism. In fact, there is no difference between good and bad culture.

Question 3: Based on the standpoint of China culture, what do you think of the multicultural relationship in today's era of integration? Life is short, it is not easy to meet someone who will accompany you to your old age, and not many people can care about your warmth and coldness. However, in real life, we often complain about the imperfection of the other half, often compare marriage to a cage, and often deal with emotions selfishly, but why can't we tolerate each other?

Question 4: What do you think of the relationship between monism and multiculturalism? Cultural pluralism can be divided into two parts, which is the dividing line between east and west in speculative methods. The buildings of oriental culture and western culture were built almost simultaneously from 500 BC to 200 BC. At that time, the West was in the ancient Greek era, while China was in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. This is the time to establish thinking methods, language concepts and categories. Western logic, geometry and physics all need subtle deduction as their academic research methods. In the East, whether in China or Indian, induction and generalization are the fundamental laws of creation. Western scientists use a beautiful equation, such as Einstein or physicist Maxwell, to describe the classical iron law of the universe, which existed before human beings. This is called "the secret" in China, and great scientists are all people who let off steam by open-air machines. China folk proverb says: The secret can't be revealed, in fact, the root lies in China people's contempt for "machine things" and their vigilance against "machine heart". On the other hand, they think that the universe is too big to be square, and they hold the view that saints ignore Liuhe (referring to the whole world or universe).

The induction of oriental sentiment and the logical thinking of western deduction have reached a lofty realm, and this ideological duality is parallel to East and West. When I read Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, at the end, two words rose in Kant's mind: starry sky and morality, and I couldn't help crying with joy. Isn't this the unexpected encounter between Lao Zi's "Tao Jing" and "Moral Classics"? I believe that philosophers in the East and the West are trying to solve the relationship between these two words, namely "heaven" and "man". Nowadays, with the advent of the computer age, it is very interesting whether the eastern and western philosophy will further widen the distance and maintain the status of monism, or will they merge into an innovative monism.

Question 5: How to understand the inevitability of multicultural education in the West? The idea of multicultural education is inclusive. Under the banner of equality and justice, it advocates value democracy and cultural randomness, provides reasonable curriculum choice, practice choice and value choice under the test of reality, and makes culture seek a new "tolerance model" in self-conflict and integration. The concept of multicultural education has the continuity of historical development, mutual promotion with educational practice, and some characteristics centered on moral values education.

Question 6: How to understand the value of multiculturalism in contemporary society? The so-called cultural pluralism means that a country or nation absorbs the excellent cultures of other countries or nations on the basis of inheriting its own excellent culture in the process of social development, thus forming a harmonious social atmosphere with its own or its own culture as the mainstay and foreign culture as the supplement. Pluralism means that all cultures have equal right to exist and development space, and they should develop harmoniously and equally with each other. This is the value pursuit and basic feature of cultural diversity, and it is also the inherent law and requirement of cultural development. Multiculturalism is an important resource of a nation or country, which can benefit future generations. In the world, the traditional cultures of all ethnic groups and regions are colorful, which constitutes a unique human landscape. Therefore, although cultural diversity has brought some impacts on national culture to a certain extent, on the whole, cultural diversity is conducive to the prosperity and development of all ethnic groups and cultures in the world.

Question 7: How should we objectively understand and treat the post-90s multiculturalism? accept with an open heart

Be positive and optimistic and make more contributions.

Cherish time, read more books and enhance understanding.

Question 8: What do you think of Singapore's multiculturalism?

Singaporeans are mainly composed of immigrants and their descendants who immigrated from Asia, Europe and other regions in the past century. The characteristics of its immigrant society and the influence of colonial history and geographical location make Singapore present multicultural social characteristics.