Canadian history from 1867 to 1920.

1In the spring of 867, the British House of Lords and the House of Lords formally passed the British North America Act, that is, the Canadian Constitution.

On July 1867 and 1 day, Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick joined forces according to the British North America Act to form a unified federal state, named the dominion of Canada. Because reunification was achieved within the scope permitted by Britain, Canada failed to gain real independence in the political, economic, judicial and diplomatic fields. In the process of union, Canada formed two political parties: the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party. The Conservative Party headed by J.A. MacDonald formed the first government of the dominion of Canada.

1870, MacDonald's government reached an agreement with British Hudson's Bay Company, and acquired land ownership in the west and northwest at the cost of paying 300,000 pounds and setting aside some land. Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Northwest China and Yukon have been established there.

187 1 and 1873, British Columbia and Edward Island successively joined the Federation. At this point, except Newfoundland, half of the North American continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean has been unified under the dominion of Canada. Newfoundland officially joined the Federation in 1949, becoming Canada's 10 province.

In order to develop the economy, the McDonald's government vigorously organized immigrants to the west and developed the west; The transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railway was built in 1872 ~ 188 1 year. Implement a protective tariff policy. These policies have promoted the prosperity and development of Canadian economy.

1858 and 1896 saw two gold rushes in Klondike, a tributary of yukon river. During this period, nickel, silver, radium and other metal mines were also discovered, making Canada a major mineral country in the world. In the process of Canada's territorial expansion to the west, the Metis, led by L D Riel, and some Indians held two uprisings to safeguard freedom and survival rights and oppose national oppression.

At the beginning of the 20th century, when the leader of the Liberal Party, W laurier, was in power, the Canadian capitalist economy developed rapidly. With the completion of the transcontinental railway trunk line, a large number of immigrants flocked to the west to set up farms. The population in the west has increased sharply, the agricultural area has been expanding and the grain output has doubled. The grassland area in the west has become one of the largest barns in the world. Modern industries, including mining, electric power, steel, railway equipment, agricultural machinery manufacturing and other industrial sectors have developed rapidly. A national transportation network dominated by railways began to take shape. Many new cities have appeared along the railway. Montreal and Toronto have become the national economic and cultural centers.

When World War I broke out, Canada declared war on Germany after Britain. During the war, the state mobilized nearly 600,000 troops and undertook a large number of military supplies. After the war, the domestic economy declined, the people lived in poverty and the workers' movement developed. 19 19 A general strike broke out in Winnipeg (see the general strike in Winnipeg).

192 1 year, the leader of the liberal party, W.L.M King, came to power. Canada's capitalist economy has experienced a prosperous period. Agriculture has entered the stage of mechanization. From 65438 to 0920, Canada's total exports to the United States exceeded its total exports to Britain. American investment in Canada has also grown rapidly. The relationship between Canada and the United States is getting closer and closer.

After World War I, Canada stepped up its struggle for autonomy, especially diplomatic autonomy. For the first time, Canada participated in the signing of the post-war Paris Peace Treaty as an independent country and joined the League of Nations.