Brief introduction of sociologist Wu Wenzao

Chinese name of modern figure: Wu Wenzao.

Nationality: China.

Place of birth: Jiangyin, Jiangsu

Date of birth: 190 1 year (ugly year) 65438+February 20th.

Date of death: 1985 (ugly year) September 24th.

Occupation: sociologist

Graduate institutions: Tsinghua University and Dartmouth College.

Main achievements: China was the first to advocate sociology and ethnology.

Masterpieces: Social Science and Social Politics, Ethnic Minorities in China.

Wife: Bing Xin

(lishixinzhi.com in history) characters experience, Wu Wenzao

19 17 was admitted to Tsinghua University. From 65438 to 0923, he went to study in the United States, entered the Department of Sociology of Dartmouth College, got a bachelor's degree, and then entered the Department of Columbia University in new york, got a doctor's degree, and got the certificate of "Best Foreign Student in the Last Ten Years" issued by the school.

1June, 929, she married Bing Xin (Xie Wanying) and became Professor yenching university. Famous scholars Fei Xiaotong, Lin, Huang Huajie, Qu Tongzu, Huangdi, etc. all studied under Mr. Wu Wenzao.

1938 teaches at Yunnan University. 1939 founded the department of sociology, and cooperated with yenching university and Yunnan University to establish a field investigation station.

1940 works in the counselor's office of the Supreme Council of National Defense. Study the religious and educational problems of frontier ethnic groups. From 65438 to 0946, he went to China, served as the head of the political group of the Japanese delegation in Japan, and concurrently served as the representative adviser to the Japanese Allied Committee on Japan. During this period, Wu Wenzao extensively inspected the overall situation of Japan.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Wu Wenzao returned to the motherland with patriotic enthusiasm in 195 1. 65438-0953 Professor of Nationalities College, Director of Domestic Minority Teaching and Research Department, and Director of Ethnography Teaching and Research Department of History Department. 1959.

1979 was hired as the consultant of China Sociological Research Association. 1980 was hired as the consultant of the first China Ethnology Society. 1985 died on September 24th. According to Wu Wenzao's will, no farewell ceremony and memorial service were held. With Bing Xin's efforts, Minzu University of China started to set up Wu Wenzao Cultural Anthropology Scholarship from 1996 to reward underachievers. Mr. Wu Wenzao is the earliest advocate and active practitioner of the localization and China of sociology, anthropology and ethnology in China.

Scholar's career 19 19, Wu Wenzao studied in Tsinghua University, and the wave of the May 4th Movement aroused Wu Wenzao's patriotic enthusiasm. Wu Wenzao resolutely joined in and actively wrote patriotic and anti-imperialist propaganda materials. After the May 4th Movement, Wu Wenzao read a lot of articles by Sun Yat-sen, Liao, Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, from which he was deeply inspired and educated, and laid the ideological foundation of Wu Wenzao's patriotism and democracy. Mr. Wu Wenzao was deeply saddened by the poverty and backwardness of China at that time, and believed that the main reason was the backwardness of China's culture and technology. To change this backward situation, we must first learn from more advanced western science and culture. In the United States, Wu Wenzao eagerly studied modern social science and natural science, and devoted himself to study and research. I have studied sociology, economics, anthropology, psychology, law, history, statistics, demography, logic, ethics, biology, chemistry and many other courses. I also took time out to study French and German.

In Wu Wenzao's view, the prosperity and scientific progress of western society lies in mastering these advanced scientific and cultural knowledge. If China wants to be strong, it must have a large number of talents who master advanced western technology, science and culture. Wu Wenzao's thinking on the historical roots of China's social problems is deeply demonstrated in Wu Wenzao's doctoral thesis "The Opium Problem in China in British Public Opinion and Action". In addition, Wu Wenzao also believes that there are still many problems to be studied in China society and its transformation. Therefore, Wu Wenzao is determined to choose sociology and ethnology as his lifelong major, and wants to put forward a suitable plan to change the backward state of China society by studying these two aspects of China society. It is under the support of this belief that Wu Wenzao returned to the motherland before the publication of his doctorate. At that time, the sociology department in yenching university offered three courses: the history of western social thoughts, family sociology and anthropology, all of which were taught in English at first. Feeling that western theories are out of touch with China's reality, Mr. Wu Wenzao personally compiled a Chinese textbook for each course after taking office, and revised and supplemented it every year according to his own teaching experience and new textbooks, making it perfect day by day.

65438-0933, Mr. Wu Wenzao is the head of the Department of Sociology in yenching university; The acquisition of this post has brought more convenience to Mr. Wu, who strongly advocated and promoted China's sociological thought. Wu Wenzao believes that the most important thing for sociology to be China is to study the national conditions of China, that is, to put forward some suggestions to improve the social structure of China by investigating the situation of villages and cities in various regions of China. Mr Wu Wenzao summarized this as "community research". Wu Wenzao said that "community research" means that "everyone uses the same place or cultural viewpoints and methods to conduct community research in different regions" and "ethnologists visit frontier tribes or communities or colonial communities; Rural sociologists visit rural communities or immigrant communities in the mainland; Urban sociologists investigate urban communities along the coast or along the river. Or specialize in model investigation, that is, static community research to understand the social structure; Or specialize in variation investigation, that is, dynamic community research, to understand the social process; Even for static and dynamic situations, we can go hand in hand and understand the organization and changes of the whole society. " As early as the 1920s and 1930s, Mr. Wu Wenzao raised the issue of the localization of sociology in China. However, today in the 2 1 century, this goal put forward by Mr. Wu has not been achieved. This of course has its special historical reasons.