Who has seen Gide's land grain?

1628, Emperor Chongzhen ascended the throne. He inherited the Ming regime, and his luck was running out, and he was rotten to the core. In the northern land of Huang taiji Nurhachi, Manchu troops were rampant, natural disasters were frequent, uprisings continued, bandits were rampant, and more than half of China's borders were in trouble, pointing at Chao Yin. The situation faced by Zhu, the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was broken, and the precarious situation was in jeopardy.

In 2008, droughts occurred in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan. A year later, the hungry people became thieves because of this year's shortage, and their followers were seven tenths. The six kings of the first chaotic uprising, Kiko, Zhang, Little Red Wolf, Land Sweeper, King Chuang, and many other names. After Zhang and Li Zicheng voted for it for the first time, champion Cole swept Shaanxi and Henan and became one. 1633, King Xiang Ying of Gao Chuang cooperated with Huanglong in northeast Sichuan. Leading the troops from Wushan Waterway to Kuifu, entering Sichuan for the first time, breaking Dachang, Wushan, Yunyang and Bazhou. Qin Liangyu, a female local official in Shizhu County, inspected the troops, which was the main force of upward breakthrough. Councillors from Chang 'an County fled back to Shaanxi to gather the displaced people. According to Xinzhao Village of 18, it has become a climate.

Zhang and Li Zicheng are the same age as Yan 'an. Although they are rebels, they are by no means comrades. During this period, the correct vertical and horizontal cutting of rights and interests is naturally the meaning of the topic and the "internal contradiction" in the revolutionary ranks. Once Li Zicheng invaded Hong Chengchou, Zitong, Sichuan, and suffered a crushing defeat. Almost all the troops were wiped out, and the larvae were transformed into liquidators. According to Zhongyi, Zhongyi was killed. "(ShuGuiJian) Li Zicheng night escape, save his life. However, the reasons for their two rebellions have one thing in common, that is, the bloody cruelty and disturbing harm are far greater than what later generations called "destroying Shu by Zhang" that shook the foundation of feudal dynasty rule. In fact, people in Sichuan and the two places took turns to suffer, but Zhang suffered more.

1634,, Li Zicheng and Zhang jointly traveled to Li Zicheng to leave Sichuan. The bandit Chu went to live in the traps of Kuilou, Cape, Tubazhou and Tongjiangqi. The governor Liu Hanling led the troops to stop and drove back to Shaanxi. Zhang Li fled the area, southern Shaanxi 1635. Li Zicheng was trapped from the carriage gorge, tangled with Luo Rucai's old back shaking yellow 13 Xingyang, hereinafter referred to as "the 13th Party Committee escaped. Specially in Bashan, Hubei, Anhui and Jiangxi? Worms eat.

In the same year, Zhang Lingbing killed thousands of naked women in Fengyang, Luzhou, Sichuan and around Luzhou, which was a little shameful.

1637 (the tenth year of Chongzhen) Li Zicheng was defeated by a mixed star in Hong Chengchou, Hanzhong and Fengxiang, Sichuan and Shaanxi. It involves the traps of Team A in Jialing River Shoal and Zhao Hua, and there is also Tongchuan Gold Capture Hall. The other team filmed Jianmen, Zitong, Mianyang, Mianzhu and Wenjiang, and burned the new capital, which was not less than 20 days around Chengdu. I visited Sichuan in March and captured 36 counties. Trail, bloody, thousands of miles away, the world is fainting. "Kill father, adulterer, tie husband and wife, kill a few pregnant women, autopsy thought finished, see him jump up and throw a boy into the pot, sing a few musicians, tear open a stranger's belly, feed the leader with Mi Dou horse, and for all, the blade of the spine, and then escape. (& gt)

At this time, Zhang, Hubei and Hunan were raging in the border areas of Sichuan, Ming and Zuo Liangyu, and the court ordered them to be hunted for several years. 1642, Zhang was trapped in Luzhou, plundered for several months, and then ran to Anhui.

In June 1644 (Shen Jianian), Zhang led an army to attack Huamei. Because of the imperial ranking of cities-personal use, he unwisely underestimated his enemies. In fact, the same is true of the scribes drinking and writing poems in the army, without a moment's advance and retreat. In addition, the governor Shao Jiechun adopted a weak float chart. Inappropriate, make the army pass through the autumn. Zhang trapped Chongqing officials, Wang Rui officials and the governor and wiped them out. Then they attacked the city and plundered all the way, from eastern Sichuan to western Sichuan. On the ninth day of the eighth lunar month, Chengdu was destroyed and soldiers were slaughtered for three days. /kloc-in June of 0/0, Zhang proclaimed himself emperor and changed his country name to the first year of Dashun.

In the first year of Chongzhen 1628, Li Zicheng revolted in Yan 'an. Zhang, who seized the political power of Atlantic State in Sichuan for three years (1646), was defeated in Xichong and died. Later, the rest continued to detour in nearby Sichuan and eastern Guizhou, and Cole swept through the disaster. Shi Ming said that their soldiers were defeated. How many people are there? Fear of eternal history has no accurate statistics, more than 600 thousand, they only know that the iron hoof swept Sichuan for forty or fifty years. In bad times, Sichuan suffered from "improper deployment of troops" (Dong Zhongshu's "Spring and Autumn Stories"), and the land rich in material resources became an extinct place with dense forests and fled in haste. The war caused them to abandon their land and flee, failing to harvest raw crops. In the ten years of the fiercest war, people ate. Sichuan people suffered from famine, plague and double swords. This kind of destruction brought by social productive forces has caused a great retrogression in history. According to experts, the study was shelved until the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), when the first household was Qing, Sichuan, with only about 80,000 people. The population of Chongzhen Xiu in the late Ming Dynasty exceeded 3 million. A hundred years later, Kanggan immigrated to Huguang and filled Sichuan from the front.

Zhang's killing of Sichuanese is not fully recorded in the history books, but even so, people are still thrilling when reading and opening books. I can only pick up a few bizarre killings and look at the way the peasant revolutionary leaders kill, so that we can get a glimpse of the whole leopard and understand the essence of that person and his team better.

Zhang Tu killed Sichuan, in addition to the general methods of killing, he also had many methods of killing, combining different objects. There has always been chaos between soldiers and bandits. People, old and young, women and children are mostly cruel and troublesome. In Zhang's army, all the women were killed except a few young prostitutes. The latter retreated, food and grass were in short supply, and women were pickled and filled with rations and died. In the case of pregnancy, the plane belly has experienced men and women. Hold the baby and throw it in the air, then give a tip. Look at his hands and feet and dance. It's fun. Name: Snow Loach. Older children or teenagers, after hundreds of firewood igniters form a circle, soldiers go out in a circle with spears and watch their call signs wander around to help their spirits. Topic: consistent drama.

The most heinous language against slight resistance or dissatisfaction, grabbed the skin off his shoulders, exposed his shoulders, went to the suburban withdrawal slot, and left the dining room grave without private ownership, and died for more than a month. If the executioner has expired and lived a life without this crime, the executioner has also been skinned. This name: Little Skinner.

Councillor Chang 'an County was born in the wilderness, vulgar and without words. Out of suspicion and hatred for intellectuals, he will definitely kill literati. According to Shu Mi, his Daxi regime placed officials in various cities in Sichuan, and military orders urged the surrounding gentry to come to the town, enter and exit from the east gate and kill them all. Chengdu only fell in February, killing Jinshi, lifting people, born outside the east gate 17000. Holding a military doctor, take out a 100 square foot banner, write a "handsome" on the full scale side, and a book. People who can avoid death. Wang Tao, a sanitation worker in Jiajiang County, tied up the grass as a pen and dipped it in a vat of ink for 3 days to make a straight book. Zhang Zai looked at it carefully and said, "You are so talented. I will be in phyll in the future! " Kill the flag instantly.

Zhang captured Chengdu, established the political power of various countries in the western regions, and took the imperial examination two months later. Yan was forced to take the exam by the county sergeant, without beheading, sitting next to 10. Previously, he was in Gong Yuan, Chengdu, and from a 4-foot (about1.3m) long rope, he asked to check the rotating rope and the height of the rope, and all of them rushed to the killing gate of Xiqingyang Palace. There are more than 10000 people before and after. The people left behind brushed a pile of mountains, looked at them, clapped their hands and smiled happily.

Zhang's incredible self-mutilation committed suicide. "Shu Broken Mirror" records that one night, his youngest son passed by the front hall and asked not to order the killing of the child. At the regret meeting held the next morning, the wives asked why they didn't save people last night, and ordered the wives and their little son to be killed by sizing in all directions.

The longer he spent, the more anxious he became about military failure and killed his soldiers. According to "Sichuan is slightly difficult to tell". Zhang said that the Qing army suppressed the pursuit, abandoned Chengdu and fled to Xichong. No one can be killed, and suicide and death are confirmed. One hundred and twenty thousand people. Kill Shu soldiers early, then kill Shu soldiers, get rid of diseases, and then kill them by uprising. $365,438+100,000 horses, more than two months, more than half were killed, alleviating the escape. Zhang is in charge of killing the poor and swearing at his men, saying: I only need to crack 3000, and I can run wild all over the world, so many people are doing nothing!

Zhang has said many times that dreams are apocalypses, and God gave life to the Bible to murder sinners. "It's difficult to record Shu, but it's against heaven: there are many people and cunning, and I'm not afraid of the plague. I want a similar person to take two or three inches of books and screen censorship, but I have bypassed early literacy. Somehow. " So, he killed a man with a solemn sense of mission, a bit like killing a KB molecule named Allah today, but it was also D, lying and cheating.

Councillors in Chang 'an County set up wooden tables, lived on the coeducational stage, and then set fires everywhere. The scream of time shook, and Zhang laughed at it. In order to feed horses, he cut open the organs after killing people and soaked Mi Dou's horses in human blood. Horses are very, very fat

The besiegers met with fierce resistance, and Zhang made the captured women undress and abuse them.

There was a beautiful woman LJ who was dying, and then her head was cut off, and her body was buried upside down after the land war. A woman's lower body is facing up. They think that suppressing the fire.

Except for one case, that is, a woman died, one of Zhang's soldiers entered the family, and there was only one reluctant woman left in the family, who took the initiative to engage in prostitution with the soldier. When Zhang's soldiers pass by, women must first be welcomed by them and stripped naked, so that they can have a chance to save a person's life.

Zhang treats women in a special way. He designed a torture called "riding a wooden donkey" to deal with uncooperative women: women hung their genitals, tied them to a vertical wooden stick, and then cut the rope. This woman came out from the genitals, wearing a wooden stick, and then came out from the nose and mouth. Women were tortured until three or four days ago, and they also died. The daughter was so frightened that she had to take the initiative to sacrifice herself, which was better than prostitutes and prostitutes.

Every time Zhang captured ideal city, the plundered women had to choose several charming places with him first. The upper body is gaudy and beautiful, and the lower body is naked. Whenever and wherever you open your mouth, immediately order these beautiful women to fall across the rape. When they are tired of washing, peel them clean, steam them or cook them. Sometimes he can't wait for these beautiful women to cook, and his blood begins to gnaw.

/kloc-in the spring of 0/643, Zhang was depressed, extremely rich, and owned Qinshui. When he entered Huangzhou and everyone fled, he drove the women to shovel the city and then killed all the women in the city to fill the trench. Zhang's army should swim to the river covered by the floating bodies of priests on Nautilus Island. The fat master was tired of floating in the water for several inches, and the inedible fish and turtles were all in the water. Zhang Gai went to Tianshou Mansion in Wuchang City, where he opened a course and was admitted. "

In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng entered the DPRK and hanged Meishan, the Emperor of Chongzhen. At that time, the Qing army entered Zhang and captured Chengdu. Wang said that the establishment of the Atlantic and Atlantic mechanisms. After the Zhang Shu massacre, men, women and children were killed, skinned and chopped into meat sauce. Female soldiers collectively LJ LJ killed them with a knife. Zhang suffers from malaria. He said that "Make a Wish to Heaven" "overthrew two candle gods to pay tribute until he and the people around him understood what he meant." . Zhang He even has soldiers, cutting off women's thin feet, and each soldier should have at least 10 pairs of dedicated soldiers. Tang Xianzu specializes in searching for women. As long as women take the first step in the same place, they have piled up in the military camp. City Councillor Zhang Mingmen gathered the square of silver foot into the shape of a mountain, which is called Lotus Peak. Looking back, he saw that the princess's feet were small, so he cut them off and piled them on the lotus peak. Before that, these feet were burned, and men cut off their heads or cut off their penises and piled them in the sun. ,

Zhang is cunning and bloodthirsty, and has never killed anyone. Unfortunately. Hershey lost to Keke. , a surname champion. Zhang Guanjun's knowledge of appearance is excellent. His face looks like a beautiful flower. In Zhang, he loved eating and sleeping, but on 1 day, Zhang's entourage suddenly said, "I love this champion. At that moment, he was reluctant to leave, so he might as well kill him, so as not to be afraid all day. " So the champion cut into several pieces of cloth and hung it on the bed, and then he hung a list, ostensibly an exam. In response, the scholar sitting on the floor dug a pit three or four feet deep. The scholar came to Qingyang Palace for ten years, and Zhang tui's pit was buried alive. Abuse Zhang in Chengdu People's Park. In the Ming Dynasty, Wei dropped 980,000 soldiers and was killed. He sent his four generals to kill the houses in Xiuxian County, which was called "grass killing". Zhang Chuang invented the skinning method, that is, before a person's skin is completely peeled off, the executioner will arrive at the place where the person is already dead. According to the power of ginger vinegar to murder Syria. In terms of performance, Zhang will be punished. Captain Zhang Jun and Wang Ming, dozens of people killed and skinned less.

Sichuan people were slaughtered in an instant. Volume 50 of Minghuihui records that there were 262,694 households in Sichuan in the sixth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, with 3102,000 people riding 13 ",and in the twenty-fourth year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Anxian County in Sichuan decreased sharply 18090. Records on the account can also be noted, such as * * * and Wenjiang County, China. Volume 1 records: Wenjiang County, after Zhang's death 13, only thirty taels left. After this disaster, it can be said that several Sichuanese were born and raised. The folk proverb says: "B and C are red here every year", "Rogue, rogue, the difference between the upper bound and the beheading. If the endless plague messenger comes. " /kloc-more than 0/00 civilians were hit, and Zhang sent close-fitting soldiers to eavesdrop. The soldiers even complained that the whole family had been killed.

Why did Zhang's Sichuanese kill an empty man? The absurd story is that Zhang killed all the people in Sichuan because they were too extravagant and dissolute. At that time, women's skirts were white, embroidered with red silk thread into romantic and fragrant poems, and then floated around. If frightened pedestrians in the market read the words on the embroidered skirts, they would smile. Show and other popular women wear high-grade embroidered shoes of about four inches. The ebony carving on the heel hides the sandalwood carving of young flowers, and a small hole is opened in the incense. Stepping on the heel of every high-end shoe will reveal a young flower like the end of Hong Kong. Because of Zhang's ravages, Sichuan women are beautiful, but they are no longer poetic and romantic melodies.

Suicide Zhang, Sichuan, the city's miscellaneous tree arches, wild dogs eat human flesh like tigers and leopards, and wild animals are killed on the road, leaving one side behind. People fled to the deep mountains, wearing clothes and carrying straw, and all their hair was covered. After three years of Shunzhi, the base areas in Sichuan have been exhausted, and Zhang began to March into Shaanxi in an attempt to compete for Qingxian. He burned down the palace farmhouse in Chengdu and mobilized people to enter northern Sichuan to try to kill soldiers. Under the command of General Liu Jinzhong, Sichuan soldiers fled when they heard the news. Zhang was captured and beheaded in the Phoenix Slope on the border of Yanting. When the Qing army arrived in Chengdu, there was a government of less than 24 people in Chengdu.

In Qing Dynasty, Peng Zunsi wrote a four-volume book Shu Bi, which described Zhang's existence in Sichuan. This book has been compiled by others before the excavation and trial of his young Zhang legacy. Specific scenes recorded by western missionaries.

Zhang's cruelty may be unacceptable, but it is actually the true side of the homeless. Mr. Wang Xuetai's culture of vagrants and China society "vagrants are different from farmers, and the world has been in chaos for generations. Many rebels are homeless people, not farmers. Zhang went to the old enemy with the decadent Ming Dynasty, lacking practical application. He occupied one place and then gave up, moved to another place and stopped killing him aimlessly ()

Analysis of the recent vitality of the "Seven Killing Monuments" with a long history. In 2000, some historians who studied the ancient peasant uprisings re-evaluated the History of the Three Kingdoms. Pan, a professor of Miscellanies of the Pacific Ocean, said: "Professor Zaisishi's Huang Chao Uprising (published in Together in 2004 12) reflects the original appearance of the Huang Zhao Uprising in the Tang Dynasty. In fact, in the past two thousand years, the peasant uprisings in ancient China can be traced back to Wu Guang, Chen She and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom hundreds of times. Is this a real "peasant uprising" and how can it greatly promote the development of productive forces and social progress? We need to think it over.

Sichuan, Zhang, why are you so cruel? Lu Xun's "Essays on Morning Cold" makes it very clear: "He didn't kill people at first, and he didn't want to be an emperor. Later, he learned that Li Zicheng went to Beijing, followed by Qing soldiers who refused to go this way, so he killed and killed ... He clearly felt that the world had its own things, but now it is destroying other people's things. The elegance of some last emperors is exactly the same as the antique treasures after his father died or burned books. He is still a soldier, but he doesn't like antiques, so I kill, kill, kill, kill. "Li Zicheng became the emperor, the emperor is to let him want to kill people killed him, because he didn't do the emperor.

Zhang launched a peasant uprising, but he hoped to change the dynasty and compete for "this old chair", which did not bring any benefits to the people. It can't be the motive force of China's social development, Huang Chao, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, human murder, major disasters, the destruction of productive forces and the retrogression of history. Over the years, our history textbooks have been indiscriminate about the ancient peasant uprising. Song Zan exaggerated its historical role and executed it for crimes against humanity, which greatly damaged productivity and even concealed it. But history is history after all, not a force of denial or concealment. Zhonghe Huang Chao and Hong Xiuquan in Chang 'an County, as Marx said, "They scare people more seriously than the old rulers." Apart from changing the dynasty, they did not put forward their own tasks. Just as their task is to destroy the decline and stagnation of the opposition in the ugly disaster area, there is no sign of any construction work. "Obviously, Taiping rebels are China people's fantasy, depicting the incarnation of the devil. However, only in China, there are such demons. This kind of devil is the product of stagnant social life. " (Chronicle of Marx)