Yang Keng Village, Chishi Town, Haifeng County, Shanwei City, Guangdong Province

Chishi Town is located in the northwest of Haifeng County, Shanwei City, Guangdong Province, 39 kilometers away from Haifeng County, bordering Huidong County, and Chishi River, the second largest river in Haifeng, runs through the whole territory. The town covers an area of 293.5 square kilometers, accounting for one-sixth of Haifeng County. Chishi Town governs 1 1 administrative villages, 2 communities and 86 villagers' groups. According to statistics, the total population is 1.9 million, and there are more than 3,000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. It is the seat of the sixth detachment of the former Dongjiang column and the Central County Committee of Hailufeng. It has been fought and moved by proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation such as Red Second Division, Red Fourth Division and Xu. History and culture: The past of Shi Feng River in the west of Haifeng County, with green mountains and green waters. In the meantime, there are three basins: Da 'an Cave, Mingre Cave and Sixiang. The three major water systems, Daan River, Mingre River and Chishi River, pass through the caves, join a Phoenix River in the south of Chishi Market, and then leave Kowloon Bay for the sea through the emergency gate. Fenghe River is the mother river of Chishi people. For thousands of years, she has fed her people with full milk. As early as the full moon era, Chishiyue, located between Guishan (now Huiyang and Huidong) and Haifeng, was the place where people first woke up. Recently, the reporter followed the Fenghe River from Da 'an Cave to Chishi Market, from Jiangtou Village to Xiawei Village, and pursued all the way. In the shadow of bamboo, ancient villages, ancient docks, ancient ferries ... beautiful and quaint pictures shake the echo of history. Fenghe River, the second largest water system in Haifeng County, flows from northeast and northwest to southeast, with a total land area of 382 square kilometers and a river length of 36 kilometers, including Chishi River, a first-class tributary of Mingshui River, and four small tributaries. The geological structure of Fenghe River Basin belongs to Guanzhong-Feier fault zone of Lianhuashan fault zone, which enters the basin from Feier via Yinpingshan and divides into two tributaries in Jin Kui Cave. The main branch crosses Chishi and Tanghu from east to west, exits Huidong Baiyun, and meets Gaotan-Shenzhen fault zone in fresh water. The other branch line runs through Ebou, Geelong and the south bank of Hong Kong and runs from Daya Bay to Chisha. The name of Fenghe River is due to the shape of the lower reaches. The narrow and steep riverbed in the upper reaches suddenly becomes wide under the emergency gate, and the water flow is gentle. The sun is sparkling like a phoenix, so it is called Fenghe. Perhaps because of the influence of "crossing the Fenghe River late", the whole river is called Fenghe. Fenghe River originates from Baima Peak, with an altitude of1.256m, bordering Huidong County. The 7-kilometer-long reach at the source of Shanxi River is called Beikeng, which flows into the Jin Kui Valley and reaches the end of the pond for 6 kilometers. Dongkeng and Jilongshan are injected from the left and right banks respectively. Jilong Mountain originated from Dongguan Mountain, where the Red Army Cave was built. Two kilometers below, Dajiaoyuan River was injected from the left bank. Bajiao Garden originated in Fengding Mountain at the junction of Meilong and Yuzaitan, and merged with the main road at Mazaijiao, one of the larger tributaries in the upper reaches. It flows 6 kilometers south from Mazaijiao, and passes through Longtan Slope to Xincheng. 1.5km goes down from Xincheng to Sanjianglou Village, and Mingre River is injected from the right bank. Mingre River, a first-class tributary of Chishi River, originated in Heliang City, with a peak height of 1.282 m and a length of 22 km. From Tanghu down to the right of Bingtangpu, there is a Mingxi which originates from Chengdu Mountain and has a peak height of1098m, and joins the mainstream at Sanjiang Building. There are waterfalls on the underwater mountain in the upper reaches, such as the blue dragon flying down, and there are pools under the mountain; It is called Qinglong Lake, which is unfathomable. The lower reach of Sanjiang Tower has a wide river surface, and after several turns, it enters the emergency gate gorge. Urgent water, as the name implies, is also a fast-flowing water. Door, pictographic said also. The wide river suddenly shrinks by half here, and rocks are inserted into the river bed, such as a gate to intercept the river, with a drop of 1.5 meters. Later generations called it the gate of drawing water with elegance. There is a village by the river, also named after it. "Pull back the horse and cross the river" is the natural landscape here. The stones in the river are uneven. From a distance, it looks like a war horse wading in, and the water rumbles against the stone, like a galloping war horse crossing the river. The river under the emergency door is another scene. The narrow and steep riverbed in the upper reaches suddenly becomes open here, and the water flow is gentle. In the sun, sparkling, like a phoenix in the distance. On the right bank of the security door is Sham Chung Village, where there is a ferry. In the old days, it was an official ferry, and passers-by were exempt from paying ferry fees. It's called Yidu, and a stone tablet of "Fenghe Yidu" stands on the shore, which was erected during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty. There are beautiful mountains and beautiful scenery. Whenever the sun sets, the rosy clouds shine, and there is a wonderful scene of "crossing the Feng River at night", which is one of the eight ancient scenes of Haifeng. Fenghe Ferry to Yuandun Forest Farm 1.2km, Guangshan Highway Bridge crosses the river, and then 4km lower. Originated in Nanmen River in Ebushan, it flows into the mainstream from the right bank to the foot of Baota shan. After the mainstream income in Nanmen River, it flows south to Shapudu and Kowloon Bay. During the flood, Chishi was once an inland seaport. Whenever the flood season overflows and the tide recharges, this area will reproduce the scene of "big mouth and small belly, and the island stands tall". The time series is more overlapping, the sea is changing, the sediment is falling, and the harbor is gradually turned into a plain. With the gradual disappearance of the sea, only a winding river remains. Fenghe River is a section where the cecum connects with the sea. Where there is a river in the ancient village, there are people. Down the river, the village is simple and quiet. The village is shaded by trees, and the green hills outside the village are towering. The first stop to visit the ancient village is Jiangtou Village. The village is named after being built on the upper reaches of the river, and the locals call it "Jiang". In the twenty-five years of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1537), Wen's ancestors moved here from their ancestral home in Fujian and began to live an isolated life with people along the Yangtze River. Wandering around the village, I seldom see people in Zhuangqing Village. "They have all gone out to work," grandma said slowly. Standing on the red stone bridge, overlooking Sanjiang Lou Village, the picture of the ancient house composed of white walls of green bamboo and tiles is fascinating. The tiles on the roof, the color of Mu Feng combing rain hundreds of years later, which painter can match? Sanjiang Lou Village was built in the early Qing Dynasty (1626- 1636) and once lived in Zhong, Lin, Huang, Zhang, Li and Chen. It is named because it is located at the intersection of Jin Kui Dahe River, Mingre River and Chishi River, and there is a city gate building. The tall and majestic gatehouse is gone, and the old ferry is still there. The ship is lazy and berthed, showing the artistic conception of "crossing the wild without a boat", which is in stark contrast to the bridge flying frame and the natural moat changing into a thoroughfare. When I set foot in Li Yupu Village, I had a puzzled question in my mind. Is the big grass pond shaped like a big carp still there? The carp head is still facing the Chishi River, right? "If you want to see carp, you have to climb a distant mountain!" My friend Xiao Ceng seems to have guessed my idea. Later, he introduced the history of the village. Apparently, they lived for eight years (1473), and the Chen brothers moved from their ancestral tea garden to live in the village. In the fifty-ninth year of Qing Qianlong (1795), some immigrants surnamed Liu moved from Meixian, their ancestral home, to Ebu Huangniuwan, and then moved to live above the village, forming a rural area. Li Yupu is close to Chishi Market. In the past, it used to be a berth for seagoing ships and a distribution center for seafood and mountain products. Fairy boats can reach Daan. At noon, under the big banyan tree at the head of the village, several old people in black underwear lay on bamboo chairs to enjoy the cool, enjoying the comfort of the mountain breeze, and a puppy next to them looked at us strangers warily. This is the picture in the child's memory. The old man's dark skin and sudden hair roots are reminiscent of the painter's father. Below Li Yupu Village is Dashantou Village, which is the pier for crossing Chishi River in Qing Dynasty. In the thirty-third year of Qingganlong (1769), residents surnamed Li from nearby Matouling Village took the lead in moving here to settle down, and then moved from neighboring villages to residents such as Lin, Hong, Peng, Yu and Chen, forming a village. Because the village is built under the main peak of Niushiya, the hills around the village are very high and famous. Xiawei Village downstream is our last stop. This village surrounded by rivers on three sides has the charm of a southern water town. In the early years of Yuan Dynasty (1230), Chen's ancestors moved here from Fujian. Some residents surnamed Chen are descendants of immigrants who moved from Li Yupu village during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty (1553- 1566). Sham Chung Ancient Pier Sham Chung Village, also known as Sham Chung Village. Rough, the sea can reach. The deep water more than ten meters deep is shaped like a pot, so it is called "deep water". Shenyong Village is located at the intersection of salt and fresh water in the lower reaches of the Fenghe River. It used to be a dock where ships docked, and you can often see the magnificent scenery of thousands of ships fighting for the current and the river full of ships. In ancient times, before the docks in coastal areas were formed, the loading and unloading of goods in county towns and major trade ports mainly depended on inland river docks. The deep-water shipping industry was once very developed, and many "gold diggers" flocked to it, and the cargo ships coming and going every day became a scene here. Therefore, the Sham Chung Pier is often crowded and very lively. In the early Qing Dynasty, immigrants such as Zhang and Lin from Meilong first came here to farm and fish, and then moved from neighboring villages to villages with residents such as Li, Ye, Wu, Hong and Yang. "Sham Chung" used to be a well-known name, and everyone knew it. In the past, when overseas Chinese sent back letters, they only needed to write "China Haifeng Shenchong" on the envelope. Chishi water traffic mainly depends on Fenghe River, Daan River and Mingre River. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the means of transportation on the Feng River were mainly "bird-catching boats" and "Binxing boats". A large number of native products of Chishi are continuously sold to other places, and non-staple food and daily necessities from other places are also very popular in Chishi, and every cargo ship returns with a full load. When we arrived at Daan Creek and Mingre Creek, we had to change to a ship named Liu Zi because the river became shallow. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, the Fenghe River was still navigable. Later, due to the relocation of "Shanpuzai" at sea, it became a dangerous harbor. 196 1, an auxiliary passage will be opened from Shanpuzai to the front of Xiao Mo market. By the mid-1970s, the former auxiliary waterway of Xiao Mo market became shallow and narrow, making it difficult for large cargo ships to pass through, and the river transport was gradually abandoned. Now, all this is in the past, and the ancient pier is gone. Prosperity is like a dream, the once rich shipping industry and the once prosperous docks have all been submerged in the long river of history. Late crossing the Fenghe River "Late crossing the Fenghe River" is one of the eight ancient scenic spots in Haifeng. Turning over the local chronicles, there is no lack of descriptions of its natural landscape: "The river near Shenyong Village in Fenghe River is wide, the hillside on the west side is green and dripping, and the bamboo shadow hangs upside down in the water along the river. Whenever the sun sets, the colorful clouds set each other off and the mountains are beautiful. " For thousands of years, the vast river still reflects the bamboo shadow, the slope is green and the ferry is still there. However, we can't wait until the sun goes down to see the beautiful landscape of rivers and mountains. However, what does it matter? Don't you know that it's better to listen to the scenery than to see it, and how to listen to it is better than to "read"? During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Yao, the magistrate of Haifeng County, once wrote a poem praising: The long river meets the horizontal pond, and the boat beckons to ride the sunset. Flower dancing in front of Mundi, Yan is busy in Wenquanling. The light radiation wave urges the color, and the wild crossing takes the phoenix to enjoy the cool night. I heard that Yang Taogang was ten miles away and heard the smell of the monk's house baking tea. Poets of past dynasties also left many poems: Jiangcun area is surrounded by Mao Peng, and the scenery is clear when it is near Huangcuo. Ancient wooden cage smoke, magpies and cranes, evil wind and drum waves play proudly. In front of the beach, Father Fish disappeared, and the bell of Xia Ling Temple rang intermittently. The passengers hurried back to their boat, and the sails hung obliquely in the depression at sunset. The light of the stream melts into the dusk, and the green hills on the shore enter the mirror. The wild water lingers far away from the blue, with a faint sunset red. Pedestrians don't hesitate to look back. But I envy the fishermen near the deep water and forget that seagulls face west and east. In fact, "crossing the river in righteousness" and "crossing the river in the evening" are the same thing, but the former emphasizes "righteousness" and the latter emphasizes "scenery". Only the beauty of the scenery makes people linger; A righteous act, which makes people respect. Fenghe Ferry is the only official ferry leading to Huizhou and Guangzhou in ancient eastern Guangdong. Mingre Hot Spring is10km to the north and 5km to the northeast of Yangtiling. Ferry means that the government pays to choose a boat, hire a ferryman and live at the ferry, so that passers-by can have a ferry sooner or later. Because it is exempt from paying ferry fees, it is called "Fenghe Yidu". The name of "Fenghe Yidu" is official, but it was actually set up by Tongzhi title Ringo himself. Qing Tongzhi Edition Haifeng County Records? Continue? "People" contains: Ringo word Shunyi,No. Shoushan, giving five titles as an example. Be charitable, build bridges by leveling roads, repair cities and fill the sea, advocate building sheds for education departments to review, rebuild Minglun Hall and Xiao Jie Temple, rest in Yu Guangzhou and Binxing, build tea kiosks, give them to Confucian temple workers for rent, and set up ferries between Daye and Fenghe. The sky is one color and the ship is full. On this day, Fenghe stayed in Gudu, and the smoke was still in autumn. The long wind of years has already blown away the autumn moon in Qin and Han dynasties, but a stone tablet, an iron pen and a silver hook at the foot of Dukou Mountain have fixed the past hundreds of years ago as eternity. There are three lines in the inscription, the first line is "the first year of Xianfeng191autumn", the middle line is "abundant and beneficial capital", and the next line is "guests don't have to pay for exchanges". Dragon Boat Festival In the ancient Dragon Boat Festival, dragon boat races were often held in villages on both sides of the Fenghe River. Nearby residents help the old and bring the young, watch the game and cheer, and people are crowded and lively. The winner paraded on the river and celebrated. At noon, red and green women take "afternoon water" from the Fenghe River. It is said that it will not rot for a year and can cure diseases. Men take their children to the river to take a bath. It is said that you won't get sore poison after washing for a year. Every household picks banyan branches from the river and inserts them in the door or window of the house, which is called "inserting green". At noon, some people smoke mosquitoes with mugwort leaves. It is said that there are no mosquitoes for one year after fumigation. At noon, every Hakkas eat zongzi balls and Ciba, and every household in Jianmi language area cooks with water. Chishi Dragon Boat Festival is an ancient style, and the songs echoed with historical notes. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Liao and Jin invaded the border, and the people of the Central Plains moved southward on a large scale. The relatively stable environment and a large number of valleys in eastern Guangdong have attracted rogue soldiers and the masses who are eager to live and work in peace and contentment. Suddenly, the population of Chaoshan and Huizhou increased sharply, with 60,000 to 70,000 people each. Especially in the late Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan soldiers captured Lin 'an, and hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians from Jiangsu, Huai, Fujian and Zhejiang took refuge in Chaozhou and Huizhou coastal states in Guangdong. Chishi area is located on the west side of Yangtaoling Post Road, with vast land and sparse population and rich water resources. At one time, there were nearly 200 villages with a population of more than 30,000, which brought Fulao culture and Hakka culture and laid the foundation for Chishi people. Immigrants from all over the world brought the culture, art and customs of their original place of residence, making Chishi a cornucopia of folk art.