Zigui classical Chinese literature

1. What is the meaning of water in classical Chinese

①Break: break off friendship | isolate | flow incessantly | flow endlessly.

② Completely gone; exhausted: extinct|extinct|killed to death.

③No way; no way out: dead end | desperate situation | survival in desperate situation / cliff.

④ Unique, something that no one can catch up with: unique skill | unique move | stunning beauty.

⑤ Extreme; the most: wonderful | top secret | the vast majority.

⑥Completely; definitely: never allowed | never intended.

⑦Death; stopping of breathing: breathlessness | grief-stricken.

⑧Refers to quatrains: Five Jue | Seven Jue.

⑧Cross over, cross: "Those who make false boats are not capable of water, but of rivers."

⑨The highest peak: the top of Mount Tai. Hui Dang Ling~Ding 2. Translation of Yanshui Li Daoyuan's classical Chinese

Original text: The river flows eastward and leads to the Xiling Gorge. Yidu records: "From the east of Huangniutan to the boundary of Xiling, to the mouth of the gorge for a hundred miles, the mountains and rivers are winding, and there are high mountains and heavy obstacles on both sides. The sun and the moon are not visible except in the middle of the day and midnight. The cliffs may be more than ten feet long, and the rocks are colorful. There are many similar descriptions: The trees are tall and luxuriant in winter and spring. The sound of apes is heard in the valley, and the sound is endless. "This is one of the three gorges. Shan Song said: "I often heard that the water in the gorge was dangerous, and I was told by secretaries and oral reports that I was afraid of it. It was never said that the beauty of the mountains and rivers was there. When I came to this place, I was so happy that I began to believe that what I heard was better than seeing it with my own eyes.

Translation: The water of the Yangtze River flows east again, flowing through the Xiling Gorge. "Yidu Ji" says: "The river flows eastward from Huangniutan to the Xiling boundary for more than a hundred miles, with mountains and water. The flow is very twists and turns. The high mountains on both sides of the river heavily block the river surface. Unless it is noon or midnight, the sun and moon cannot be seen. Some of the cliffs on the bank are as high as a thousand feet, and the colors and conditions of the stones on the walls have many shapes that resemble something. The trees are dense and dense all year round from winter to spring. The chirping sound of the apes is very clear and sad, echoing in the valley, the sound is endless. "(People) call it the "Three Gorges", this is one of them. Yuan Shansong said: "I often hear that the water in the gorge is very fast. Book records and oral legends all warn that it is scary to climb here. No one has yet Praise the beautiful landscape. When I came to visit this place in person, I felt extremely happy when I got there, and I believed that what I heard with my ears was not as good as what I saw with my own eyes. ” 3. How to translate the classical Chinese text "Xiling Gorge"

The original translation of the classical Chinese text "Xiling Gorge" is as follows:

The river flows eastward, passing through Xiling Gorge - the water of the Yangtze River flows eastward again

"Yidu Ji" said: "From Huangniutan east to Xiling boundary to the mouth of the gorge, the mountains and rivers are winding, and there are high mountains on both sides, not even in the middle of the day or midnight. , no sun or moon could be seen - "Yidu Ji" said: "The river flows eastward from Huangniutan into Xiling boundary and reaches the mouth of the gorge for more than a hundred miles. The mountains and the flow of the water are winding. There are high mountains on both sides. It also heavily blocks the surface of the river, and the sun and moon cannot be seen except at noon or midnight.

The cliff may be thousands of feet long, and its rocks are colorful and similar. The trees are tall and luxuriant. In winter and spring, some of the cliffs on the shore are as high as a thousand feet, and the colors and shapes of the stones on the walls resemble something similar. The trees are dense and dense, and they are like this in all seasons from winter to spring: the sound of apes is clear, and the sound is heard in the valley. , The so-called Three Gorges is one of the cliffs on the shore, some of which are thousands of feet high.

The colors and shapes of the stones on the walls are similar to those of tall trees. It is dense all year round from winter to spring. The chirping of the apes is very clear and sad, echoing in the valley, and the scenery is endless. "This is one of the "Three Gorges" (people) call it.

Shansong said: "I often heard that my companions were suffering from water diseases, and the secretary and other officials told me to warn them when they were afraid. There was no such thing as the beauty of mountains and rivers. When I came to this place, I was so happy that I began to believe in it. It's better to hear it than to see it with your own eyes. It's hard to describe the lofty peaks and strange shapes.

Looking up and looking down, I become more accustomed to it, lingering in it, never forgetting to return. What I have experienced is unprecedented. Now that you are delighted to see this wonder and see the spirit of the mountains and rivers, you should also be surprised to know that it will last for eternity. "——Yuan Shansong said: "I often hear that the water in the gorge is very fast. Book records and oral legends all warn that it is scary to climb here. No one has praised the beauty of the mountains and rivers.

I came to visit this place in person. Once I got there, I felt so happy that I believed that what I heard with my ears was not as good as what I saw with my own eyes. The cascading cliffs, beautiful peaks, peculiar structures, and abnormal shapes are indeed difficult to describe in words. The trees in the mountain forest stand tall and prosperous, even outside the clouds. Look up to admire the mountains and distant trees, and lean down to watch the reflection in the river. The more familiar you are with this scenery, the more beautiful it becomes.

I stayed for two nights and forgot to return before I realized it. (I) have seen and experienced it with my own eyes, (yet). I have been delighted to appreciate this unique landscape. The mountains and rivers are spiritual. I am so surprised that I have finally met my soulmate after all this time! ”

Extended information:

Xiling Gorge starts from Xiangxikou in the west of Zigui County, Hubei Province in the west, and ends at Nanjinguan in Yichang City, Hubei Province in the east. Historically, it has been known for its winding waterways and strange rocks. It is famous for its numerous beaches, fast water, and thrilling boating. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, after many years of management of the Sichuan River channel and the completion of the Gezhouba Water Conservancy Project, the water situation has tended to calm down, but the beautiful scenery of Xiling remains as before. The gorge is known as "dangerous" and is the most dangerous part of the Three Gorges.

It starts from Xiangxikou in the west of Zigui County, Hubei Province, and ends at Nanjinguan in Yichang City, Hubei Province in the north. Fei Gorge, Zigui, Qu Yuan's hometown, etc., with Dengying Gorge on the south bank. A famous poem that has been praised throughout the ages. 4. Translation of the ancient text "Entering Shu"

The original translation of "Entering Shu" was on the 14th (July), evening and clear.

Open the south window to view the mountain. There are many fish in the stream, and they jump out of the water, reflecting the slanting sun.

Those who fish for fish are very hopeful, so the price is very low. The local people say that the water in this stream is fertile and suitable for fish.

The water tastes sweet and fruity. Do you believe that there are many fish in the southeast of the stream? Gai Qingshan. Translation: On the evening of the 14th (July), the sky was clear.

Open the south-facing window in the cabin and watch the scenery of the river and mountains. There are many fish jumping out of the water from time to time. When we come out, the sunset shines on the stream like a silver knife.

People fishing with poles and nets are everywhere. Because of this, the price of fish is very low, and the servants and servants can eat it every day. Full. The local people said that the water in this stream is very fertile, suitable for the growth of fish.

When I heard about the water in the stream, I felt that the water tasted really sweet. Is it really because of the fertilizer? Many peaks in the southeast part of the stream look like they have been dyed with blue-black paint. They turn out to be green mountains. It was dawn and rainy on the 14th of August.

After crossing a small rocky mountain, half of it was cut straight from the top. , It is very similar to Shushan on the bank of Yuyao River. When I was thrown into the river, I met a wooden raft, which was more than ten feet wide and more than fifty feet long.

Translation: On the 14th (August), (the boat left Fuchi. Departing westward) at dawn, it rained. Passing a small rocky mountain, (this mountain) was as straight as cutting half of the top of the mountain, very similar to Shushan on the Yuyao River.

While sailing on the river, I met. A wooden raft is more than ten feet wide and fifty feet long. According to the original text, there are thirty or forty houses with wives, chickens, dogs, mortars, and baskets. There are streets between them, and there are also shrines that have never been seen before.

The people in the boat said that this is only for the small ones. The big ones spread the soil on the raft to make a vegetable garden or a wine shop. They can no longer fit in, but they are just pulling the boat against the wind that day, since Pingdan. By the end of the day, we had only traveled fifteen or six miles.

We stopped at Liuguanji, near the border of Qizhou. The children came ashore and returned to the clouds: "After reaching the path, we reached the mountain, where there was a faint lake with lotus flowers. It is very rich.

There are many trees and roses along the lake. In the setting sun, there are several Lufan thatched cottages, which seem to be quiet and quiet, but there is no sound. There is a big pear. I want to buy it, but I can't get it.

The boats in the lake are picking water chestnuts, but they don’t respond when called.

When he was even more desperate, he set up a trap along the road. He suspected that there were tigers and wolves, so he didn't dare to go. "

Liu Guanji reported that Zhaolie of the Yunhan Dynasty entered Wucheng and forged a boat here. In the evening, he watched the big turtle floating and sinking in the water.

There are thirty or forty families in the translation, and his wife There are children, chickens and dogs, as well as mortars and hammers for pounding rice. There are passages to and from each other, and there are also shrines, which have never been seen before.

The boatman said that this is still a small one. The big ones can be used to spread soil on the bamboo rafts to make vegetable fields or open hotels, but they are so big that they can no longer be driven into the small inlet and can only travel in the river. There is a headwind that day, and the trackers pull the boat hard. It only took fifteen or six miles from dawn to sunset.

The boat anchored at Liuguanji, which is the ancient border of Qizhou. After returning, I said: "I found a small road. Behind the mountain, there is a small lake with a large area. There are many lotus seeds and water chestnuts. There are many euphorbias along the lake. Several families are standing in the sunset, with reed fences and thatched houses. It seems to be an elegant place, and it is so quiet that there is no one there. Voice.

I have a big pear. I want to buy it, but I can’t. There are light boats in the lake collecting water chestnuts, but no one agrees to their orders.

Wanting to take a closer look, I happened to see a tool for catching wild animals on the side of the road. I suspected that there were tigers and wolves, so I didn't dare to go any further. "Liu Guanfan, it is said that Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of the Shu Han Dynasty, went to the Kingdom of Wu and once sailed ashore here.

At night, I saw a big turtle floating in the water. Original text (August) 21st.

Passing the two willows and looking back at the river, the mountains in the distance are deep and beautiful. >

In the evening, there are Yangluo, tall willows on the embankment, and there are many people. The fish are as cheap as dirt, and a hundred dollars can feed twenty people. They are all giant fish. If you want to find small fish to feed the cat, you can't find them.

Translation (August) On the 21st, (the ship departed from Qiji Port in the upper reaches of Huangzhou), it passed Shuangliujia. Looking back at the river, the mountains in the distance were deep and beautiful. Although it left Huangzhou, it was traveling in Shuangliujia. , are also vast and vast, and the terrain is gradually getting higher. Most of them plant some food crops such as beans, millet, and buckwheat.

In the evening, we anchored in Yangluosu, where the embankments are wide, the willow trees are dense, and the residents are dense. There are a lot of fish. Fish are as cheap as dirt. One hundred copper coins (the fish you buy) can feed twenty people; they are all big fish. If you want to find some small fish to feed the cat, you can't find them.

Original text. On the morning of the 9th (September), I paid a visit to the Hou Tu Temple. The houses on the roadside were all thick with thatch and not a mess.

Hanging up the sails, we walked across the river for thirty miles and anchored in the pagoda. Ji, there is a big mountain on the riverside. From the time I left Ezhou, I saw the mountain.

I built the village with a weight of nine, so I slaughtered a sheep and bought it in a short while. /p>

I asked for chrysanthemums from people on the river, and I got a few branches. They were fragrant and lovely, and I was drunk by them. It rained at night and it was extremely cold, and they began to cover the quilt.

Translation (September) 9. On the morning of the same day (the boat sailed to Shishou County in Jingzhou), I went to the temple to worship the Earth God. The thatch covering the roofs of the houses on the roadside was more than a foot thick, and there was no stray grass.

He set up the sail and sailed for thirty miles in the river, stopping at Tazifan, which is a big mountain by the river.

Buying sheep and wine. We parked the boat at the waterside next to the village. Because it was the Double Ninth Festival, we killed a sheep and bought several boats. We finished them in a short time and bought some chrysanthemums from the people on the riverside. They were fragrant and lovely. , so I got drunk.

It started to rain and it was very cold, so I started to put on the quilt.

Zhouzhong. Looking at Shimen Pass, only one person can pass through, and the world is in danger. In the evening, Badong County is magnificent, and Zigui is defeated.

However, Jingyi is extremely depressed, with only a hundred households in the city. From Lingxian down, there are no tiles left. Wang Kangnian, the official of Zigui, Youdi Gonglang, and the chief official of Youdi Gonglang, Du De, came first.

They are all from Shu.

In the ancestral hall, you can climb up to the Autumn Wind Pavilion and look down at the mountains and rivers. It's a cloudy day with light snow and the weather is sluggish. Looking back at the name of the pavilion makes you feel sad, and you feel like you are wandering to the end of the world.

Then he climbed to Shuangbai Hall and Baiyunting. There was a cypress planted by Lai Gong under the hall, but it is now dead.

However, Nanshan is beautiful and lovely. Baiyun Pavilion is a mysterious and desperate place in the world, surrounded by mountains, with ancient trees appearing one after another, often two or three hundred years old.

Outside the fence, twin waterfalls cascade into the stone stream. Jumping beads splash jade, and the coldness penetrates into human bones. Below it is Cixi, which flows to meet the river.

I entered Chu from Wu and traveled more than five thousand miles, passing through fifteen states. The pavilions and pavilions were not as beautiful as those of Baiyun, and I stopped at the county seat after hearing the news. Nothing happened in Badong, so I can sleep in it. 5. Translation of Wushan Goddess in Classical Chinese

Annotations to the Book of Waters Volume 34 River

Original text

The river flows to the east of Wu Gorge ①. Du Yu dug it to connect the river. Guo Zhongchan ② said: According to "Geographical Records", Wushan is in the southwest of the county, but now there is Wushan in the east of the county. There is no permanent way to govern the county and the county. There is a newly collapsed beach in the east of the gorge of the river. This mountain collapsed in the twelfth year of Emperor Yongyuan of the Han Dynasty, and again in the second year of Taiyuan of the Jin Dynasty. On the day of the collapse, the water flowed back for more than a hundred miles and surged up to tens of feet. There are stones on the beach today, either as round as a basket or as square as a house. If there are many of them, they have all fallen from the cliff and caused angry turbulence, so it is called the new beach. The remaining ruins of the ruined rocks are still comparable to those of other ridges. More than ten miles below it lies the Great Wu Mountain, which is not the only one found in the Three Gorges. It is also connected with Fengmin and E, with its ridges of Heng and Yi. Its wings are surrounded by mountains and blue clouds, and it is even closer to Xiaohan. Let us distinguish its advantages and disadvantages. Ear. The location of the god Mengtu. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" says: Meng Tu, a minister of Emperor Qi of the Xia Dynasty, was in charge of the gods in Ba. The people of Ba filed a lawsuit against Meng Tu. If there was blood on his clothes, he would hold it and ask for his life. It lives on the mountain, west of Danshan Mountain. Guo Jingchun said: Danshan is in Danyang and belongs to Ba. The west of Danshan Mountain is also called Wushan Mountain. Also, the emperor's daughter lived in Yan. Song Yu called the third daughter of the emperor of heaven, named Yaoji. She died before leaving and was sealed in the sun of Wushan Mountain. The so-called daughter of Wushan, the resistance of Gaotang, is like clouds in the morning and rain in the evening, morning and evening, under the balcony. If you look at it early, it will be as it says. Therefore, a temple was built with the name Chaoyunyan. The one hundred and sixty miles from beginning to end is called Wu Gorge, named after the mountain.

Notes

① Wu Gorge: one of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. It starts from the mouth of Daning River in Wushan County, Chongqing City in the west and ends at Guandukou, Badong County, Hubei Province in the east.

② Guo Zhongchan: Kubu Lang, Shangshu of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote "Xiangyang Ji", "Nan Yongzhou Ji", etc.

③Tao (dān): a round bamboo vessel used for serving rice in ancient times.

④Decayan: a fallen rock. Remainder: What's left.

⑤Feiwei: Not just.

⑥奕: Same, equal. Heng: That is Hengshan, the Nanyue among the Five Mountains. The main part is located in Nanyue District, Hengyang City, Hunan Province and Hengshan and Hengyang counties. Doubt: It is Jiuyi (yí) Mountain, located in the south of Ningyuan County in present-day Hunan Province.

⑦ Just: get close. Xiaohan: Sky.

⑧After the Xia Dynasty: Qi, the son of Dayu, the king of the Xia Dynasty, established the first slavery regime in the history of our country.

⑨ If there is blood on the clothes, hold it: Guo Puyun, if it is not straight, blood will be seen on the clothes.

⑩Danshan: Wushan.

Danyang: in the southeast of Zigui County, Hubei Province today.

OK: Get married.

The resistance of Gaotang: One work is "The Concubine of Gaotang".

Xingyu: wandering raindrops. Translation

The river continues to flow eastward, passing through the Wu Gorge, which was dug by Du Yu to dredge the river. Guo Zhongchan said: According to "Geography", Wushan is in the southwest of Wu County, but now there is Wushan in the east of the county. Perhaps this is because the address of the county seat is often moved and changed. The river flows eastward through the mountain gorge and passes through Xinbengtan. In the twelfth year of Emperor Yongyuan of the Han Dynasty (100), a landslide occurred here, and in the second year of the Jin Taiyuan year (367), there was another landslide. On the day of the landslide, the river flowed back for more than a hundred miles, and the water surged up to tens of feet. Now there are many huge rocks on the beach, as round as rice baskets and as square as houses. They have all collapsed from the cliff, causing the rapids to roar and roar, so it is called the New Collapse Beach. The stone peaks left after the collapse appear to be quite high compared with many other mountains.

More than ten miles downstream is Dawu Mountain. This mountain is not only taller than the Three Gorges, it can compete with Minshan and Emeishan, and compare with Hengshan and Jiuyishan. The surrounding mountains are all high. Entering the blue clouds, only by climbing to the sky can you tell their height. Dawu Mountain is the residence of Mengtu, the god of justice. "The Book of Mountains and Seas" says: Meng Tu, a minister of Xia Qi, became the god of justice in Ba. People from Ba came to Meng Tu's residence to complain. He only caught people with blood stains on their clothes and never killed innocent people indiscriminately. Have the virtue of living well. He lives in the mountains, west of Dan Mountain. Guo Jingchun said: Danshan is in Danyang and belongs to Bajun. Danshanxi is Wushan. In addition, the daughter of the Red Emperor also lives here. She is the youngest daughter of the Emperor of Heaven as mentioned by Song Yu, named Yao Ji. She died before she got married and was buried in the south of Wushan. Her spirit turned into grass and formed Ganoderma lucidum. This is the so-called Wushan goddess who lives in the dangerous place of Gaotang. She is the floating clouds in the morning and the wandering rain in the evening. She is under the balcony every morning and evening. Early the next morning, the King of Chu got up and saw that it was just as the goddess said, so he built a temple for her and called it Chaoyun. The gorge is one hundred and sixty miles long from the beginning to the end, and is called Wu Gorge, probably named after the mountain. 6. Classical Chinese translation of "Shui Jing Zhu · Shui Shui"

Original text

The river flows eastward, passing through the Yellow River and halfway down the mountain. There is a beach called Huangniu Beach. The mountains on the south bank are stacked up, and there are rocks between the outermost high cliffs. The color is like a man carrying a knife and a morning bull, and the man is black and bezoar, with clear achievements. Since there are no human traces, there is no way to investigate. This rock is so high and the river is rushing back. Even though we pass by Xinsu, we can still see this thing. Therefore, a traveler's rumor goes: "The yellow ox comes in the morning, and the yellow ox stays in the evening. Three mornings and three dusk, the yellow ox remains the same."

- Selected from Li Daoyuan's "Shui Jing Zhu·Shuishui"

Translation

The water of the Yangtze River flows east again, passing under the Huangban Mountains and there is a dangerous shoal called Huangniu Beach. There are many mountains on the south bank of Huangniutan. There is a big stone between the tall cliffs on the outermost side. The stone has distinct colors, like a man carrying a knife on his back and leading a cow. The human is black and the cow is yellow. The shape of the human and cow is , the colors are very distinct. Since this place is inaccessible, no one has explored the cause of its formation. This cliff is very high, and the river is fast and winding, (but) even if people passing by here stay for two consecutive nights, they can still see this thing. So passers-by made up a song and sang: "In the morning we set off from Huangniu Beach, and in the evening we stayed at Huangniu Beach. For three days and three nights, Huangniu remained the same as before." 7. Li Bing's Classical Chinese Translation of Flood Control

In the method of controlling floods, we should neither be stubborn nor rigidly adhere to ancient rules and regulations, nor should we just believe what others say. The reason is that the terrain may be high or low, the water flow may be fast or slow, the pond may be deep or shallow, and the river may be straight or crooked. It is impossible to understand its true situation without observation and measurement, and it is impossible to fully understand it without interviews and soliciting opinions. To find out the situation, you must climb mountains and wade in the water yourself, work hard personally, and not be afraid of hardship.

In the past, when Hai Rui was managing rivers, he would wear casual clothes, brave the wind and rain, and go back and forth among the deserted villages and turbulent streams. He would personally distribute money and food to the migrant workers without deducting a cent, and the accompanying management officers would not He asked for a penny of money. It has to be like this in order to get things done. If you are greedy for comfort, afraid of hard work, care about personal gain, forget public welfare, and just want to avoid suspicion and avoid complaints, then things will not be done and water conservancy will not be done well.