What are the ethnic minorities in Japan?

Japan's ethnic composition is relatively simple, but it can't be simply called a "single nation state". So this is because there are Ainu people and Ryukyu people with unique national characteristics in addition to the well-known "Yamato nation" on the Japanese archipelago.

1, the Yamato nation, also known as "harmonious people", is the main body of the Japanese nation, accounting for more than 98% of the total population. Yamato nationality belongs to the East Asian type of Mongolian race, which is characterized by short head, yellow skin, black hair, less body hair and less beard. Earwax is dry. There are folds called "Mongolian folds" in the eyelids. Most blood types are type A, others are O, B and AB.

Daiwa people used to be shorter. In recent years, the average height of Yamato people has increased significantly. According to statistics, the average height of his men is about 170 cm, which is above the world average.

2. Ainu people, formerly known as "Xia Yiren", belong to Qiandao ethnic group. Physically, Ainu people have the basic characteristics of Mongolian race, and slightly have some characteristics of equatorial race: black and yellow skin color. Thick body hair, long legs and wide waist,

Big head and high cheekbones. They not only have their own language-Ainu people, but also have unique literature and unique music and dance. Ainu people believe in a religion with strong shamanism, and often hold religious ceremonies such as "bear sacrifice" and "whale sacrifice", which is closely related to their self-sufficient life with fishing, hunting and gathering as the main means of survival since ancient times. In modern times, the above-mentioned national characteristics of Ainu people are not much, and they are gradually assimilating with others.

However, the emergence of assimilation does not mean the disappearance of Ainu people. According to statistics, there are still about 25,000 Ainu people living in Danzhen, Japan and other places in Hokkaido.

3. At present, there are about 6.5438+0.2 million Ryukyu people, most of whom live in the Ryukyu Islands where Okinawa Prefecture is located in Japan. Although the Ryukyu people belong to the Mongolian race as well as the Yamato nationality, they are slightly shorter, thicker eyebrows and higher cheekbones than the Yamato nationality. In ancient times, Ryukyu people lived in groups based on tribes. /kloc-in the 4th century, three small countries were established. 1429, the Shang Eight Branches were unified into the Ryukyu Kingdom, forming a tribute relationship with China. /kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, Ryukyu was invaded by Japanese Samoans and began to be controlled by them. 1879, Ryukyu was formally incorporated into Japanese territory.

Extended data:

Japan (Japanese: にっぽんこく, にほんこく, English: Japan), referred to as "Japan", is located in East Asia, and its name means "the country of sunrise". The main ethnic group is the Japanese-speaking Yamato ethnic group, with a total population of about 65,438+26 million.

In the middle of the 3rd century, a big country, Yamato, appeared in its territory. In 645, the Japanese learned from the Tang Dynasty in China and made a big change. /kloc-In the late 20th century, the emperor's imperial power was marginalized and entered the Tokugawa era. /kloc-In the mid-1950s of 0/9, the invasion of European and American powers forced Japan to abandon its "closed door policy" and signed a series of unequal treaties. The Japanese people launched a struggle against aggression and the Tokugawa era.

From 65438 to 0868, Emperor Meiji regained power, carried out the Meiji Restoration, and quickly became one of the capitalist powers, and gradually embarked on the path of militarism of aggression and expansion, invading China, North Korea and other Asian countries many times. After Japan surrendered in World War II, it promulgated a new constitution, which changed from an imperial country to a parliamentary cabinet country with the emperor as the national symbol.

Japan is a highly developed capitalist country and the third largest economy in the world. Its resources are scarce, and it is extremely dependent on imports. The developed manufacturing industry is the main pillar of the national economy. Scientific research, aerospace, manufacturing and education all rank among the top in the world. In addition, the cultural industry dominated by animation and game industry and the developed tourism industry are also important symbols.

Japan is a world model in many aspects, such as environmental protection and resource utilization, and its citizens generally have good education, extremely high living standards and national quality. Up to now, the traditional Japanese culture represented by tea ceremony, flower path and book path has been preserved.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Japan